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Advances in Triatomine Bug Ecology in Relation to Chagas’ Disease

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Advances in Disease Vector Research

Part of the book series: Advances in Disease Vector Research ((VECTOR,volume 8))

Abstract

The bugs of the reduviid subfamily Triatominae require repeated bloodmeals over several months in order to reach maturity, and are independent of individual host animals between meals. It is thus not surprising that they are intermediate hosts and vectors of protozoan blood and tissue parasites:Hepatozoon spp. of reptiles (1, 8, 116), and Trypanosoma conorhini, Trypanosoma rangeli and Trypanosoma cruzi of their mammalian hosts (37, 83) (Triatominae are not known to transmit any parasites of birds or amphibians). Unlike many trypanosomes, T. rangeli* and T. cruzi* are found in many mammals of different orders, in keeping with the lack of host specificity of most of their triatomine vectors. Humans are susceptible to both T. rangeli and T. cruzi, but only the latter is a serious pathogen, and the medical importance of Triatominae is due principally to their role as vectors of T. cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas’ disease. Humans may become infected by direct (25, 42, 84, 115) or indirect (11, 168) contact with enzootic cycles of transmission, but the main reason for the very high prevalence (90, 137) of human trypanosomiasis in many parts of Latin America is the presence of breeding colonies of Triatominae in houses in which people and domestic mammals serve as reservoirs of the parasite (12, 90, 112).

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  1. Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Caixa Postal 478, 69083, Manaus-AM, Brazil

    Toby V. Barrett

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  1. Virus Vector Laboratory, Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA

    Kerry F. Harris

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Barrett, T.V. (1991). Advances in Triatomine Bug Ecology in Relation to Chagas’ Disease. In: Harris, K.F. (eds) Advances in Disease Vector Research. Advances in Disease Vector Research, vol 8. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3110-3_6

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