Abstract
With high quality dual-frequency receivers, it is possible to instantaneously resolve the whole-cycle carrier phase ambiguities in a kinematic scenario.
The various proposals for resolving ambiguities in a moving environment are reviewed and compared with the least squares search technique. The least squares technique is derived, and test results are described. As more capable and less expensive receivers become available and as the satellite constellation nears completion, the conditions for instantaneous ambiguity resolution can commonly be met; and the technique should find frequent use in applications requiring high accuracy in a moving environment.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Counselman, C.C., III, and S.A. Gourevitch (1981), “Miniature Interferometer Terminals for Earth Surveying: Ambiguity and Multipath With Global Positioning System,” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. GE-19, No. 4, October 1981, pp. 244–252.
Counselman, C.C., III (1989), “Method of Resolving Radio Phase Ambiguity in Satellite Orbit Determination,” Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 94, No. B6, June 10, pp. 7058–7064.
Frei, E. and G. Beutler (1989), “Some Considerations Concerning an Adaptive, Optimized Technique to Resolve the Initial Phase Ambiguities for Static and Kinematic GPS Surveying - Techniques,” Proceedings of the Fifth International Geodetic Symposium on Satellite Positioning, DMA, DoD, NGS, NOAA, Las Cruces, N.M., March 13–17, New Mexico State University, Vol. 2, pp. 671–686.
Goad, C. (1990), “Optimal Filtering of GPS Phase and Pseudo-range Measurements,” Paper presented at Spring AGU meeting in Baltimore Md., May 29-June 1.
Hatch, R.R. (1982), “The Synergism of GPS Code and Carrier Measurements,” Proceedings of the Third International Geodetic Symposium on Satellite Doppler Positioning, DMA, NOS, Las Cruces, N.M., Feb. 8–12, New Mexico State University, Vol. II, pp. 1213–1232.
Hatch, R.R. (1986), “Dynamic Differential GPS at the Centimeter Level,” Proceedings of the Fourth International Geodetic Symposium on Satellite Positioning, DMA, NGS, Las Cruces, N.M., April 28-May 2, New Mexico State University, Vol. II, pp. 1287–1298.
Hatch, R.R. (1989), “Ambiguity Resolution in the Fast Lane,” Proceedings of ION GPS-89, Institute of Navigation, Colorado Springs, September 27–29, pp. 45–50.
Hwang, P.Y.C., (1990), “Kinematic GPS: Resolving Integer Ambiguities on the Fly,” IEEE Position Location and Navigation Symposium, No. 9OCH2811–8, Las Vegas, March 20–23, pp 579–586.
Loomis, P., G. Kremer, and J. Reynolds (1989), “Correction Algorithms for Differential GPS Reference Stations,” Navigation, Vol. 36, No. 2, Summer 1989, pp. 179–193.
Loomis, P. (1989), “A Kinematic GPS Double-Differencing Algorithm,” Proceedings of the Fifth International Geodetic Symposium on Satellite Positioning, DMA, DoD, NGS, NOAA, Las Cruces, N.M., March 13–17, New Mexico State University, Vol. 2, pp. 611–620.
Mader, G.L. (1990), “Ambiguity Function Techniques for GPS Phase Initialization and Kinematic Solutions,” Paper presented at Spring AGU meeting in Baltimore, Md., May 29-June 1.
Melbourne, W.G. (1985), “The Case for Ranging in GPS-Based Geodetic Systems,” Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Precise Positioning with the Global Positioning System, Rockville, Md., April 15–19, National Geodetic Information Center, NOAA, Vol. 1, pp. 373–386.
Melsa J.L., and D.L. Cohn (1978), Decision and Estimation Theory, McGraw-Hill, New York, pp. 216–219.
Remondi, B.W. (1985), “Performing Centimeter-level Surveys In Seconds With GPS Carrier Phase: Initial Results,” NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NGS-43, Rockville, Md., October 1985.
Remondi B.W. (1990), “Pseudo-Kinematic GPS Results using the Ambiguity Function Method,” NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NGS-52, Rockville, Md., May 1990.
Sennot, J., and J. Spalding (1990), “Multipath Sensitivity and Carrier Slip Tolerance of an Integrated Doppler DGPS Navigation Algorithm,” IEEE Position Location and Navigation Symposium No. 9OCH2811–8, Las Vegas, March 20–23, pp 638–644.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1991 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Hatch, R. (1991). Instantaneous Ambiguity Resolution. In: Schwarz, KP., Lachapelle, G. (eds) Kinematic Systems in Geodesy, Surveying, and Remote Sensing. International Association of Geodesy Symposia, vol 107. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3102-8_27
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3102-8_27
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-97465-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-3102-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive