Internal Forces in Members

Abstract

The analysis or design of structural and machine components is based upon a knowledge of the variation of internal forces throughout such members. Fundamental concepts and equations of statics provide the necessary background for determination of these internal forces. The equations of equilibrium together with the free-body-diagram concept are used to determine internal forces in members subjected to applied force systems. Emphasis is placed upon the construction of diagrams that reveal the variation of internal forces as functions of coordinates measured along member lengths. Equations and procedures are developed for the construction of axial force, torque, shear, and moment diagrams.