Abstract
The genesis of alcohol physical dependence is usually viewed as a consequence of adaptive mechanisms within the central nervous system. In this scheme alcohol produces inhibitory effects on neurones by some mechanism and this evokes an opposing adaptation in these neurones. Removal of alcohol once neurones have adapted in this way exposes this adaptation which causes the hyperexcitability of the alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Lynch M A & Littleton J M Possible association of alcohol tolerance with increased synaptic calcium sensitivity. Nature 303: 175 – 176, 1983
Harris R A & Hood W F Inhibition of synaptosomal calcium uptake by ethanol. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 213: 562 – 568, 1980
Lovinger D M, White G & Weight F F Ethanol inhibits the NMDA activated ion current in hippocampal neurones. Science 243: 1721 – 1724, 1989
Suzdak P D, Glowa J R, Crawley J N, Schwartz R D, Skolnick P & Paul S M. A selective imidazodiazepine antagonist of ethanol in the rat. Science 234: 1243 – 1247, 1986
Hoffman P L, Rabe C S, Valverius P, Grant K A, Gulya K, Crabbe J C & Tabakoff B. The NMDA receptor is implicated in the acute effects of ethanol and ethanol withdrawal. International Society for Biomedical Research on Alcohol, Toronto 1990
Brennan C H, Lewis A & Littleton J M. Membrane receptors involved in up-regulation of calcium channels in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells chronically exposed to ethanol. Neuropharmacol. 28; 1303 – 1307, 1989
Cwynarski K, Bouchenafa O, Brennan C H & Littleton J M. Bovine adrenal cells grown in culture medium containing ethanol show hyperexcitability to glutamate. Alcohol & Alcoholism 24: 370, 1989
Messing R O, Carpenter C L, Diamond I & Greenberg D A. Ethanol regulates calcium channels in clonal cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 83: 6213 – 6215, 1986
Messing R O, Carpenter C L, Diamond I & Greenberg D A. Ethanol regulates calcium channels in clonal cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 83: 6213 – 6215, 1986
Harper J C, Brennan C H & Littleton J M. Genetic up-regulation of calcium channels in a cell culture model of ethanol dependence. Neuropharmacol. 28: 1299 – 1302, 1989
Greenberg D A, Carpenter C L & Messing R O. Ethanol-induced component of 45 Ca2+ uptake in PC 12 cells is sensitive to Ca2+ channel modulating drugs. Brain Res. 410: 143 – 146, 1987
Brennan CH . The role of dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channels in alterations of cell excitability associated with ethanol dependence. University of London Ph.D. thesis 1990
Brennan CH . The role of dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channels in alterations of cell excitability associated with ethanol dependence. University of London Ph.D. thesis 1990
Brennan CH . The role of dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channels in alterations of cell excitability associated with ethanol dependence. University of London Ph.D. thesis 1990
Dolin S J, Little H J, Hudspith M J, Pagonis C & Littleton J Increased dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channels in rat brain may underlie ethanol physical dependence. Neuropharmacol. 26: 275 – 280, 1987
Dolin S J, Little H J, Hudspith M J, Pagonis C & Littleton J Increased dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channels in rat brain may underlie ethanol physical dependence. Neuropharmacol. 26: 275 – 280, 1987
Whittington M & Little H J. Nitrendipine prevents the ethanol withdrawal syndrome when administered chronically with ethanol prior to withdrawal. Br. J. Pharmacol. 94: 385P, 1988
Whittington M & Little H J. Nitrendipine prevents the ethanol withdrawal syndrome when administered chronically with ethanol prior to withdrawal. Br. J. Pharmacol. 94: 385P, 1988
Whittington M & Little H J. Nitrendipine prevents the ethanol withdrawal syndrome when administered chronically with ethanol prior to withdrawal. Br. J. Pharmacol. 94: 385P, 1988
Bouchenafa O, Cwynarski K & Littleton J M. Interactions between excitatory amino acids and AOTAL in a cell culture model of ethanol dependence. ISBRA meeting,Toronto 1990
Littleton J M, Dunnage J & Pagonis C. Alcohol dependence and modulation of calcium channels. In “Biomedical and Social aspects of Alcohol and Alcoholism” Eds Kuriyama K, Takada A & Ishii H. Elsevier Amsterdam 1988
L’huintre J P, Daoust M, Moore N, Chretien P, Saligaut C, Tran G, Boismare F & Hillemand B. Ability of calcium bis acetyl homotaurine, a GABA agonist, to prevent relapse in weaned alcoholics. Lancet I, 8436: 1014 – 1016, 1985
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1992 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Littleton, J.M., Bouchenafa, O. (1992). Agents Which Modify Channels as Potential Treatments in Alcohol Withdrawal. In: Naranjo, C.A., Sellers, E.M. (eds) Novel Pharmacological Interventions for Alcoholism. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2878-3_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2878-3_15
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-7705-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-2878-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive