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Light and Electron Microscopic Immunocytochemistry of Putative Neurotransmitter Amino Acids in the Cerebellum with Some Observations on the Distribution of Glutamine

  • Chapter
The Cerebellum Revisited

Abstract

Ramón y Cajal (1888, 1889) was the first to describe accurately the different cell types in the cerebellum and their interconnections. With the development of the electron microscope, the ultra-structural features of the different types of cells and synapses were soon characterized in great detail, so that today the synaptology of the cerebellar cortex must be regarded as well established (Mugnaini, 1972; Palay and Chan-Palay, 1974). In contrast, our understanding of the chemical nature of the cerebellar circuitries is still incomplete. Early biochemical studies and investigations based on immunocytochemistry of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthesizing enzyme, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), strongly suggested that amino acids played major roles as transmitters in the cerebellum, as in other parts of the central nervous system (CNS) (for reviews see Mugnaini and Oertel, 1985; Ottersen and Storm-Mathisen, 1984a). However, it was not until recently that the neuroactive amino acids themselves could be visualized by immunocytochemistry (Storm-Mathisen et al, 1983), thus becoming amenable to precise anatomical analysis. In this chapter we show how amino acid immunocytochemistry has provided new insight in the organization of the amino acid transmitter systems in the cerebellum.

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Authors
  1. Ole P. Ottersen
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  2. Jon H. Laake
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology/Biophysics, New York University Medical Center, 550 First Avenue, 10016, New York, NY, USA

    Rodolfo Llinás

  2. INSERM U-106, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, 47 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013, Paris, France

    Constantino Sotelo M.D., Ph.D.

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© 1992 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.

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Ottersen, O.P., Laake, J.H. (1992). Light and Electron Microscopic Immunocytochemistry of Putative Neurotransmitter Amino Acids in the Cerebellum with Some Observations on the Distribution of Glutamine. In: Llinás, R., Sotelo, C. (eds) The Cerebellum Revisited. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2840-0_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2840-0_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-7691-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-2840-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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