Abstract
Elements such as Ca, Mg, and K, which are required for plant growth, are important components of the nutrient cycle in forested ecosystems, and by far the largest store of these elements in North American and European forests is within the minerals constituting the forest soil. Although external inputs from the atmosphere in both the dissolved and particulate load can provide a portion of these elements to a growing forest, the ultimate source of most inorganic elemental nutrients is provided through cation exchange and mineral weathering reactions that take place in the soil profile. Mineral inventories and determinations of the physical characteristics, mineralogy and chemistry of soil components, and mineral weathering reactions that occur in soils must be an integral part of any study that attempts to document the nutrient status of a forested ecosystem.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
APHA (American Public Health Association). 1981. Standard Methods for Examinations of Water and Wastewater, 15th Ed. American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C
April R.H., Hluchy M.M., Newton R.M. 1986. The nature of vermiculite in Adirondack soils and till. Clays Clay Minerals 34 (5): 549 – 556
April R., Keller D. 1990. Mineralogy of the rhizosphere in forest soils of the eastern United States. Biogeochemistry 9: 1 – 18
Arnott H.J. 1982. Three systems of biomineralization in plants with comments on the associated organic matrix. In Nancollas G.H. (ed.) Biological Mineralization and Demineralization, Dahlem Konferenzen, Berlin, Heidelberg. New York, Springer-Verlag, pp. 199 – 218
Barshad I. 1964. Chemistry of soil development. In Bear F.E. (ed.) Chemistry of the Soil. Reinhold, New York, pp. 1 – 70
Berner R.A., Holdren G.R. Jr. 1979. Mechanism of feldspar weathering—II. Observations of feldspar from soils. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 43: pp. 1173 – 1186
Berner R.A., Schott J. 1982. Mechanism of pyroxene and amphibole weathering— II. Observations of soil grains. Am. J. Sci. 282: 1214 – 1231
Brindley G.W., Zalba P.E., Bethke C.M. 1983. Hydrobiotite, a regular 1:1 inter- stratification of biotite and vermiculite layers. Am. Miner. 68: 420 – 425
Brown G. 1980. Associated minerals. In Brindley G.W., Brown G. (eds.) Crystal Structures of Clay Minerals and Their X-Ray Identification. Mineralogical Society, London, pp. 361 – 411
Brown G., Brindley G.W. 1980. X-ray diffraction procedures for clay mineral identification: in Brindley G.W., Brown G. (eds.) Crystal Structures of Clay Minerals and their X-ray Identification, Mineralogical Society, London, pp. 305 – 361
Cockcroft B., Barley K.P., Greacen E.L. 1969. The penetration of clays by fine probes and root tips. Aust. J. Soil Res. 7: 333 – 348
Cronan C.S. 1985. Chemical weathering and solution chemistry in acid forest soils: differential influence of soil type, biotic processes, and H+ deposition. In Drever J.I. (ed.) The Chemistry of Weathering. D. Reidel, Dordrecht, Holland, pp. 175 – 195
Cronan C.S., Kelly J.M., Schofield C.L., Goldstein R.A. 1987. Aluminum geochemistry and tree toxicity in forests exposed to acidic deposition. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Acid Rain, Sept. 1–3, 1987, Lisbon, Portugal
Curl E.A., Truelove B. 1986. The Rhizosphere. Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg
Dahlgren R.A., McAvoy D.C., Driscoll C.T. 1990. Acidification and recovery of a spodosol Bs horizon from acidic deposition. Environ. Sci. Technol. 24, pp. 531 – 537
Douglas L.A. 1977. Vermiculites. In Dixon J.B., Weed S.B. (eds.) Minerals in Soil Environments. Soil Science Society of America, Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 259 – 292
Folk R.L. 1968. Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks. Hemphills, Austin
Goldich S.S. 1938. A study in rock weathering, J. Geol. 46: 17 – 58
Graustein W.C., Cromack K., Sollins P. 1977. Calcium oxalate: occurrence in soils and effect on nutrient and geochemical cycles. Science 198: 1252 – 1254
Huttermann A., Ulrich B. 1984. Solid phase-solution-root interactions in soils subjected to acid deposition. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London Ser. B 305: 353 – 368
Keller D.M. 1988. The Chemistry and Mineralogy of Forest and Rhizosphere Soils in the Eastern United States. M.A. Thesis, Colgate University, Hamilton, New York
Lund Z.F. 1965. A technique for making thin sections of soil with roots in place. Proc. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. 29: 633 – 635
Mortland M.M., Lawton K., Uehara G. 1956. Alteration of biotite to vermiculite by plant growth. Soil Sci. 82: 477 – 481
Nye P.H., Tinker P.B. 1977. Solute Movement in the Soil-Root System. University of California Press, Berkley and Los Angeles
Pettijohn F.J. 1941. Persistence of heavy minerals and geologic age. J. Geol. 49: 610 – 625
Shortle W.C., Smith K.T. 1988. Aluminum-induced calcium deficiency syndrome in declining red spruce, Science 240: 1017 – 1018
Spyridakis D.E., Chesters G., Wilde S.A. 1967. Kaolinization of biotite as a result of coniferous and deciduous seedling growth. Proc. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. 31: 203 – 210
Tepper H.B., Schaedle M. 1987. Patterns and processes of aluminum uptake and transport. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Acid Rain, Sept. 1–3, 1987, Lisbon, Portugal
Velbel M.A. 1984. Rate controls during the natural weathering of almandine garnet. Geology 12: 631 – 634
Walker G.F. 1975. Vermiculites. In Soil Components, Vol. 2: Inorganic Components. Springer-Verlag, New York: 155 – 189
Wilding L.P., Smeck N.E., Drees L.R. 1977. Silica in soils: quartz, cristobalite, tridymite, and opal. In Dixon J.B., Weed S.B. (eds.) Minerals in Soil Environments, Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 471 – 553
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1992 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
April, R., Newton, R. (1992). Mineralogy and Mineral Weathering. In: Johnson, D.W., Lindberg, S.E. (eds) Atmospheric Deposition and Forest Nutrient Cycling. Ecological Studies, vol 91. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2806-6_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2806-6_10
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-97632-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-2806-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive