Skip to main content

Learning to Catch: Applying Nearest Neighbor Algorithms to Dynamic Control Tasks

  • Conference paper
Selecting Models from Data

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Statistics ((LNS,volume 89))

Abstract

This paper examines the hypothesis that local weighted variants of k-nearest neighbor algorithms can support dynamic control tasks. We evaluated several k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) algorithms on the simulated learning task of catching a flying ball. Previously, local regression algorithms have been advocated for this class of problems. These algorithms, which are variants of k-NN, base their predictions on a (possibly weighted) regression computed from the k nearest neighbors. While they outperform simpler k-NN algorithms on many tasks, they have trouble on this ball-catching task. We hypothesize that the non-linearities in this task are the cause of this behavior, and that local regression algorithms may need to be modified to work well under similar conditions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Aboaf, E., Drucker, S., & Atkeson, C. (1989). Task-level robot learning: Juggling a tennis ball more accurately. In Proceedings of the 1989 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (pp. 1290–1295 ). Scottsdale, AR: IEEE Press.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Aha, D. W. (1989). Incremental, instance-based learning of independent and graded concept descriptions. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Workshop on Machine Learning (pp. 387–391 ). Ithaca, NY: Morgan Kaufmann.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Aha, D. W. (1991). Case-based learning algorithms. In Proceedings of the DARPA Case-Based Reasoning Workshop (pp. 147–158 ). Washington, D.C.: Morgan Kaufmann.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Aha, D. W., Kibler, D., & Albert, M. K. (1991). Instance-based learning algorithms. Machine Learning, 6, 37–66.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Atkeson, C. (1989). Using local models to control movement. In D. S. Touretsky (Ed.), Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 2. San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Bradshaw, G. (1987). Learning about speech sounds: The NEXUS project. In Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop on Machine Learning (pp. 1–11 ). Irvine, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Connell, M. E., & Utgoff, R E. (1987). Learning to control a dynamic physical system. In Proceedings of the Sixth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (pp. 456–60 ). Seattle, WA: Morgan Kaufmann.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Dasarathy, B. V. (Ed.). (1991). Nearest neighbor(NN) norms: NNpattern classification techniques. Los Alamitos, CA: IEEE Press.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Geng, Z., Fiala, J., Haynes, L. S., Bukowski, R. Santucci, A., & Coleman, N. (1991). Robotic hand-eye coordination. In Proceedings of the Fourth World Conference on Robotics Research (pp. 4–13 to 4–24 ). Pittsburgh, PA: Society of Manufacturing Engineers.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Kelly, J. D., Jr., & Davis, L. (1991). A hybrid genetic algorithm for classification. In Proceedings of the Twelfth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (pp. 645–650 ). Sydney, Australia: Morgan Kaufmann.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Michie, D., & Chambers, R. (1968). Boxes: An experiment in adaptive control. In E. Dale & D. Michie (Eds.), Machine Intelligence 2. Edinburgh, Scotland: Oliver and Boyd.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Moore, A. W. (1990). Acquisition of dynamic control knowledge for a robotic manipulator. In Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Machine Learning (pp. 244–252 ). Austin, TX: Morgan Kaufmann.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Moore, A., & Atkeson, C. (1992). Memory-based function approximators for learning control. Manuscript submitted for publication.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Rizzi, A. A., Whitcomb, L. L., & Koditschek, D. E. (1992). Distributed real-time control of a spatial robot juggler. IEEE Computer, 25(5), 12–24.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Salzberg, S. L. (1991). A nearest hyperrectangle learning method. Machine Learning, 6, 251–276.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Sammut, C. (1990). Is learning rate a good performance criterion for learning? In Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Machine Learning (pp. 170–178 ). Austin, TX: Morgan Kaufmann.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Selfridge, O. G., Sutton, R. S., & Barto, A. G. (1985). Training and tracking in robotics. In Proceedings of the Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (pp. 670 - 672 ). Los Angeles, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Stanfill, C., & Waltz, D. (1986). Toward memory-based reasoning. Communications of the Association for Computing Machinery, 29, 1213 - 1228.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Sutton, R. (1990). Integrated architectures for learning, planning, and reacting based on approximating dynamic programming. In Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Machine Learning (pp. 216 - 224 ). Austin, TX: Morgan Kaufmann.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1994 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.

About this paper

Cite this paper

Aha, D.W., Salzberg, S.L. (1994). Learning to Catch: Applying Nearest Neighbor Algorithms to Dynamic Control Tasks. In: Cheeseman, P., Oldford, R.W. (eds) Selecting Models from Data. Lecture Notes in Statistics, vol 89. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2660-4_33

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2660-4_33

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-387-94281-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-2660-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics