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Ion Channels and Ion Pumps pp 349–372Cite as

Nonrenal Potassium Homeostasis: Hypokalemia and Potassium Depletion—Role of Skeletal Muscle Potassium-Pump (Na+,K+- ATPase)

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Part of the book series: Endocrinology and Metabolism ((EAM,volume 6))

Abstract

Venous plasma-potassium concentration is one of the most frequently determined values in clinical practice. However, although its long-term regulation by the kidney is well known, its potential for modulation within seconds to minutes due to exchange of potassium across skeletal muscle membranes has not hitherto been well recognized. Moreover, venous plasma potassium is not a very accurate indicator of body potassium homeostasis. Accordingly, in certain clinical situations venous plasma-potassium values may be difficult to interpret and even misleading. This may be the reason why the meaning of mild hypokalemia and its dangers are often questioned and the need for potassium supplementation debated. However, recently research on the regulation of skeletal muscle potassium pumps Na+,K+-ATPase (NKA) have shed light on the rapid regulation of plasma potassium. The results of this work may have important clinical implications. Hence it is the purpose of the present chapter to discuss the physiology of potassium homeostasis in relation to clinical experience and the possible basis for a rational approach to disturbances of potassium homeostasis in clinical practice.

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  1. Keld Kjeldsen
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. 48323, 2104 Rhine Road, West Bloomfield, MI, USA

    Piero P. Foà M.D., Sc.D. (Professor Emeritus) (Professor Emeritus)

  2. Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, 48202, Detroit, MI, USA

    Piero P. Foà M.D., Sc.D. (Professor Emeritus) (Professor Emeritus)

  3. Section of Endocrinology,Department of Internal Medicine,School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 48202, Detroit, MI, USA

    Mary F. Walsh Ph.D. (Assistant Professor) (Assistant Professor)

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Kjeldsen, K. (1994). Nonrenal Potassium Homeostasis: Hypokalemia and Potassium Depletion—Role of Skeletal Muscle Potassium-Pump (Na+,K+- ATPase). In: Foà, P.P., Walsh, M.F. (eds) Ion Channels and Ion Pumps. Endocrinology and Metabolism, vol 6. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2596-6_16

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