Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Ecomorphological Characters as a Resource for Illustrating Growth-Form Convergence in Matorral, Chaparral, and Mallee

  • Chapter
Ecology and Biogeography of Mediterranean Ecosystems in Chile, California, and Australia

Part of the book series: Ecological Studies ((ECOLSTUD,volume 108))

Abstract

One successful approach to refining the interaction between form and environment in plant communities has been to examine the extent of convergence in structural and functional attributes of phylogenetically distinct biotas in climatically similar areas (Parsons 1976).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Aljaro ME, Montenegro G (1981) Growth of dominant Chilean shrubs in the Andean cordillera. Mountain Res Dev 1:287–291

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Araya S, Avila G (1981) Rebrote de arbustos afectados por el fuego en el matorral chileno. An Mus Hist Nat 14:107–113

    Google Scholar 

  • Avila G, Aljaro ME, Silva B (1981) Observaciones en el estrato herbáceo después del fuego. An Mus Hist Nat 14:99–105

    Google Scholar 

  • Barthelemy D (1986) Establishment of modular growth in a tropical tree: Isertia coccinea Vahl (Rubiaceae). In Harper J, Rosen BR, White J (eds) Growth and Form of Modular Organisms. Phil Tran Royal Soc London B313:89–94

    Google Scholar 

  • Beadle NC (1966) Soil phosphate and its role in molding segments of the Australian flora and vegetation, with special reference to xeromorphy and sclerophylly. Ecology 47:992–1007

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Catling SM, Cowan PE, Green B (1988) The effect of fire and season on the water and energy turnover of small mammals in south eastern Australia. In di Castri F, Floret Ch, Rambal S, Roy J (eds) Time Scales and Water Stress. Proc 5th Int Conf Medit Ecosys. I.U.B.S., Paris, pp 655–660

    Google Scholar 

  • Cooper SM, Owen-Smith N (1986) Effects of plant spinescence on large mammalian herbivores. Oecologia (Berl) 68:446–455

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • di Castri F (1981) Mediterranean-type shrublands of the world. In di Castri F, Goodall WD, Specht RL (eds) Mediterranean-Type Shrublands. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 11–43

    Google Scholar 

  • di Castri F (1990) An ecological overview of the five regions of the world with mediterranean climate. In Groves RH, di Castri F (eds) Biogeography of Mediterranean Invasions. Cambridge U Press, Cambridge, pp 3–15

    Google Scholar 

  • di Castri F, Mooney HA (eds) (1973) Mediterranean Type Ecosystems: Origin and Structure. Springer-Verlag, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • di Castri F, Goodall DW, Specht RL (eds) (1981) Ecosystems of the World. Vol. 11. Mediterranean Type Shrublands. Elsevier, Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  • Ginocchio R, Montenegro G (1992) Interpretation of metameric architecture in dominant shrubs of the Chilean matorral. Oecologia 90:451–456

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Givnish TJ (1987) Comparative Studies of leaf form: assessing the relative roles of selective pressures and phylogenetic constraints. New Phytol Suppl 106:131–160.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gottlieb LD (1986) The genetic basis of plant form. In Harper JL, Rosen BR, White J (eds) Growth and Form of Modular Organisms. Phil Trans Royal Soc London B313:197–208

    Google Scholar 

  • Hardwick RC (1986) Physiological consequences of modular growth in plants. In Harper JL, Rosen BR, White J (eds) Growth and Form of Modular Organisms. Philos Trans Royal Soc London B313:161–173

    Google Scholar 

  • James S (1984) Lignotubers and burls: Their structure, function and ecological significance in mediterranean ecosystems. Bot Rev 50:225–266

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keeley JE, Keeley SC (1977) Energy allocation patterns of sprouting and non-sprouting species of Arctostaphylos in the California chaparral. Am Mid Nat 98:1–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keeley JE, Keeley SC (1981) Postfire regeneration of California chaparral. Am J Bot 68:524–530

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keeley SC (ed) (1989) The California Chaparral: Paradigms Reexamined. Science Series No. 34, Nat Hist Mus LA County, Los Angeles, CA

    Google Scholar 

  • Kozlowski TT (1972) Water Deficits and Plant Growth. Academic Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Kruger FJ, Mitchell DT, Jarvis JUM (eds) (1983) Mediterranean Type Ecosystems: Ecological Studies. Vol. 43. Springer-Verlag, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Kummerow J (1983) Comparative phenology of mediterranean type plant communities. In Kruger FJ, Mitchell DT, Jarvis JUM (eds) Mediterranean Type Ecosystems: The Role of Nutrients. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp 300–317

    Google Scholar 

  • Kummerow J, Montenegro G, Krause D (1981) Biomass, phenology and growth. In Miller PC (ed) Resource Use by Chaparral and Matorral. A Comparison of Vegetation Function in Two Mediterranean Type Ecosystems. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp 69–96

    Google Scholar 

  • Lamont BB, Kelly W (1988) The relationship between sclerophylly, nutrition and water use in two species from contrasting soils. In di Castri F, Floret Ch, Rambal S, Roy J (eds) Time Scales and Water Stress. Proc 5th Int Conf Medit Ecosys, I.U.B.S., Paris, pp 617–621

    Google Scholar 

  • Lovell PH, Lovell PJ (1985) The importance of plant form as a determining factor in competition and habitat exploitation. In White J (ed) Studies on Plant Demography: A Festschrift for John L Harper. Academic Press, London, pp 209–221

    Google Scholar 

  • Margaris NS (1980) Structure and dynamics of mediterranean type vegetation. Port Acta Biol 16(14):45–58

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller PC (ed) (1981) Resource Use by Chaparral and Matorral. Springer-Verlag, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Montenegro G (1987) Quantification of mediterranean plant phenology and growth. In Tenhunen JD, Catarino O, Lange L, Oechel WC (eds) Plant Response to Stress: Functional Analysis in Mediterranean Ecosystems. Vol 15G NATO ASI Series. Springer, Berlin, pp 469–488

    Google Scholar 

  • Montenegro G, Ginocchio R (1993) Modular interpretation of architecture in shrub species. Anais do Acad Bras Cien 65(2): 189–202

    Google Scholar 

  • Montenegro G, Ginocchio R (1994) Effects of insect herbivory on plant architecture. In Ariatnoutsou M, Specht RL (eds) Plant-Animal Interactions in Mediterranean Type Ecosystems. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp 115–122

    Google Scholar 

  • Montenegro G, Hoffmann AJ, Aljaro ME, Hoffmann AE (1979) Satureja gilliesii, a poikilohydric shrub from the Chilean mediterranean vegetation. Can J Bot 57: 1206–1213

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Montenegro G, Aljaro ME, Walkowiak A, Saenger R (1981) Growth, net-productivity and senescence in herbs and shrubs of the native vegetation in Central Chile. In Conrad CE, Oechel WC (eds) Dynamics and Management of Mediterranean Type Ecosystems. USDA For Serv. Gen Tech Rep PSW 58, pp 135–141

    Google Scholar 

  • Montenegro G, Avila G, Schatte P (1983) Presence and development of lignotubers in shrubs of the Chilean matorral. Can J Bot 61:1804–1808

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Montenegro G, Serey I, Gómez M (1985) Growth forms of arid and semi-arid bioclimatic zones in Chile through the monocharacter approach. Medio Amb 7(2): 21–30

    Google Scholar 

  • Montenegro G, Avila G, Aljaro ME, Osorio R, Gómez M (1989) Chile. In Orshan G (ed) Plant Phenomorphological Studies in Mediterranean Type Ecosystems. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp 347–387

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Mooney HA (ed) (1977) Convergent Evolution in Chile and California Mediterranean Climate Ecosystems. Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross, Stroudsburg, PA

    Google Scholar 

  • Mooney HA (1981) Primary production in mediterranean-climatic regions. In di Castri F, Goodall DW, Specht RL (eds) Ecosystems of the World 11. Mediterranean Shrublands. Elsevier, New York, pp 249–255

    Google Scholar 

  • Mooney HA, Dunn EL, Shropshire F, Song L (1970) Vegetation comparisons between the mediterranean climatic areas of California and Chile. Flora 159:480–496

    Google Scholar 

  • Mooney HA, Dunn EL (1970) Convergent evolution of mediterranean-climate evergreen sclerophyll shrubs. Evolution 24:292–303

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mooney HA, Kummerow J, Johnson AW, Parsons DJ, Keeley S, Hoffmann A, Hays RI, Giliberto J, Chu C (1977) The producers, their resources and adaptive responses. In Mooney HA (ed) Convergent Evolution in Chile and California. Dowden, Hutchinson and Ross, Stroudsburg, PA pp 85–153

    Google Scholar 

  • Mooney HA, Kummerov J, Moll EJ, Orshan G, Rutherford MC, Sommerville JEM (1983) Plant form and function in relation to nutrient gradients. In Day JA (ed) Mineral Nutrients in Mediterranean Ecosystems. S African Nat Sci Prog Rep 71: 55–76

    Google Scholar 

  • Muñoz MR, Fuentes ER (1989) Does fire induce shrub germination in the Chilean matorral? Oikos 56:177–181

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oechel WC, Lawrence W (1981) Carbon allocation and utilization. In Miller PC (ed) Resource Use by Chaparral and Matorral. A Comparison of Vegetation Function in Two Mediterranean Type Ecosystems. Ecological Studies 39. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp 185–233

    Google Scholar 

  • Orshan G (1983a) Approaches to definition of mediterranean growth forms. In Kruger FJ, Mitchell DT, Jarvis JUM (eds) Mediterranean-Type Ecosystems: The Role of Nutrients. Ecological Studies 43, Springer-Verlag, New York, pp 86–99

    Google Scholar 

  • Orshan G (1983b) Monocharacter growth form types as a tool in an analytic synthetic study of growth forms in mediterranean type ecosystems. Ecol Medit 8:159–171

    Google Scholar 

  • Orshan G (1989) Shrubs as a growth form. In Biology and Utilization of Shrubs. Academic Press, New York, pp 249–265

    Google Scholar 

  • Orshan G, Montenegro G, Avila G, Aljaro ME, Walkowiak A, Mujica AM (1984a) Plant growth forms of Chilean matorral. A monocharacter growth form analysis along an altitudinal transect from sea level to 2000 m.a.s.l. Bull Soc Bot France 131, Actualités Botaniques (2-3-4-):411–445

    Google Scholar 

  • Orshan G, Le Roux A, Montenegro G (1984b) Distribution of monocharacter growth form types in mediterranean type communities of Chile, South Africa and Israel. Bull Soc Bot France 131, Actualités Botaniques 131:427–439

    Google Scholar 

  • Parsons DJ (1976) Vegetation structure in mediterranean scrub communities of California and Chile. J Ecol 64:435–447

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Quézel P (ed) (1982) Définition et Localisation des Ecosystèmes Méditerranéens Terrestres. Ecologia Mediterranea, Tome VIII, Marseille, France

    Google Scholar 

  • Rundel PW (1981) The matorral zone in central Chile. In di Castri F, Goodall WD, Specht RL (eds) Mediterranean Type Shrublands. Ecosystems of the World Vol. II, Elsevier, New York, pp 175–201

    Google Scholar 

  • Saiz F (1980) Experiencias en el uso de criterios de similitud en el estudio de comunidades. Arch Med Bio Exp 13:387–402

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schulze ED (1982) Plant life-forms and their carbon, water and nutrient relations. In Lange OL, Nobel PS, Osmond CB, Ziegler H (eds) Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, New Series, Vol. 12B. Springer, Berlin, pp 615–676

    Google Scholar 

  • Shmida A (1984) Convergence and non-convergence of mediterranean-type communities. Bull Soc Bot France, Actualités Botaniques 131:465–472

    Google Scholar 

  • Sokal RR, Rohlf FJ (1981) Biometry 2nd Ed. W. H. Freeman, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Solbrig OT (1984) Evolution of land-use patterns. Mountain Res Dev 4(2):135–149

    Google Scholar 

  • Solbrig OT, Orians GH (1977) The adaptive characteristics of desert plants. Am Sci 65:412–421

    Google Scholar 

  • Specht RL (ed) (1979) Heathlands and Related Shrublands. Ecosystems of the World, Vol. 9A & B. Elsevier, Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  • Specht RL (1981a) Ecophysiological principles determining the biogeography of major vegetation formations in Australia. In Keast A (ed) Ecological Biogeography of Australia. Dr. Junk Publishers, The Hague, pp 301–332

    Google Scholar 

  • Specht RL (1981b) Mallee ecosystems in southern Australia. In di Castri F, Goodall DW, Specht RL (eds) Mediterranean Type Shrublands. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 257–267

    Google Scholar 

  • Specht RL (1988) Mediterranean Type Ecosystems: A Data Source Book. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Tenhunen JD, Catarino FM, Lange OL, Oechel WC (eds) (1987) Plant Response to Stress: Functional Analysis in Mediterranean Ecosystems. Springer-Verlag, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Thrower NJW, Bradbury DE (eds) (1977) Chile-California Mediterranean Scrub Atlas: A Comparative Analysis. Dowden, Hutchinson and Ross, Stroudsburg, PA

    Google Scholar 

  • Trabaud L (1980) Impact Biologique et Écologique des Feux de Végétation sur l’Organisation, la Structure et l’Evolution de la Végétation des Zones de Garrigues de Bas-Languedoc. Thesis Académie de Montpellier. Centre d’Études Phytosoc Écol Louis Emberger, Montpellier

    Google Scholar 

  • Young TP, Smith AP (1987) Herbivory on alpine Mount Kenya. In Rundel P (ed) Tropical Alpine Systems: Plant Form and Function. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 185–205

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Gloria Montenegro
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Rosanna Ginocchio
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile

    Mary T. Kalin Arroyo

  2. Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182-0057, USA

    Paul H. Zedler

  3. School of Geography, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2033, Australia

    Marilyn D. Fox

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1995 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Montenegro, G., Ginocchio, R. (1995). Ecomorphological Characters as a Resource for Illustrating Growth-Form Convergence in Matorral, Chaparral, and Mallee. In: Arroyo, M.T.K., Zedler, P.H., Fox, M.D. (eds) Ecology and Biogeography of Mediterranean Ecosystems in Chile, California, and Australia. Ecological Studies, vol 108. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2490-7_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2490-7_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-7560-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-2490-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation