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Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology pp 1–86Cite as

Toxicology of Mono-, Di-, and Triethanolamine

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Part of the book series: Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology ((RECT,volume 149))

Abstract

The family of ethanolamines, including monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), and triethanolamine (TEA), offers a broad spectrum of application opportunities because they combine the properties of amines and alcohols. Ethanolamines exhibit the unique capability of undergoing reactions common to both groups. As amines, they are mildly alkaline and react with acids to form salts or soaps. As alcohols, they are hygroscopic and can be esterified. Thus, since their introduction in the late 1920s, the ethanolamines have found uses in such diverse areas as gas sweetening, where they remove carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide; metalworking, in which they act as corrosion inhibitors in synthetic fluids; textile processing, where they serve as intermediates for cationic softening agents, durable press fabric finishes, dye leveling agents, lubricants, and scouring agents; detergent and specialty cleaner formulations, in which they are used to form various amine salts and to control pH; and a slew of other applications ranging from concrete admixtures to flexible urethane foam catalysts to pharmaceuticals to agricultural chemicals and photographic emulsions (Dow Chemical 1988; Howe-Grant 1992; OCC 1995).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Occidental Chemical Corp., 360 Rainbow Boulevard South, Niagara Falls, NY, 14302, USA

    J. B. Knaak

  2. Union Carbide Corp., 39 Old Ridgebury Road, Danbury, CT, 06817, USA

    Hon-Wing Leung

  3. Toxicology Research Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI, 48640, USA

    W. T. Stott

  4. Chemical Manufacturers Association, 1300 Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, VA, 22209, USA

    J. B. Knaak, Hon-Wing Leung, W. T. Stott, J. Busch & J. Bilsky

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  1. J. B. Knaak
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  2. Hon-Wing Leung
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  3. W. T. Stott
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  4. J. Busch
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  5. J. Bilsky
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  1. Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721, USA

    George W. Ware

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Knaak, J.B., Leung, HW., Stott, W.T., Busch, J., Bilsky, J. (1997). Toxicology of Mono-, Di-, and Triethanolamine. In: Ware, G.W. (eds) Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, vol 149. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2272-9_1

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