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Tissue Engineering of Ligament Healing

  • Chapter
Gene Therapy and Tissue Engineering in Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine

Part of the book series: Methods in Bioengineering ((MB))

Abstract

Ligaments are parallel fibered, dense connective tissue structures that play an important role in mediating normal joint mechanics. These tissues also share in the transmission of forces with other articular tissues in order to provide joint stability. Thus, the rupture of a ligament will upset normal mobility and stability, causing abnormal joint kinematics and clinical symptoms. In the knee, ligament injuries frequently result from a direct blow or an indirect twisting motion during strenuous or sports activities. Ruptures of the medial collateral ligament (MCL), anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) are common and often result in chronic knee instability and eventual joint degeneration. The MCL is one of the most frequently injured ligaments in the knee. Miyasaka, Daniel, Stone, and Hirshman (1991) studied the incidence of the acute knee ligament injury in the general population. Of these injuries, 48% were isolated ACL injuries, 29% were isolated MCL injuries, and 13% were combined ACL/MCL injuries. If grade I injuries were included, 55% involved MCL injuries.

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Authors
  1. Savio L-Y. Woo
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  2. Nobuyoshi Watanabe
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  3. Kevin A. Hildebrand
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Growth and Development Laboratory Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Chilren’s Hospital of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213-2583, USA

    Johnny Huard

  2. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Musculoskeletal Research Center Center for Sports Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213-2583, USA

    Freddie H. Fu

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Woo, S.LY., Watanabe, N., Hildebrand, K.A. (2000). Tissue Engineering of Ligament Healing. In: Huard, J., Fu, F.H. (eds) Gene Therapy and Tissue Engineering in Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine. Methods in Bioengineering. Birkhäuser Boston. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2126-5_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2126-5_10

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