Adaptable Nasal Reconstruction with an Axial Forehead Flap

Abstract

Historically, the Indian method of nasal reconstruction with forehead flaps and Tagliacozzi’s arm flap methods are two of the earliest described procedures in the specialty that was to become plastic surgery. Now, extensive nasal defects are more likely due to ablation from tumor than from trauma. But despite the miraculous advances in our field, complex nasal defects—large nasal surface areas missing with underlying structural and/or lining defects—remain one of the toughest challenges in modern plastic surgery.