Abstract
Accurate staging is a critical step in caring for patients with cancer: it dictates not only the possible therapeutic options at the time of diagnosis, but also provides important prognostic information. Clinical staging of abdominal malignancies requires a thorough history and physical examination and may require endoscopic examinations, imaging studies, and laparoscopy. These modalities are complimentary, and each should be selected so that any information gained from the examination will alter treatment options. Laparoscopy is useful in combination with imaging studies for staging esophageal, gastric, hepatic, biliary, and pancreatic neoplasms [1]. Laparoscopy is particularly useful and cost-effective in reducing the number of nontherapeutic laparotomies with their associated morbidity, cost, and convalescence.
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Jackson, P.G., Rattner, D.W. (1998). Laparoscopy for Staging of Malignancy. In: Brooks, D.C. (eds) Current Review of Minimally Invasive Surgery. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1692-6_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1692-6_7
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-7247-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-1692-6
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