Abstract
Synchronization of menstrual cycles between donors and recipients is essential to successful outcome in oocyte donation cycles. Although menstruation is the most obvious outward manifestation of ovarian cycle phase, synchronization of embryo and endometrial development is critical to optimize the outcome of oocyte donation. Synchronization of endometrial and embryo development must occur during all reproductive cycles, but in oocyte donation, the trajectory of embryo development is determined by factors distinct from those that influence endometrial development. This situation presents challenges to the clinician charged with orchestrating this transaction, but also provides opportunities to the clinical scientist committed to increasing our understanding of these earliest steps of human reproduction. Despite the urgency of the need to increase knowledge in this area, progress has been hindered by the limited applicability of animal models and the lack of valid in vitro models for human implantation, as well as by ethical constraints on experimentation involving human embryos. Nonetheless, progress in the biological basis of implantation, including endometrial changes and preimplantation embryo development, as well as in the clinical science of oocyte donation have enabled us to begin to develop a rational approach to synchronization of donor and recipient cycles.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Yoshinaga K. Uterine receptivity for blastocyst implantation. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1988; 541: 424–431.
Psychoyos A, Martel D. Embryo-endometrial interactions at implantation. In: Edwards RG, Purby JM, Steptoe PC, eds. Implantation of the Human Embryo. New York: Academic Press; 1985: 195–218.
Psychoyos A. Hormonal control of uterine receptivity for nidation. J Reprod Fertil. 1976; (suppl 25): 17–28.
Psychoyos A. The nidation window: from basic to clinic. In: Dey SK, ed. Molecular and Cellular Aspects of Peri-Implantation Processes. Serono Symposia, Usa, 1995.
Yochim JM, De Feo V. Hormonal control of the onset, magnitude and duration of uterine sensitivity in the rat by steroid hormones in the ovary. Endocrinology. 1963; 72: 305–326.
Martel D, Malet C, Gautray JP, Psychoyos A. Surface changes of the luminal uterine epithelium during the human menstrual cycle: A scanning electron microscopy study. In: The Endometrium, Hormonal Impacts. New York: Plenum Press; 1981: 15–29.
Martel D, Frydman R, Sarantis L, Roche D, Psychoyos A. Scanning electron microscopy of the uterine luminal epithelium as a marker of the implantation window. In: Yoshinaga K, ed. Blastocyst Implantation. Boston, Mass: Adams Publishing Group; 1989: 225–234.
Psychoyos A, Prapas I. Inhibition of egg development and implantation in rats after post-coital administration of the progesterone antagonist RU 486. J Reprod Fertil. 1987; 80: 487–491.
Sarantis L, Roche D, Psychoyos A. Displacement of receptivity for nidation in the rat by the progesterone antagonist RU 486. A scanning electron microscopy study. Hum Reprod. 1988; 3: 251–255.
Navot D, Scott RT, Droesch K, Veeck LL, Liu HC, Rosenwaks Z. The window of embryo transfer and the efficiency of human conception in vitro. Fertil Steril. 1991; 55: 114–118.
Rosenwaks Z. Donor eggs: their application in modern reproductive technologies. Fertil Steril. 1987; 47: 895–909.
Mandelbaum J, Plachot M, Junca AM, Cohen J, Salat-Baroux J. Receptive and refractory period in human implantation. In: Glasser SR, Mulholland J, Psychoyos A, eds. Endocrinology of Embryo-Endometrium Interactions. New York: Plenum Press; 1994: 93–105.
Selesnyac MC. Nidation of the fertilized ovum. Endeavour. 1960; 19: 81.
Bolton VN. Implantation of human blastocysts following in vitro fertilization. In: Glasser SR, Mullholland J, Psychoyos A, eds. Endocrinology of Embryo-Endometrial Interactions. New York: Plenum Press; 1994: 107–120.
Edwards RG. Implantation, interception and contraception. Hum Reprod. 1994; 9: 985–995.
Kennedy TG, Martel D, Psychoyos A. Endometrial prostanglandin E2 binding during the estrus cycle and its hormonal control in ovariectomized rats. Biol Reprod. 1983; 29: 565–571.
Noyes RW, Hertig AT, Rock J. Dating the endometrial biopsy. Fertil Steril. 1950; 1: 3–25.
Nikas G, Drakakis P, Loutradis D, et al. Uterine pinopodes as markers of the “ nidation window” in cycling women receiving estradiol and progesterone. Hum Reprod. 1995; 10: 1208–1213.
Martel D, Frydman R, Glissant M, Maggioni C, Roche D, Psychoyos A. Scanning electron microscopy of postovulatory human endometrium in spontaneous cycles and cycles stimulated by hormone treatment. J Endocrin. 1987; 114: 319–324.
Lutjen P, Trounson A, Leeton J, Findlay J, Wood C, Renou P. The establishment and maintenance of pregnancy using in vitro fertilization and embryo donation in a patient with primary ovarian failure. Nature. 1984; 307: 174–175.
Navot D, Laufer N, Kolpovic J, et al. Artificially induced endometrial cycles and establishment of pregnancies in the absence of the ovaries. N Engl J Med. 1986; 314: 806–811.
Lewin A, Benshushan A, Mezker E, Yanai N, Schenker J, Goshen R. The role of estrogen support during the luteal phase of in vitro fertilization-embryo transplant cycles: a comparative study between progesterone alone and estrogen and progesterone support. Fertil Steril. 1994; 62: 121–125.
De Ziegler D, Cornel C, Bergeron C, Hazout A, Bouchard P, Frydman R. Controlled preparation of the endometrium with exogenous estradiol and progesterone in women having functioning ovaries. Fertil Steril. 1991; 56: 851–855.
Smitz J, Devroey P, Camus M, Deschacht J, Khan I, Staessen C. The luteal phase and early pregnancy after combined GnRH-a/HMG treatment for superovulation in IVF or GIFT. Hum Reprod. 1988; 3: 585–590.
Bergh PA, Navot D. The impact of embryonic development and endometrial maturity on the timing of implantation. Fertil Steril. 1992; 58: 537–542.
Younis SJ, Mordel N, Ligovetzky G, Lewin A, Schenker JG, Laufer N. The effect of a prolonged artificial follicular phase on endometrial development in an oocyte donation program. J In Vitro Fert Embryo Transf. 1991; 8: 84–88.
Johnson MH, Fleming TP. The expansion of the mouse blastocyst. In: Yoshinago K, ed. Blastocyst Implantation. Boston MA: Adams Publishing Group; 1989: 11–15.
Mclntosh JR. Structural and Mechanical Control of Mitotic Progression in the Cell Cycle. New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. Vol. LVI; 1991: 613–620.
Gardner DK, Leese HJ. Assessment of embryo viability prior to transfer by the non-invasive measurement of glucose uptake. J Exp Zool. 1987; 242: 103–105.
Ryan JP, O’Neill C. Embryo-derived and maternal factors associated with developmental potential and viability of preimplantation mammalian embryos. In: Van Blerkom J. The Biological Basis of Early Human Reproductive Failure. Oxford University Press; 1994: 375–406.
Ghosh D, Sengupta J. Endometrial receptivity for implantation. Hum Reprod. 1995; 10: 1–7.
Naaktgeboren N, Devroey P, Wisanto A, Traey E, Van Steirteghem AC. Endocrine profiles in early pregnancies with delayed implantation. Hum Reprod. 1986; 1: 9–14.
Abdalla HI, Babar R, Kirkland A, Leonard T, Power M, Studd JWW. A report on 100 cycles of oocyte donation: factors affecting the outcome. Hum Reprod. 1990; 5: 1018–1022.
Flamigni C, Borini A, Violini F, Bianchi L, Serrao L. Oocyte donation: comparison between recipients from different age groups. Hum Reprod. 1993; 8: 2088–2092.
Sauer MV, Paulson RJ, Lobo RA. A preliminary report on oocyte donation extending reproduction potential to women over 40. N Engl J Med. 1990; 323: 1157–1160.
Meldrum DR. Female reproductive aging-ovarian and uterine factors. Fertil Steril. 1993; 59: 1–5.
Navot D, Drews MR, Bergh PA, et al. Age related decline in female infertility is not due to diminished capacity of the uterus to sustain embryo implantation. Fertil Steril. 1994; 61: 97–101.
Borini A, Bafaro G, Violini F, Bianchi L, Casadio V, Flamigni C. Pregnancies in postmenopausal women over 50 years old in an oocyte donation program. Fertil Steril. 1995; 63: 258–261.
Marcus S, Edwards RG. High rates of pregnancy after long-term down-regulation of women with severe endometriosis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1994; 171: 812–817.
Flamigni C, Borini A. Counseling the post-menopausal women for donor IVF and HRT therapy. Hum Reprod. 1995; 10: 1237–1241.
Remohi J, Gallardo E, Guanes PP, Simon C, Pellicer A. Donor-recipient synchronization and the use of GnRH-a to avoid the premature luteinizing hormone surge in oocyte donation. Hum Reprod. 1995; 10(suppl 2): 84–90.
Psychoyos A. The high fertility of agonadal and amenorrhoeic women after oocyte donation. Hum Reprod. 1993; 8: 498–499.
Chatterjee A, Mukherjee AM. The aging uterus and its refractoriness to appropriate sex steroid in the development of deciduoma. Endokrinologie. 1974; 63: 166–168.
Saiduddin S, Zassenhaus HP. Estrous cycle, decidual cell reaction and uterine estrogen and progesterone receptor in fisher 344 virgin aging rats. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1979; 161: 119–122.
Ohta Y. Age-related decline in deciduogenic ability of the rat uterus. Biol Reprod. 1987; 37: 779–785.
Edwards RG. Clinical approaches to increasing uterine receptivity during human implantation. Hum Reprod. 1995; 10(suppl 2): 60–66.
Rosenwaks Z, Navot D, Veeck LL, et al. Oocyte donation— the Norfolk program. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1988; 541: 728–741.
Navot D, Anderson TL, Droech K, Scott RT, Kreiner D, Rosenwaks Z. Hormonal manipulation of endometrial maturation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1989; 68: 801–807.
Potter DA, Witz CA, Burns WN, Brzyski RG, Schenken RS. Endometrial biopsy during hormone replacement cycle in recipients prior to in vitro fertilization embryo transfer with donated oocytes. Presented at the 52nd Annual Meeting of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine, November 2–6, 1996.
Davis OK, Berkley AS, Nau GJ, Cholst IN, Freedman KS. The incidence of luteal phase defect in normal, fertile women determined by serial endometrial biopsies. Fertil Steril. 1989; 51: 582–586.
Grunfeld L, Walker B, Bergh PA, Sandier B, Hoffman G, Navot D. High resolution endovaginal ultrasonography of the endometrium: a non-invasive test for endometrial adequacy. Obstet Gynecol. 1991; 78: 200–204.
Dickey RP, Olar TT, Curole DN, Taylor SN, Rye PH. Endometrial pattern and thickness associated with pregnancy outcome after assisted reproductive technologies. Hum Reprod. 1992; 7: 418–421.
Somkuti SG, Appenzeller MF, Lessey BA. Advances in the assessment of endometrial function. In: Metzger, D, ed. The Endometrium, Infertility and Reproduction Medicine Clinics of North America. April 1995: 303–328.
Lutjen PJ, Findlay JK, Trounson AO, Leeton JF, Chan LK. Effect on plasma gonadotropins of cyclic steroid replacement in women with premature ovarian failure. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1986; 62: 419–423.
Lejeune B, Van Hoeck J, Leroy F. Transmitter role of the luminal epithelium in the induction of decidualization in rats. J Reprod Fertil. 1981; 61: 235–240.
Salat-Baroux J, Cornet D, Alvarez S, et al. Pregnancies after replacement of frozen-thawed embryos in a donation program. Fertil Steril. 1988; 49: 817–821.
Trounson A. Preservation of human eggs and embryos. Fertil Steril. 1986; 46: 1–12.
Serhal PF, Craft IL. Ovum donation— a simplified approach. Fertil Steril. 1987; 48: 265–269.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1998 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Prapas, Y., Wheeler, C., Keefe, D. (1998). Synchronization of Donors and Recipients. In: Sauer, M.V. (eds) Principles of Oocyte and Embryo Donation. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1640-7_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1640-7_7
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-7226-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-1640-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive