Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Indications, Success Rates, and Outcomes

  • Chapter
Principles of Oocyte and Embryo Donation

Abstract

The first successful oocyte donation was performed to treat infertility in a patient whose partner was azospermic and had failed previous trials of in- rauterine insemination using donor sperm.1 Since then the indications for ovum donation have evolved to include a large number of clinical conditions. More than 6,300 ovum donation cycles have been reported in the English literature2–120 since Trounson’s first publication in 1983, and the primary indications now include premature ovarian failure, incipient ovarian failure, inheritable conditions, and physiologic menopause. Increasingly, oocyte donation is also used in patients who have failed multiple attempts at in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Less frequently, it has also been recommended for patients with inaccessible ovaries and ovarian resistance syndrome. Table 2.1 lists the indications and the number of reported cases, and Figure 2.1 reflects each indication as a percentage of the total number of cases reported. This chapter discusses each indication and its significance to oocyte donation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Trounson A, Leeton J, Besanko M, Wood C, Conti A. Pregnancy established in an infertile patient after transfer of a donated embryo fertilized in vitro. Br Med J. 1983; 286: 835.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Abdalla HI, Leonard T. Cryopreserved zygote intrafallopian transfer for anonymous oocyte donation [letter]. Lancet. 1988; 1: 835.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Abdalla HI, Baber R, Kirkland A, Leonard T, Power M, Studd JWW. A comparison of tubal and intrauterine transfer of cryopreserved zygotes on an ovum donation program. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1989; 96: 1071.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Abdalla HI, Baber R, Kirkland A, Leonard T, Power M, Studd JWW. A report on 100 cycles of oocyte donation; factors affecting the outcome. Hum Reprod. 1990; 5: 1018.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Abdalla HI, Burton G, Kirkland A, et al. Age, pregnancy and miscarriage: uterine versus ovarian factors. Hum Reprod. 1993; 8: 1512.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Abdalla HI, Brooks AA, Johnson MR, Kirkland A, Thomas A, Studd JW. Endometrial thickness: a predictor of implantation in ovum recipients. Hum Reprod. 1994; 9: 363.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Ahuja KK, Simons EG, Fiamanya W, et al. Egg-sharing in assisted conception: ethical and practical considerations. Hum Reprod. 1996; 11: 1126.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. al-Khatib, Fakih H. Artificial hormonal replacement cycles have no advantage over hyperstimulated cycles in a gamete intrafallopian transfer oocyte donation program. Fertil Steril. 1995; 63: 1255.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Amit A, Yaron Y, Azem F, Peyser R, David MP, Lessing JB. Extended induction of ovulation by human menopausal gonadotropins and a gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog in high responders for in vitro fertilization and oocyte donation. J Reprod Med. 1995; 40: 633.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Antinori S, Versaci C, Hossein Glolami G, Panci C, Caffa B. Oocyte donation in menopausal women. Hum Reprod. 1993; 8: 1487.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Asch R, Balmaceda J, Ord T, et al. Oocyte donation and gamete intrafallopian transfer as treatment for premature ovarian failure. Lancet. 1987; 1: 687.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Asch R, Balmaceda J, Ord T, et al. Oocyte donation and gamete intrafallopian transfer in premature ovarian failure. Fertil Steril. 1988; 49: 263.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Ashkenazi J, Farhi J, Orvieto R, et al. Polycystic ovary syndrome patients as oocyte donors: the effect of ovarian stimulation protocol on implantation rate of the recipient. Fertil Steril. 1995; 64: 564.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Balmaceda JP, Alam V, Roszjtein D, Ord T, Snell K, Asch RH. Embryo implantation rates in oocyte donation: a prospective comparison of tubal versus uterine factors. Fertil Steril. 1992; 57: 362.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Balmaceda JP, Bernardini L, Ciuffardi I, et al. Oocyte donation in humans: a model to study the effect of age on embryo implantation rate. Hum Reprod. 1994; 9: 2160.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Ben-Nun I, Ghetler Y, Gruber A, Jaffe R, Fejgin M. Egg donation in an in vitro fertilization program: an alternative approach to cycle synchronization and timing of embryo transfer. Fertil Steril. 1989; 52: 683.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Borini A, Bafaro G, Violini F, Bianchi L, Casadio V, Flamigni C. Pregnancies in postmenopausal women over 50 years old in an oocyte donation program. Fertil Steril. 1995; 63: 258.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Borini A. Oocyte donation and pregnancy in women over 50. Assist Reprod Rev. 1994; 4: 60.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Borrero C, Remohi J, Ord T, Balmeceda JP, Rojas F, Asch RH. A program of oocyte donation and gamete intra-fallopian transfer. Hum Reprod. 1989; 4: 275.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Brooks AA, Johnson MR, Steer PJ, Pawson ME, Abdalla HI. Birth weight: nature or nurture. Early Hum Develop. 1995; 42: 29.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Burton G, Abdalla HI, Kirkland A, Studd JWW. The role of oocyte donation in women who are unsuccessful with in-vitro fertilization treatment. Hum Reprod. 1992; 7: 1103.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Bustillo M, Buster JE, Cohen S, et al. Nonsurgical ovum transfer as a treatment in infertile women: preliminary experience. JAMA. 1984; 251: 1171.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Bustillo M, Krysa LW, Coulam CB. Uterine receptivity in an oocyte donation programme. Hum Reprod. 1995; 10: 442.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Buster JE, Bustillo M, Thorneycroft IH, et al. Non-surgical transfer of in vivo fertilized donated ova to five infertile women: report of two pregnancies. Lancet. 1983; 1: 223.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Cameron IT, Rodgers PA, Caro C, Harman J, Healy DL, Leeton JF. Oocyte donation: a review. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1989; 96: 893.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Cano F, Simon C, Remohi J, Pellicer A. Effect of aging in the female reproductive system: evidence for a role of uterine senescence in the decline in female fecundity. Fertil Steril. 1995; 64: 584.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Cha KY, Koo JJ, Ko JJ, Choi DH, Han SY, Yoon TK. Pregnancy after in vitro fertilization of human follicular oocytes collected from nonstimulated cycles, their culture in vitro and their transfer in a donor oocyte program. Fertil Steril 1991; 55: 109.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Chan CLK, Cameron IT, Findlay JK, et al. Oocyte donation and in vitro fertilization for hypergonadotropic hypogonadism: clinical state of the ART. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 1987; 42: 350.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Check JH, Nowroozi K, Chase JS, Goldsmith G. Pregnancy rates in donors/recipients using the same pool of oocytes. ARTA. 1992; 3: 49.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Check JH, Nowroozi K, Chase J, Nazari A, Braithwaite C. Comparison of pregnancy rates following in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer between the donors and the recipients in a donor oocyte program. J Assist Reprod Genet. 1992; 9: 248.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Check JH, Nowroozi K, Choe J, Lurie D, Dietterich C. The effect of endo-metrial thickness and echo pattern on in vitro fertilization outcome in donor oocyte-embryo transfer cycle. Fertil Steril. 1993; 59: 72.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Check JH, Askari AH, Fisher C, Vanaman L. The use of a shared donor oocyte program to evaluate the effect of uterine senescence. Fertil Steril. 1994; 61: 252.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Check JH. The use of the donor oocyte program to evaluate embryo implantation. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1994; 734: 198.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Check JH, O’Shaughnessy A, Lurie D, Fisher C, Adelson HG. Evaluation of the mechanism for higher pregnancy rates in donor oocyte recipients by comparison of fresh with frozen embryo transfer pregnancy rates in a shared oocyte programme. Hum Reprod. 1995; 10: 3022.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Colabianchi J, Carizza C, Antiba A, Alarcon M, Albertali I, Palazzi J. Our experience in donor oocyte programme. Abstracts of the 9th Annual Meeting of the ESHRE, Thessaloniki, Greece, June 27-30, 1993. Hum Reprod. 1993; 8: 157 (P 474).

    Google Scholar 

  36. Cornet D, Alvarez S, Antoine JM, et al. Pregnancies following ovum donation in gonadal dysgenesis. Hum Reprod. 1990; 5: 291.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Correy JF, Leeton JF, Watkins RA, Bradfield GF, Garner S, Watson S. Donor oocyte pregnancy with transfer of deep-frozen embryo. Fertil Steril. 1988; 49: 534.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Darder MC, Epstein YM, Treiser SL, Comito CE, Rosenberg HS, Dzingala L. The effects of prior gravidity on the outcomes of ovum donor and own oocyte cycles. Fertil Steril. 1996; 65: 578.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Devroey P, Wisanto A, Camus M, et al. Oocyte donation in patients without ovarian function. Hum Reprod. 1988; 3: 699.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Devroey P, Smitz J, Camus M, et al. Synchronization of donor’s and recipient’s cycles with GnRH analogues in an oocyte donation programme. Hum Reprod. 1989; 4: 270.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Devroey P, Camus M, Van den Abbeel E, Van Waesberghe L, Wisanto A, Van Steirteghem AC. Establishment of 22 pregnancies after oocyte and embryo donation. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1989; 96: 900.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. de Ziegler D, Frydman R. Different implantation rates after transfers of cryo-preserved embryos originating from donated oocytes or from regular in vitro fertilization. Fertil Steril. 1990; 54: 682.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. de Ziegler D, Fanchin R, Massonneau M, Bergeron C, Frydman R, Bouchard P. Hormonal control of endometrial receptivity. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1994; 734: 209.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Droesch K, Navot D, Scott R, Kreiner D, Lui HC, Rosenwaks Z. Transdermal estrogen replacement in ovarian failure for ovum donation. Fertil Steril. 1988; 50: 931.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Edwards RG, Morcos S, Macnamee M, Balmaceda JP, Walters DE, Asch R. High fecundity of ameorrhoeic women in embryo-transfer programmes. Lancet. 1991; 338: 292.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Feichtinger W, Kemeter. Pregnancy after total ovariectomy achieved by ovum donation. Lancet. 1985; 2: 722.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Flamigni C. Egg donation to women over 40 years of age. Hum Reprod. 1993; 8: 1343.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Flamigni C, Borini A, Violini F, Bianchi L, Serrao L. Oocyte donation: comparison between recipients from different age groups. Hum Reprod. 1993; 8: 2088.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Flamigni C, Borini A. Counselling post-menopausal women for donor in-vitro fertilization and hormone replacement. Hum Reprod. 1995; 10: 1237.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Formigli L, Formigli G, Roccio C. Donation of fertilized uterine ova to infertile women. Fertil Steril. 1987; 47: 162.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Formigli L, Roccio C, Belotti G, Stangalini A, Coglitore MT, Formigli G. Oocyte donation by gamete intra-fallopian transfer to amenorrhoeic and cycling patients given replacement steroids. Hum Reprod. 1989; 4: 772.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Fraidakis M, Mehta JG, Gasparis P, Magarakis E, Anifanataki A, Grudzinkas JG. Transport IVF: a new concept in oocyte donation. Abstracts of the 10th Annual Meeting of the ESHER, Brussels, Belgium, June 27–29. Hum Reprod. 1994; 9: 129 (O16).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Frydman R, Letur-Konirsch H, de Ziegler D, Bydlowski M, Raoul-Duval A, Selva J. A protocol for satisfying the ethical issues raised by oocyte donation: the free, anonymous, and fertile donors. Fertil Steril. 1990; 53: 666.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Greener G, Wisot A, Cumberland C, Hamilton F, Meldrum D. Outcome of oocyte donation: prognostic value of recipient’s primary diagnosis. Abstract of The IXth World Congress on IVF and Alternate Reproduction. Vienna, Austria, April 3-7, 1995. J Assist Reprod Genet. 1995; 12: 143S (PP-84).

    Google Scholar 

  55. Hens L, Devroey P, Van Waesberghe L, Bonduelle M, Van Steirteghem AC, Liebaers I. Chromosome studies and fertility treatment in women with ovarian failure. Clin Genet. 1989; 36: 81.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Kennard EAD, Collins RL, Blankstein J, et al. A program for matched, anonymous oocyte donation. Fertil Steril. 1989; 51: 655.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Junca AM, Cohen J, Mandelbaum J, et al. Anonymous and non-anonymous oocyte donation preliminary results. Hum Reprod. 1988; 3: 121.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Leeton J, Trouson A, Wood C. The use of donor eggs and embryos in the management of human infertility. Aust NZ J Obstet Gynaecol. 1984; 24: 265.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Levran D, Dor J, Rudak E, et al. Pregnancy potential of human oocytes— the effect of cryopreservation. N Engl J Med. 1990; 323: 1153.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Levran D, Ben-Shlomo I, Dor J, Ben-Rafael Z, Nebel L, Mashiach S. Aging of endometrium and oocytes: observations on conception and abortion rates in an egg donation model. Fertil Steril. 1991; 56: 1091.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Lutjen P, Trouson A, Leeton J, Findlay J, Wood C, Renou P. The establishment and maintenance of pregnancy using IVF and embryo donation in a patient with primary ovarian failure. Nature. 1984; 307: 174.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Lydic ML, Liu JH, Rebar RW, Thomas MA, Cedars MI. Success of donor oocyte in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer in recipients with and without premature ovarian failure. Fertil Steril. 1996; 65: 98.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Maloul S, Ciufarrdi I, Patrizio P, Ord T, Balmaceda JP, Asch RH. Banking embryos in poor responders: a way to improve pregnancy rate. Abstracts from the 43rd Annual Meeting of the Pacific Coast Fertility Society. Coronado, California, April 26–30, 1995. Fertil Steril Suppl. 1995; pA33 (P53).

    Google Scholar 

  64. Mantzavinos T, Nikolaos K, Konstantinos M. Ovarian pregnancies after oocyte donation in three menopausal patients treated by laparoscopy. J Assist Reprod Genet. 1994; 11: 319.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Meldrum DR, Wisot A, Hamilton F, Gutlay-Yeo AL, Marr B, Huynh D. Artificial agonadism and hormone replacement for oocyte donation. Fertil Steril. 1989; 52: 509.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Meldrum DR. Female reproductive aging-ovarian and uterine factors. Fertil Steril. 1993; 59: 1.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Meldrum, DR, Rivier J, Garzo G, Wisot A, Stubbs C, Hamilton F. Unstimulated cycle oocyte donation using the Nal-Glu antagonist of gonadotropin releasing hormone. Abstracts of The 8th World Congress on In-Vitro Fertilization and Alternate Assisted Reproduction. Kyoto, Japan, September 12–15, 1993. J Assist Reprod Genet. 1993; 10: 145 (OC155).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  68. Michalas S, Loutradis D, Drakakis P, et al. A flexible protocol for the induction of recipient endometrial cycles in an oocyte donation programme. Hum Reprod. 1996; 11: 1063.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Moomjy M, Cholst I, Davis OK, Applegarth LD, Rosenwaks Z. Donor oocytes in assisted reproduction. Semin Reprod Endocrinol. 1995; 13: 173.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  70. Navot D, Laufer N, Kopolovic J, et al. Artificially induced endometrial cycles and establishment of pregnancies in the absence of ovaries. N Engl J Med. 1986; 314: 806.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Navot D, Anderson TL, Droesch K, Scott RT, Kreiner D, Rosenwaks Z. Hormonal manipulation of endometrial maturation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1989; 68: 801.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Navot D, Bergh PA, Williams M, et al. Poor oocyte quality rather than implantation failure as a cause of age-related decline in female fertility. Lancet. 1991; 337: 1375.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Navot D, Bergh PA, Williams M, et al. An insight into early reproductive processes through the in vivo model of ovum donation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1991; 72: 408.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Navot D, Drews MR, Bergh PA, et al. Age-related decline in female fertility is not due to diminished capacity of the uterus to sustain embryo implantation. Fertil Steril. 1994; 61: 97.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Pados G, Camus M, Van Waesberghe L, Liebaers I, Van Steirteghem A, Devroey P. Oocyte and embryo donation: evaluation of 412 consecutive trials. Hum Reprod. 1992; 7: 1111.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Pantos K, Meimeti-Damianaki T, Vaxevannoglou T, Kapetanakis E. Oocyte donation in menopausal women aged over 40 years. Hum Reprod. 1993; 8: 488.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Pantos K. T. Meimeth-Damianaki, T. Vaxevanoglou, E. Kapetanakis. Pregnancies in menopausal women using oocyte donation. Abstracts of the 8th World Congress on In-Vitro Ferlitization and Alternate Assisted Reproduction. Kyoto, Japan, September 12-15, 1993. J Assist Reprod Genet. 1993; 10: 147 (OC160).

    Google Scholar 

  78. Paulson RJ, Sauer MV. Pregnancies in post-menopausal women. Hum Reprod. 1994; 9: 571.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Pellicer A, Matallin P, Miro F, Rivera J, Bonilla-Musoles FM. Progesterone versus dehydrogesterone as replacement therapy in women with premature ovarian failure. Hum Reprod. 1989; 4: 777.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Press F, Shapiro HM, Cowell CA, Oliver GD. Outcome of ovum donation in Turner’s syndrome patients. Fertil Steril. 1995; 64: 995.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Quigley MM, Collins RL, Schover LR. Establishment of an oocyte donor program. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1991; 626: 445.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Remohi J, Vidal A, Pellicer A. Oocyte donation in low responders to conventional ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization. Fertil Steril. 1993; 59: 1208.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Righini R, Fanchin R, Olivennes F, et al. Premature elevation in plasma progesterone does not affect embryo quality in IVF. Abstract of the 10th Annual Meeting of the ESHRE, Brussels, Belgium, June 27-29, 1994. Hum Reprod. 1994; 9: 14 (O-16).

    Google Scholar 

  84. Rosenwaks Z, Veeck LL, Liu HC. Pregnancy following transfer of in vitro fertilized donated oocytes. Fertil Steril. 1986; 45: 417.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Rosenwaks Z. Donor eggs: their application in modern reproductive technologies. Fertil Steril. 1987; 47: 895.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Rotsztejn DA, Remohi J, Weckstein LN, et al. Results of tubal embryo transfer in premature ovarian failure. Fertil Steril. 1990; 54: 348.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Salat-Baroux J, Cornet D, Alvarez C, et al. Pregnancies after replacement of frozen-thawed embryos in a donation program. Fertil Steril. 1988; 49: 817.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Sauer MV, Bustillo M, Gorrill MJ, Louw JA, Marshall JR, Buster JE. An instrument for the recovery of preimplantation uterine ova. Obstet Gynecol. 1988; 71: 804.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Sauer MV, Anderson RE, Paulson RJ. A trial of superovulation in ovum donors undergoing uterine lavage. Fertil Steril. 1989; 51: 131.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Sauer MV, Paulson RJ, Macaso TM, Francis-Hernandez M, Lobo RA. Establishment of a nonanonymous donor oocyte program: preliminary experience at the University of Southern California. Fertil Steril. 1989; 52: 433.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Sauer MV, Paulson RJ, Lobo RA. A preliminary report on oocyte donation extending reproductive potential to women over 40. N Engl J Med. 1990; 323: 1157.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Sauer MV, Paulson RJ. Human oocyte and pre-embryo donation: an evolving method for the treatment of infertility. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1990; 163: 1421.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Sauer MV, Paulson RJ, Macaso TM, Francis MM, Lobo RA. Oocyte and pre-embryo donation to women with ovarian failure: an extended clinical trial. Fertil Steril. 1991; 55: 39.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Sauer MV, Paulson RJ. Understanding the current status of oocyte donation in the United States: what’s really going on out there? Fertil Steril. 1992; 58: 16.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Sauer MV, Paulson RJ, Lobo RA. Reversing the natural decline in human fertility. JAMA. 1992; 268: 1275.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Sauer MV, Miles RA, Dahmoush L, Paulson RJ, Press M, Moyer D. Evaluating the effect of age on endometrial responsiveness to hormone replacement therapy: a histologic, ultrasonographic, and tissue receptor analysis. J Assist Reprod Genet. 1993; 10: 47.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Sauer MV, Paulson RJ, Lobo RA. Pregnancy after age 50: application of oocyte donation to women after natural menopause. Lancet. 1993; 341: 321.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Sauer MV, Paulson RJ, Ary BA, Lobo RA. Three hundred cycles of oocyte donation at the University of Southern California: assessing the effect of age and infertility diagnosis on pregnancy and implantation rates. J Assist Reprod Genet. 1994; 11: 92.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Sauer MV, Paulson RJ, Lobo RA. Pregnancy in women 50 or more years of age: outcomes of 22 consecutively established pregnancies from oocyte donation. Fertil Steril. 1995; 64: 111.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Sauer MV, Lee S, Ghalie R, Kaizer H. Successful pregnancy in a bone marrow transplant recipient following oocyte donation. J Assist Reprod Genet. 1995; 12: 294.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. Seibel MM. Toward reducing risks and costs of egg donation: a preliminary report. Fertil Steril. 1995; 64: 199.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Serafini P, Tran C, Tan T, Nelson J, Batzofin, J. Results from IVF surrogacy and oocyte donation suggest that oocyte rather than uterine failure is responsible for age related decline in fertility. Abstracts of the 8th World Congress on In-Vitro Fertilization and Alternate Assisted Reproduction. Kyoto, Japan, September 12-15, 1993. J Assist Reprod Genet. 1993; 10: 146 (OC158).

    Google Scholar 

  103. Serafini P, Nelson J, Tan T, et al. Third party reproductive alternatives for the treatment of sterility. Abstracts from the 43rd Annual Meeting of the Pacific Coast Fertility Society: April 26–30,1995. Fertil Steril Suppl. 1995; pA16 (P11).

    Google Scholar 

  104. Serhal PF, Craft IL. Ovum donation— a simplified approach. Fertil Steril. 1987; 48: 265.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Serhal PF, Craft IL. Oocyte donation in 61 patients. Lancet. 1989; 2: 1185.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  106. Sher G, Feinman M. High fecundity rates in donor oocyte recipients and in vitro fertilization surrogates using paranteral estradiol valerate. Abstracts of the 8th World Congress on In-Vitro Fertilization and Alternate Assisted Reproduction. Kyoto, Japan, September 12-–15, 1993. J Assist Reprod Genet. 1993; 10: 236 (PP-44).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  107. Simon C, Gutierrez A, Vidal A, et al. Outcome of patients with endometriosis in assisted reproduction: results from in-vitro fertilization and oocyte donation. Hum Reprod. 1994; 9: 725.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Talbert LM, Novik BR, Johnson P. The use of donated oocytes for the treatment of infertility. N Car Med J. 1994; 10: 483.

    Google Scholar 

  109. Trouson A, Leeton J, Besanko M, Wood C, Conti A. Pregnancy established in an infertile patient after transfer of a donated embryo fertilized in vivo. Br Med J. 1983; 286: 35,183.

    Google Scholar 

  110. Tzeng CR, Chen FC, Chang SR, et al. Embryo transfer window and luteo-placental shift in donor egg program. Abstracts of the 8th World Congress on In-Vitro Fertilization and Alternate Assisted Reproduction. Kyoto, Japan, September 12-15, 1993. J Assist Reprod Genet. 1993; 10: 144 (OC153).

    Google Scholar 

  111. Tarlatzis BC, Bontis J, Gribizis G, Tybanidis J. Factors affecting the achievement of pregnancy after oocyte/embryo donation. Abstracts of the 8th World Congress on In-Vitro Fertilization and Alternate Assisted Reproduction. Kyoto, Japan, September 12-15,1993. J Assist Reprod Genet. 1993; 10: 235 (PP-43).

    Google Scholar 

  112. Weckstein LN, Jacobson A, Galen D, Hampton K, Hammel J. Low dose aspirin for oocyte donation recipients with a thin endometrium, a prospective randomized study. Abstracts from the 43rd Annual Meeting of the Pacific Coast Fertility Society, Coronado, California, April 26–30, 1995. Fertil Steril Suppl. 1995; pA4 (O11).

    Google Scholar 

  113. Yaron Y, Botchan A, Amit A, Kogosowski A, Yovel I, Lessing JB. Endometrial receptivity: the age-related decline in pregnancy rates and the effect of ovarian function. Fertil Steril. 1993; 660: 314.

    Google Scholar 

  114. Yaron Y, Amit A, Brenner S, Peyser MR, David MP, Lessing JB. In vitro fertilization and oocyte donation in women 45 years of age and older. Fertil Steril. 1995; 63: 71.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Yaron Y, Amit A, Mani A, et al. Uterine preparation with estrogen for oocyte donation assessing the effect of treatment duration on pregnancy rates. Fertil Steril. 1995; 63: 1284.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Yovel I, Yaron Y, Amit A, Peyser MR, David MP, Kogosowski A, Lessing JB. High progesterone levels adversely affect embryo quality and pregnancy rates in in vitro fertilization and oocyte donation programs. Fertil Steril. 1995; 64: 128.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. Yovich JL, Blackledge DG, Richardson PA, et al. PROST for ovum donation. Lancet. 1987; 2: 1209.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  118. Yovich JL, Blackledge DG, Richardson PA, Matson PL, Turner SR, Draper R. Pregnancies following pronuclear stage tubal transfer. Fertil Steril. 1987; 48: 851.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Zegers-Hochschild F, Fernandez E, Fabres C, et al. Pregnancy rate in an oocyte donation program. J Assist Reprod Genet. 1992; 9: 350.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. Zinger M, Zapantis G, Amin H, et al. Implantation and pregnancy rates among recipients of different ages. Abstracts from the 43rd Annual Meeting of the Pacific Coast Fertility Society, Coronado, California, April 26–30,1995. Fertil Steril Suppl. 1995; pA33 (P53).

    Google Scholar 

  121. Coulam CB, Adamson SC, Annegers JF. Incidence of premature ovarian failure. Obstet Gynecol. 1986; 67: 604.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Coulam CB. Premature ovarian failure. Fertil Steril. 1982; 38: 645.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. Golonka JE, Goodman AD. Coexistence of primary ovarian insufficiency, primary adrenocortical insufficiency, and idiopathic hypoparathyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1968; 28: 79.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Irvine WJ, Chan MMW, Scarth L, et al. Immunological aspects of premature ovarian failure associated with idiopathic Addison’s disease. Lancet. 1968; 2: 883.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. Vasquez AM, Kenny FM. Ovarian failure and antiovarian antibodies in association with hypoparathyroidism, moniliasis, and Addison’s and Hashimoto’s disease. Obstet Gynecol. 1973; 41: 414.

    Google Scholar 

  126. Jackson RA, Haynes BF, Burch WM, Shimizuk K, Bowring MA, Eisenbarth GS. Ia + T cells in new onset Graves’ disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1984; 59: 187.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Rabinowe SL, Jackson RA, Dluhy RG, Williams GH. Ia + T-lymphocytes in recently diagnosed idiopathic Addison’s disease. Am J Med. 1984; 77: 597.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. Luborsky JL, Visintin S, Boyers T, Asari T, Caldwell B, De Cherney A. Ovarian antibodies detected by immobilized antigen immunoassay in patients with premature ovarian failure. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1990; 70: 69.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. Rebar RW, Erickson GF, Yen SSC. Idiopathic premature ovarian failure: clinical and endocrine characteristics. Fertil Steril. 1982; 37: 35.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. McNatty KP, Short RV, Barnes EW, Irvine WJ. The cytotoxic effect of serum from patients with Addison’s disease and autoimmune ovarian failure on human granulosa cells in culture. Clin Exp Immunol. 1975; 22: 378.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. Siris ES, Leventhal BG, Vaitukiatus JL. Effects of childhood leukemia and chemotherapy on puberty and reproductive function in girls. N Engl J Med. 1976; 294: 1143.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Byrne J, Mulvihill JJ, Myers MH, et al. Effects of treatment on fertility in long-term survivors of childhood cancer. N Engl J Med. 1987; 55: 598.

    Google Scholar 

  133. Gradishar WJ, Schilsky. Ovarian function following radiation and chemotherapy. Semin Oncol. 1989; 16: 425.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Wallace WH, Shalet SM, Crowne EC, Morris-Jones PH, Gattamanen HR. Ovarian failure following abdominal irradiation in childhood: natural history and prognosis. Clin Oncol. 1989; 1: 75.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. Asch P. The influence of radiation on fertility in man. Br J Radiol. 1980; 53: 271.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  136. Dewald GW, Spurbeck JL. Sex chromosome anomalies associated with premature gonadal failure. Semin Reprod Endocrinol. 1983; 1: 79.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  137. Krauss CM, Turksoy RN, Atkins L. Familial premature ovarian failure due to an interstitial deletion of the long arm of the X chromosome. N Engl J Med. 1987; 317: 125.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. Blizzard RM. The incidence of parathyroid and other antibodies in the area of patients with idiopathic hypoparathyroidism. Clin Exp Immunol. 1966; 1: 119.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. Levy HL, Driscoll SG, Porensky RS, Wander DF. Ovarian failure in galactosemia. N Engl J Med. 1984; 310: 50.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  140. Maxon WS, Wentz AC. The gonadotropin resistant ovary syndrome. Semin Reprod Endocrinol. 1983; 1: 147.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  141. Scott RT, Toner JP, Muasher SJ, Oehninger S, Robinson S, Rosenwaks Z. Follicle-stimulating hormone levels on cycle day 3 are predictive of in vitro fertilization outcome. Fertil Steril. 1989; 51: 651.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  142. Balen AH, MacDougall J, Tan SL. The influence of the number of embryos transferred in 1060 in vitro fertilization pregnancies on miscarriage rates and pregnancy outcome. Hum Reprod. 1993; 8: 1324.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. Medical Research International and the American Fertility Society Special Interest Group. In vitro fertilization/embryo transfer in the United States: 1985 and 1986 results from the National IVF/ET Registry. Fertil Steril. 1988; 49: 212.

    Google Scholar 

  144. Medical Research International and the American Fertility Society Special Interest Group. In vitro fertilization/embryo transfer in the United States: 1987 results from the National IVF/ET Registry. Fertil Steril. 1989; 51: 13.

    Google Scholar 

  145. Medical Research International and the American Fertility Society Special Interest Group. In vitro fertilization/embryo transfer in the United States: 1988 results from the National IVF/ET Registry. Fertil Steril. 1990; 53: 13.

    Google Scholar 

  146. Medical Research International and the American Fertility Society Special Interest Group. In vitro fertilization/embryo transfer in the United States: 1989 results from the National IVF/ET Registry. Fertil Steril. 1991; 55: 14.

    Google Scholar 

  147. Medical Research International and the American Fertility Society Special Interest Group. In vitro fertilization/embryo transfer in the United States: 1990 results from the National IVF/ET Registry. Fertil Steril. 1992; 57: 15.

    Google Scholar 

  148. Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology. Assisted reproductive technology in the United States: 1991 results for assisted reproductive technology generated from the American Fertility Society registry. Fertil Steril. 1993; 59: 956.

    Google Scholar 

  149. Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology. Assisted reproductive technology in the United States: 1992 results for assisted reproductive technology generated from the American Fertility Society registry. Fertil Steril. 1994; 62: 1121.

    Google Scholar 

  150. Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology. Assisted reproductive technology in the United States: 1993 results for assisted reproductive technology generated from the American Fertility Society registry. Fertil Steril. 1995; 64: 13.

    Google Scholar 

  151. Bopp BL, Alper MM, Thompson IE, Mortola J. Success rates with gamete intrafallopian transfers and in vitro fertilization in women of advanced maternal age. Fertil Steril. 1995; 63: 1278.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. Cunningham FG, Levenok J. Pregnancy after 35. In: Cunningham FG, MacDonald PC, Gant NF, eds. Williams Obstetrics, 18th ed., suppl #2. Norwalk, Conn: Apple ton-Century Crofts; 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  153. Turner HH. A syndrome of infantilism, congenital webbed neck, and cubitus valgus. Endocrinology. 1938; 23: 566.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  154. Reindollar RH, Byrd JR, McDonough PG. Delayed sexual development: a study of 252 patients. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1981; 140: 371.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  155. Lippe B. Turner syndrome. Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am. 1990; 20: 121.

    Google Scholar 

  156. Grumbach MM, Conte FA. Disorders of sex differentiation. In: Wilson J, Foster, ed. Williams’ Textbook of Endocrinology, 7th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co. 1985; 423.

    Google Scholar 

  157. Coulam CB. Testicular regression syndrome. Obstet Gynecol. 1979; 53: 44.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  158. Kajii T, Ferrier A. Cytogenetics of aborters and abortuses. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1978; 1313: 33.

    Google Scholar 

  159. Carr DH. Cytogenetic aspects of induced and spontaneous abortions. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 1972; 15: 203.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  160. Dewold GW, Michels VV. Recurrent miscarriages: cytogenetic causes and genetic counseling of affected families. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 1986; 29: 865.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  161. Jacobs PA, Frackiewicz A, Law P, Hilditch CJ, Morton NE. The effect of structural aberrations of the chromosomes on reproductive fitness in man. Clin Genet. 1975; 8: 169.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  162. Munne S, Weier HUG, Stein J, Grifo J, Cohen J. A fast and efficient method for simultaneous X and Y in-situ hybridization of human blastomeres. J Assist Reprod Genet. 1993; 10: 82.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Steven R. Lindheim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center, 622 West 168th Street, PH16-28, New York, NY, 10032-3784, USA

    Mark V. Sauer

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1998 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Lindheim, S.R. (1998). Indications, Success Rates, and Outcomes. In: Sauer, M.V. (eds) Principles of Oocyte and Embryo Donation. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1640-7_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1640-7_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-7226-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-1640-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation