Abstract
Lead is very widely used in industry, and its toxic effects even at very low concentrations are well known (WHO 1977,WHO 1989,WHO 1993). It is possible to find lead in all environmental and biological systems. Because it is toxic to most living organisms at high exposures and has no demonstrated biological need, the major issue regarding lead is at what dose does it become toxic. Children are a very sensitive population, and with a low dose they can show symptoms of intoxication. The principal routes of exposure are usually environmental and industrial. Lead in air from the combustion of lead-containing automobile exhaust or industrial emissions is a common example of environmental exposure. Contaminated food and beverages are also other important sources of lead intake.
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Mañay, N., Pereira, L., Cousillas, Z. (1999). Lead Contamination in Uruguay. In: Ware, G.W. (eds) Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, vol 159. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1496-0_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1496-0_2
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