Abstract
For practical clinical purposes and for understanding the physiology and pathophysiology of venous return from the lower limb, particularly the ankle and calf, it is convenient to distinguish between three major venous systems in the leg (Figure 82.1): (1) the veins deep to the fascia cruris, (2) the superficial veins in the subcutis (i.e., the saphenous veins and their tributaries), and (3) the communicating veins connecting the superficial veins to the deep venous system.
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Arnoldi, C.C. (2000). Physiology and Pathophysiology of Venous Return From the Lower Leg. In: Chang, J.B. (eds) Textbook of Angiology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1190-7_82
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1190-7_82
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