Skip to main content

Alaska Timber Harvest and Fish Habitat

  • Chapter
Freshwaters of Alaska

Part of the book series: Ecological Studies ((ECOLSTUD,volume 119))

Abstract

Fishing and timber harvest are major industries in Alaska. If not carefully planned and conducted, timber harvest and associated road construction may adversely affect anadromous fish habitat, which has sometimes brought these industries into conflict.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • ADCED [Alaska Department of Commerce and Economic Development] (1990) Alaska forest products manufacturer’s directory—1990. ADCED, Division of Business Development, Juneau.

    Google Scholar 

  • ADEC [Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation] (1990) Alaska nonpoint source pollution control strategy. ADEC, Division of Environmental Quality, Water Quality Management Section, Juneau.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alaska Forest Research Center (1957) Pulp logging on salmon spawning streams. In Biennial report for 1956-1957. U.S. Forest Sevice, Alaska Forest Research Center, Juneau, 35–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alaska Forest Research Center (1960) Watershed management research. In Biennial report 1958-1959. U.S. Forest Service, Alaska Forest Research Center, Juneau, 19–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bartos L (1989) A new look at low flows after logging. In Alexander EB (Ed) Proc Watershed’ 89. U.S. Forest Service, Alaska Region, R10-MB-77, Juneau, Alaska, 95–98.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bartos L (1993) Stream discharge related to basin geometry and geology, before and after logging. In Brock T (Ed) Proc Watershed’ 91. U.S. Forest Service, R10-MB-217, Juneau, Alaska, 29–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beschta RL, Bilby RE, Brown GW, Holtby LB, Hofstra TD (1987) Stream temperature and aquatic habitat: Fisheries and forestly interactions. In Salo EO, Cundy TW (Eds) Streamside management: Forestry and fishery interactions. College of Forest Resources, University of Washington, Contribution 57, Seattle, 191–232.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bilby RE, Likens GE (1980) Importance of organic debris dams in the structure and function of stream ecosystems. Ecology 61:1107–1113.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bishop DM, Stevens ME (1964) Landslides on logged areas in southeast Alaska. Northern Forest Research Station, U.S. Forest Service, Research Paper NOR-1, Juneau, Alaska.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bisson PA, Bilby RE (1982) Avoidance of suspended sediment by juvenile coho salmon. Nor Am J Fish Manage 4:371–374.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bisson PA, Bilby RE, Bryant MD, et al. (1987) Large woody debris in forested streams in the Pacific Northwest: Past, present, and future. In Salo EO, Cundy TW (Eds) Streamside management: Forestry and fishery interactions. College of Forest Resources, University of Washington, Contribution 57, Seattle, 143–190.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bjornn TC, Brusven MA, Hetrick NJ, Keith RM, Meehan, WR (1992) Effects of canopy alterations in second-growth forest riparian zones on bioenergetic processes and responses of juvenile salmonids to cover in small southeast Alaska streams. Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Technical Report 92-7, Moscow, ID.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bjornn TC, Reiser DW (1991) Habitat requirements of salmonids in streams. In Meehan WR (Ed) Influences of forest and rangeland management on salmonid fishes and their habitats. Am Fish Soc Spec Publ 19:83–138.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown B (1989) Characteristics at streams with fish kills. Unpublished report. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Juneau.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown GW (1972) Logging and water quality in the Pacific Northwest. In Csallany CS, McLaughlin TG, Striffeer WD (Eds) Watersheds in transition. Proc Sym Watersheds Transition. American Water Resources Association and Colorado State University. AWRA Proceedings Series 14, 330–334.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bryant MD (1980) Evolution of large, organic debris after timber harvest: Maybeso Creek, 1949 to 1978. Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Forest Service, General Technical Report PNW-101.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bryant MD (1983) The role and management of woody debris in West Coast salmonid nursery streams. North Am J Fish Manage 3:322–330.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bryant MD (1984) The role of beaver dams as coho salmon habitat in southeast Alaska streams. In Walton JM, Houston DB (Eds) Proc Olympic Wild Fish Conf [Available From Dr. J.M. Walton, Fisheries Technology Program, Peninsula College, 1502 E. Lauridsen Blvd., Port Angeles, WA 98362], 183–192.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bryant MD (1985) Changes 30 years after logging in large woody debris, and its use by salmonids. In Johnson RR, Ziebell CD, Patton DR et al., (Eds) Riparian ecosystems and their management: Reconciling conflicting uses. First North American Riparian Conference. U.S. Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, General Technical Report RM-120, Fort Collins, 329–334.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burger CV, Wilmot RL, Wangaard DB (1985) Comparison of spawning areas and times for two runs of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the Kenai River, Alaska. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 42:693–700.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burns DC (1991) Cumulative effects of small modifications to habitat. AFS position statement. Fisheries 16:12–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Campbell AJ, Sidle RC (1985) Bedload transport in a pool-riffle sequence of a coastal Alaska stream. Water Resour Bull 21:579–590.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cardinal PJ (1980) Habitat and juvenile salmonid populations in streams in logged and unlogged areas of southeast Alaska. M.S. thesis, Montana State University, Bozeman.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cederholm CJ, Reid LM, Salo EO (1981) Cumulative effects of logging road sediment on salmonid populations in the Clearwater River, Jefferson County, Washington. In Salmon-spawning gravel: A renewable resource in the Pacific Northwest? State of Washington Water Research Center, Washington State University, Pullman, 38–74.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chamberlin TW, Harr WD, Everest FH (1991) Timber harvesting, silviculture, and watershed processes. In Meehan WR (Ed) Influences of forest and rangeland management on salmonid fishes and their habitats. Am Fish Soc Spec Pub 19:181–205.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cordone AJ, Kelley DW (1961) The influences of inorganic sediment on the aquatic life of streams. Calif Fish Game 47:189–228.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crone RA, Bond CF (1976) Life history of coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch, in Sashin Creek, southeast Alaska. Fishery Bulletin 74:897–923.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dill LM, Ydenberg RC, Fraser AHG (1981) Food abundance and territory size in juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Can J Zool 59:1801–1809.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dolloff CA (1986) Effects of stream cleaning on juvenile coho salmon and Dolly Varden in southeast Alaska. Trans Am Fish Soc 115:743–755.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duncan WFA, Brusven MA (1985a) Energy dynamics of three low-order southeast Alaskan streams: Autochthonous production. J Freshwater Ecol 3:155–166.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Duncan WFA, Brusven MA (1985b) Energy dynamics of three low-order southeast Alaska streams: Allochthonous processes. J Freshwater Ecol 3:233–248.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Edgington JR (1984) Some observations of find sediment in gravels of five undisturbed watersheds in southeast Alaska. In Meehan WR, Merrell TR Jr, Hanley

    Google Scholar 

  • TA (Eds) Fish and wildlife relationships in old-growth forests. Proc Symp. American Institute of Fishery Research Biologists, 109–114 [Available from J.W. Reintjes, Rt. 4, Box 85, Morehead City, NC 28557].

    Google Scholar 

  • Elliott ST (1986) Reduction of a Dolly Varden population and macrobenthos after removal of logging debris. Trans Am Fish Soc 115:392–400.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Everest FH, Beschta RL, Scrivener JC, Koski KV, Sedell JR, Cederholm CJ (1987) Fine sediment and salmonid production: A paradox. In Salo EO, Cundy TW (Eds) Streamside management: Forestry and fishery interactions. College of Forest Resources, University of Washington, Contribution 57, Seattle, 98–142.

    Google Scholar 

  • Everest FH, Meehan WR (1981) Some effects of debris torrents on habitat of anadromous salmonids. National Council of the Paper Industry for Air and Stream Improvement, New York Tech Bull 353:23–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Furniss MJ, Roelofs TD, Yee CS (1991) Road construction and maintenance. In Meehan WR (Ed) Influences of forest and rangeland management on salmonid fishes and their habitats. Am Fish Soc Spec Publ 19:297–323.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garrett LD, Fight RD, Weyerman DL, Mehrkens JR (1990) Using the model SAMM: Implications for management. In Fight RD, Garrett LD, Weyermann DL (Eds) SAMM: A prototype southeast Alaska multi-resource model. U.S. Department of Agriculture, General Technical Report PNW-GTR-255, Portland, OR, 78–89.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gibbons DR, Meehan WR, Koski KV, Merrell TR Jr (1987) History of studies of fisheries and forestry interactions in southeastern Alaska. In Salo EO, Cundy TW (Eds) Streamside management: Forestry and fishery interactions. College of Forest Resources, University of Washington, Contribution 57, Seattle, 297–329.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gibbons DR, Salo EO (1973) An annotated bibliography of the effects of logging on fish of the western United States and Canada. Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Forest Service, General Technical Report PNW-10, Portland, OR.

    Google Scholar 

  • Golding DL (1987) Changes in streamflow peaks following timber harvest of a coastal British Columbia watershed. Int Assoc Hydrolog Sci Publ 167:509–517.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray PL, Koerner JF, Marriott RA (1981) The age structure and length-weight relationship of southeastern Alaska coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), 1969–1970. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Informational Leaflet 195, Juneau.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gregory SV, Lamberti GA, Erman CD, Koski KV, Murphy ML, Sedell JR (1987) Influence of forest practices on aquatic production. In Salo EO, Cundy TW (Eds) Streamside management: Forestry and fishery interactions. College of Forest Resources, University of Washington, Contribution 57, Seattle, 233–256.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hall JD, Baker CO (1982) Rehabilitating and enhancing stream habitat: 1. Review and evaluation. U.S. Forest Service, General Technical Report PNW-138, Portland, OR.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hall JD, Lantz RL (1969) Effects of logging on the habitat of coho salmon and cutthroat trout in coastal streams. In Northcote TG (Ed) Symposium on salmon and trout in streams. H.R. MacMillan Lectures in Fisheries, University of British Columbia, Institute of Fisheries, Vancouver, 355–375.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harding RD (1993) Abundance, size, habitat utilization, and intra-stream movement of juvenile coho salmon in a small Southeast Alaska stream. M.S. thesis, University of Alaska, Juneau.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harr RD (1983) Potential for augmenting water yield through forest practices in western Washington and western Oregon. Water Resour Bull 19:383–393.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harris AS (1960) The physical effect of logging on salmon streams in southeast Alaska [Abstract]. In Science in Alaska, Proc 11th Alaska Sci Conf, 143–144.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harris AS, Farr WA (1974) The forest ecosystem of southeast Alaska: 7. Forest ecology and timber management. U.S. Forest Service, General Technical Report PNW-25, Portland, OR.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartman GF, Holtby LB, Scrivener JC (1984) Some effects of natural and logging-related winter stream temperature changes on the early life history of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in Carnation Creek, British Columbia. In Meehan WR, Merrell TR Jr, Hanley TA (Eds) Fish and wildlife relationships in old-growth forests. Proc Symp. American Institute of Fishery Research Biologists [Available from J.W. Reintjes, Rt. 4, Box 85, Morehead City, NC 28557], 141–149.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartman GF, Scrivener JC, Holtby LB, Powell L (1987) Some effects of different streamside treatments on physical conditions and fish population processes in Carnation Creek, a coastal rain forest stream in British Columbia. In Salo EO, Cundy TW (Eds) Streamside management: Forestry and fishery interactions. College of Forest Resources, University of Washington, Contribution 57, Seattle, 330–372.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartsog W (1990) Summary of slope stability and related programs on the Tongass National Forest. Unpublished report. U.S. Forest Service, Petersburg, AK.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hawkins CP, Murphy ML, Anderson, NH (1982) Effects of canopy, substrate composition, and gradient on the structure of macroinvertebrate communities in Cascade Range streams of Oregon. Ecology 63:1840–1856.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heifetz J, Murphy ML, Koski KV (1986) Effects of logging on winter habitat of juvenile salmonids in Alaskan streams. North Am J Fish Manage 6:52–58.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hicks BJ, Hall JD, Bisson PA, Sedell JR (1991) Responses of salmonids to habitat changes. In Meehan WR (Ed) Influences of forest and rangeland management on salmonid fishes and their habitats. Am Fish Soc Spec Pub 19:483–518.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hicks BJ, Harr RD, Beschta RL (1991) Long-term changes in streamflow following logging and implications in western Oregon. Water Resour Bull 27:217–226.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holtby LB, Scrivener JC (1989) Observed and simulated effects of climatic variability, clear-cut logging, and fishing on the number of chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) and coho salmon (O. kisutch) returning to Carnation Creek, British Columbia. Can Spec Publ Fish Aquat Sci 105:62–81.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hunt RL (1969) Effects of habitat alteration on production, standing crops and yield of brook trout in Lawrence Creek, Wisconsin. In Northcote TG (Ed) Symposium on salmon and trout in streams. H.R. MacMillan Lectures in Fisheries, University of British Columbia, Institute of Fisheries, Vancouver, 281–312.

    Google Scholar 

  • Iwamoto RN, Salo EO, Madej MA, McComas RL (1978) Sediment and water quality: A review of the literature including a suggested approach for water quality criteria. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region X, EPA 910/9-78-048, Seattle.

    Google Scholar 

  • James GA (1956) The physical effect of logging on salmon streams of southeast Alaska. Alaska Forest Research Center, U.S. Forest Service, Station Paper 5, Juneau.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson SW, Heifetz J, Koski KV (1986) Effects of logging on the abundance and seasonal distribution of juvenile steelhead in some southeastern Alaska Streams. North Am J Fish Manage 6:532–537.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kingsbury AP (1973) Relationship between logging activities and salmon production. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Completion Report 1970-1972, Project 5-24-R, Juneau.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koski KV (1972) Effects of sediment on fish resources. Management Seminar. Washington State Department of Natural Resources, Seattle.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koski KV, Heifetz J, Johnson S, Murphy M, Thedinga J (1985) Evaluation of buffer strips for protection of salmonid rearing habitat and implications for enhancement. In Hassler TJ (Ed) Proceedings: Pacific northwest stream habitat management workshop. American Fisheries Society, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA, 138–155.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lamke RD, Bigelow BB, Van Maanen JL, Kemnitz RT, Novcaski KM (1991) Water resources data—Alaska water year 1990. U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, Water-Data Report AK-90-1, Anchorage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Landwehr DJ (1994) Inventory and analysis of landslides caused by the October 25, 26, 1993 storm event on the Thorne Bay Ranger District. Unpublished report. U.S. Forest Service, Ketchikan, Alaska.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lisle TE (1986) Effects of woody debris on anadromous salmonid habitat, Prince of Wales Island, southeast Alaska. North Am J Fish Manage 6:538–550.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lloyd DS, Koenings JP, LaPerriere JD (1987) Effects of turbidity in fresh waters of Alaska. North Am J Fish Manage 7:18–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martin D, Edland S, Morrow R (1991) Pre-spawner mortality of adult salmon in southeast Alaska. Pentec Environmental, Inc., Final report to the Alaska Working Group on Cooperative Forestry/Fisheries Research, Juneau.

    Google Scholar 

  • McNeil WJ (1964) Effect of the spawning bed environment on reproduction of pink and chum salmon. Fish Bull U.S. 65:495–523.

    Google Scholar 

  • McNeil WJ, Ahnell WH (1964) Success of pink salmon spawning relative to size of spawning bed materials. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Special Scientific Report on Fisheries 469. Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meehan WR (1970) Some effects of shade cover on stream temperature in southeast Alaska. U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, Research Note PNW-113, Portland, OR.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meehan WR, Farr WA, Bishop DM, Patric JH (1969) Some effects of clearcutting on salmon habitat of two southeast Alaska streams. U.S. Forest Service, General Technical Report PNW-82, Portland, OR.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murphy ML (1985) Die-offs of pre-spawn adult pink salmon and chum salmon in southeast Alaska. North Am J Fish Manage 5:302–308.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murphy ML, Hall JD (1981) Varied effects of clear-cut logging on predators and their habitat in small streams of the Cascade Mountains, Oregon. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 38:137–145.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murphy ML, Hawkins CP, Anderson NH (1981) Effects of canopy modification and accumulated sediment on stream communities. Trans Am Fish Soc 110:469–478.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murphy ML, Heifetz J, Johnson SW, Koski KV, Thedinga JF (1986) Effects of clear-cut logging with and without buffer strips on juvenile salmonids in Alaskan streams. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 43:1521–1533.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murphy ML, Koski KV, Heifetz J, Johnson SW, Kirchhofer D, Thedinga JF (1985) Role of large organic debris as winter habitat for juvenile salmonids in Alaska streams. Proc Annu Conf West Assoc Fish Wild Agencies 64:251–262.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murphy ML, Koski KV (1989) Input and depletion of woody debris in Alaska streams and implications for streamside management. North Am J Fish Manage 9:427–436.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murphy ML, Lorenz JM, Heifetz J, Thedinga JF, Koski KV, Johnson SW (1987) The relationship between stream classification, fish, and habitat in Southeast Alaska. U.S. Forest Service, Wildlife and Fisheries Habitat Management Notes 12, Juneau.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murphy ML, Koski KV, Elliott ST et al. (1990) The fisheries submodel. In Fight RD, Garrett LD, Weyermann DL (Eds) SAMM: A prototype Southeast Alaska Multiresource Model. U.S. Department of Agriculture, General Technical Report PNW-GTR-255, Portland, OR, 46–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murphy ML, Meehan WR. (1991) Stream ecosystems. In Meehan WR (Ed) Influences of forest and rangeland management on salmonid fishes and their habitats. Am Fish Soc Spec Publ 19:17–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murphy ML, Thedinga JF, Koski KV, Grette GB (1984) A stream ecosystem in an old-growth forest in southeast Alaska. Part 5: Seasonal changes in habitat utilization by juvenile salmonids. In Meehan WR, Merrell TR Jr, Hanley TA (Eds) Fish and wildlife relationships in old-growth forests. Proc Symp. American Institute of Fishery Research Biologists [Available from J.W. Reintjes, Rt. 4, Box 85, Morehead City, NC 28557], 89–98.

    Google Scholar 

  • Myren RT, Ellis RJ (1984) Evapotranspiration in forest succession and long-term effects upon fishery resources: A consideration for management of old-growth forests. In Meehan WR, Merrell JR Jr, Hanley TA (Eds) Fish and wildlife relationships in old-growth forests. Proc Symp. American Institute of Fishery Research Biologists [Available from J.W. Reintjes, Rt. 4, Box 85, Morehead City, NC 28557], 183–186.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paustian SJ (1987) Monitoring nonpoint source discharge of sediment from timber harvesting activities in two southeast Alaska watersheds. In Huntsinger RG (Ed) Water quality in the great land, Alaska’s challenge. Proc Univ Alaska, Fairbanks, IWR-109. American Water Resources Association, 153–168.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pella JJ, Myren RT (1974) Caveats concerning evaluation of effects of logging on salmon production in southeastern Alaska from biological information. Northwest Sci 48:132–144.

    Google Scholar 

  • Powell WO (1989) Low tire inflation pressure—A solution to breakdown of road surface rock. In Alexander EB (Ed) Proc Watershed’ 89. U.S. Forest Service, Alaska Region, R10-MB-77, Juneau, 121–123.

    Google Scholar 

  • Preston EM, Bedford BL (1990) Evaluating cumulative effects on wetland functions: A conceptual overview and generic framework. Environ Manage 12: 565–583.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reeves GH, Everest FH, Nickelson TE (1989) Identification of physical habitats limiting the production of coho salmon in western Oregon and Washington. U.S. Forest Service, General Technical Report PNW-GTR-245, Portland, OR.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwan M, Elliott S, Edgington J (1985) The impacts of clearcut logging on the fisheries resources of southeast Alaska. In Sigman MJ (Ed) Impacts of clearcut logging on the fish and wildlife resources of southeast Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Technical Report 85-3, Juneau.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sedell JR, Everest FH (1990) Historic changes in pool habitat for Columbia River basin salmon under study for TES listing. Unpublished report. U.S. Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, Corvallis, OR.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sedell JR, Swanson FJ (1984) Ecological characteristics of streams in old-growth forests of the Pacific Northwest. In Meehan WR, Merrell TR Jr, Hanley TA (Eds) Fish and wildlife relationships in old-growth forests. Proc Symp. American Institute of Fishery Research Biologists [Available from J.W. Reintjes, Rt. 4, Box 85, Morehead City, NC 28557].

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheridan RL, Bloom AM (1975) Effects of canopy removal on temperature of some small streams in southeast Alaska. Unpublished report. U.S. Forest Service, Juneau.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheridan WL, McNeil WJ (1968) Some effects of logging on two salmon streams in Alaska. J Forestry 66:128–133.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheridan WL, Perensovich MP, Faris T, Koski K (1984) Sediment content of streambed gravels in some pink salmon spawning streams in Alaska. In Meehan WR, Merrell TR Jr, Hanley TA (Eds) Fish and wildlife relationships in old-growth forests. Proc Symp. American Institute of Fishery Research Biologists [Available from J.W. Reintjes, Rt. 4, Box 85, Morehead City, NC 2855

    Google Scholar 

  • Simpson R, Gibbons DR (1984) Alaska working group on cooperative forestry-fisheries research, 1984 annual report. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Juneau.

    Google Scholar 

  • Slaughter CW (1990) Sustaining watershed values while developing taiga forest resources. In Proceedings: New perspectives for watershed management: Balancing long-term sustainability with cumulative environmental change. University of Washington, Seattle, 10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith RD (1989) Current research investigating channel unit distribution in streams of southeast Alaska. In Alexander EB (Ed) Proc Watershed’ 89. U.S. Forest Service, Alaska Region, R10-MB-77, Juneau, 91–92.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stednick JD, Tripp LN, McDonald RJ (1982) Slash burning effects on soil and water chemistry in southeastern Alaska. J Soil Water Conserv 37:126–128.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sullivan K, Lisle TE, Dolloff CA, Grant GE, Reid LM (1987) Stream channels: The link between forests and fishes. In Salo EO, Cundy TW (Eds) Streamside management: Forestry and fishery interactions. College of Forest Resources, University of Washington, Contribution 57, Seattle, 330–372.

    Google Scholar 

  • Swanston DN, Webb TM, Bartos L, Meehan WR, Sheehy T, Puffer A (1990) The hydrology and soils submodel. In Fight RD, Garrett LD, Weyermann DL (Eds) SAMM: A prototype Southeast Alaska Multiresource Model. U.S. Department of Agriculture, General Technical Report PNW-GTR-255, Portland, OR, 28–45.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thedinga JF, Johnson SW, Koski KV, Lorenz JM, Murphy ML (1993) Potential effects of flooding from Russell Fiord on salmonids and habitat in the Situk River, Alaska. U.S. Department of Commerce, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, Processed Report AFSC 93–01. [Available from Auke Bay Laboratory, 111305 Glacier Highway, Juneau, AK 99801-8626].

    Google Scholar 

  • Thedinga JF, Murphy ML, Heifetz J, Koski KV, Johnson SW (1989) Effects of logging on size and age composition of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and density of presmolts in southeast Alaska streams. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 46:1383–1391.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas RE, Gharrett JA, Carls MG, Rice SD, Moles A, Korn S (1986) Effects of fluctuating temperature on mortality, stress, and energy reserves of juvenile coho salmon. Trans Am Fish Soc 115:52–59.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tyler RW, Gibbons DR (1973) Observations of the effects of logging on salmon-producing tributaries of the Staney Creek watershed and the Thorne River watershed and of logging in the Sitka district. Fisheries Research Institute, University of Washington, FRI-UW-7307, Seattle.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Forest Service (1986) Aquatic habitat management handbook. FSH 2609-.24. U.S. Forest Service, Juneau.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Forest Service (1991) Tongass land management plan revision. Supplement to the draft environmental impact statement—Summary. R10-MB-150. U.S. Forest Service, Juneau.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Cleve K, Dyrness, CT, Viereck, LA et al. (1983) Taiga ecosystems in interior Alaska. Bioscience 33:39–44.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Walter RA (1984) A stream ecosystem in an old-growth forest in southeast Alaska. Part 2: Structure and dynamics of the periphyton community. In Meehan WR, Merrell TR Jr, Hanley TA (Eds) Fish and wildlife relationships in old-growth forests. Proc Symp. American Institute of Fishery Research Biologists [Available from J.W. Reintjes, Rt. 4, Box 85, Morehead City, NC 28557].

    Google Scholar 

  • Warren DD (1992) Production, prices, employment, and trade in Northwest forest industries, fourth quarter 1992. U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Resource Bulletin PNW-RB-196, Portland, OR.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weber-Scannell P (1991) Influence of temperatures on coldwater fishes: A literature review. Technical Report 91-1. Fairbanks, AK.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1997 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Murphy, M.L., Milner, A.M. (1997). Alaska Timber Harvest and Fish Habitat. In: Milner, A.M., Oswood, M.W. (eds) Freshwaters of Alaska. Ecological Studies, vol 119. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0677-4_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0677-4_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-6866-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-0677-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics