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Flow-Dependent Vascular Tone

  • Chapter
The Resistance Vasculature

Part of the book series: Vascular Biomedicine ((VB))

Abstract

Driven by the heart, the blood flows along the arterial tree through vessels of low resistance and large diameter to those of high resistance and small diameter. This process influences the arterial wall through two forces, pressure and shear stress. The effects of pressure, which are exerted radially in all directions perpendicular to the artery surface, are to dilate the blood vessel. The forces acting on the blood vessel wall when flow is laminar, owing to the shearing or slipping of the blood, are exerted in its long axis. Most vascular smooth muscle cells are oriented in a low helix around the long axis of the blood vessel. Pressure by stretching these cells longitudinally, and possibly, also by influencing the endothelium initiates the myogenic response, a contraction. This topic is dealt with in Chapters 9 and 10. In this chapter, the response of the resistance artery to flow exerted through changes in shear stress normal to the long axis of the smooth muscle cells is discussed.

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Authors
  1. John A. Bevan
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA

    John A. Bevan  & William Halpern  & 

  2. Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

    Michael J. Mulvany

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© 1991 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Bevan, J.A. (1991). Flow-Dependent Vascular Tone. In: Bevan, J.A., Halpern, W., Mulvany, M.J. (eds) The Resistance Vasculature. Vascular Biomedicine. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0403-9_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0403-9_11

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-6746-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-0403-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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