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Vitamin D, Gene Expression, and Cancer

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Nutrients in Cancer Prevention and Treatment

Part of the book series: Experimental Biology and Medicine ((EBAM,volume 27))

Abstract

Classically, vitamin D was discovered because in its absence the disease rickets, osteomalacia, and hypocalcemic tetany resulted (1, 2). Clearly, vitamin D functions in the regulation of plasma calcium and plasma phosphorus, which in turn results in normal mineralization of the skeleton and the normal functioning of the neuromuscular junction. Vitamin D carries out these functions following its metabolism, as described below, to its active or hormonal form, i.e. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2D3). This hormone directly stimulates intestinal calcium transport and independently intestinal phosphate transport by mechanisms not yet fully understood (1, 2). In addition, 1,25-(OH)2D3 acts on the osteoblasts together with parathyroid hormone (PTH) to facilitate the mobilization of calcium from bone into the plasma compartment when required. More recently it has been demonstrated that 1,25-(OH)2D3 facilitates the reabsorption of calcium in the distal renal tubule in a mechanism also dependent upon the presence of the PTH (1-3). These actions result in an elevation of plasma calcium and phosphorus, resulting in normal mineralization of the skeleton and neuromuscular function (Figure 1).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 420 Henry Mall, Madison, WI, 53706, USA

    Hector F. DeLuca

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  1. Hector F. DeLuca
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO, USA

    Kedar N. Prasad PhD

  2. University of Pavia, Italy

    Leonida Santamaria MD

  3. Cancer Treatment Center of America, Des Moines, IA, USA

    R. Michael Williams MD, PhD

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DeLuca, H.F. (1995). Vitamin D, Gene Expression, and Cancer. In: Prasad, K.N., Santamaria, L., Williams, R.M. (eds) Nutrients in Cancer Prevention and Treatment. Experimental Biology and Medicine, vol 27. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0237-0_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0237-0_4

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-6675-4

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