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Transforming Growth Factor-β Signal Transduction in the Atrioventricular Canal During Heart Development

  • Chapter
Formation of the Heart and Its Regulation

Part of the book series: Cardiovascular Molecular Morphogenesis ((CARDMM))

Abstract

During embryonic development of the heart, one critical component of the process is the formation of the mesenchymal cells of the cardiac cushions. Cells within the cushions arise by an epithelial-mesenchymal cell transformation of the overlying endothelium and provide the progenitors of the valves and septum intermedium. In the last several years, significant progress has been made toward understanding this process at the cellular and molecular level. Particularly, the function and localization of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β and its receptors during epithelial-mesenchymal cell transformation have been studied. Several TGF-β isoforms are expressed throughout the heart (Akhurst et al, 1990; Potts et al, 1992; Barnett et al, 1994; Boyer et al, 1999b) and have been implicated in activities such as angiogenisis (Battegay, 1995) and myocyte hypertrophy (Schneider and Parker, 1990). However, the only cardiac-specific defects produced by loss of the various TGF-βs in null mice were valvular and septal defects seen in TGF-β2 knockout animals (Sanford et al, 1997). Together, mouse and chicken studies point to critical roles for members of this growth factor family in the normal formation of cardiac valves.

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Authors
  1. Angelique S. Boyer
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  2. Raymond B. Runyan
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1109, USA

    Robert J. Tomanek

  2. Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724-5044, USA

    Raymond B. Runyan

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© 2001 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Boyer, A.S., Runyan, R.B. (2001). Transforming Growth Factor-β Signal Transduction in the Atrioventricular Canal During Heart Development. In: Tomanek, R.J., Runyan, R.B. (eds) Formation of the Heart and Its Regulation. Cardiovascular Molecular Morphogenesis. Birkhäuser, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0207-3_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0207-3_11

  • Publisher Name: Birkhäuser, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-6662-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-0207-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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