Abstract
The most common and often frustrating complication for both surgeon and patient following pulmonary resection is persistent alveolar air leak. There are several available management modalities for persistent alveolar air leak. These modalities include: outpatient chest tube drainage, intra-pleural chemical sclerosis, intra-pleural blood patch, topical sealants, pneumoperitoneum, endo-bronchial valves and surgical repair. In this chapter we review the available evidence for use of each of these modalities with the goal of optimal individualized patient care plans for persistent alveolar air leak.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Brunelli A, Monteverde M, Borri A, Salati M, Marasco RD, Fianchini A. Predictors of prolonged air leak after pulmonary lobectomy. Ann Thorac Surg. 2004;77(4):1205–10; discussion 1210.
Cerfolio RJ, Bass CS, Pask AH, Katholi CR. Predictors and treatment of persistent air leaks. Ann Thorac Surg. 2002;73(6):1727–30; discussion 1730–1.
Cerfolio RJ, Minnich DJ, Bryant AS. The removal of chest tubes despite an air leak or a pneumothorax. Ann Thorac Surg. 2009;87(6):1690–4; discussion 1694–6.
Liberman M, Muzikansky A, Wright CD, Wain JC, Donahue DM, Allan JS, et al. Incidence and risk factors of persistent air leak after major pulmonary resection and use of chemical pleurodesis. Ann Thorac Surg. 2010;89(3):891–7; discussion 897–8.
Rieger KM, Wroblewski HA, Brooks JA, Hammoud ZT, Kesler KA. Postoperative outpatient chest tube management: initial experience with a new portable system. Ann Thorac Surg. 2007;84(2):630–2.
Tcherveniakov P, De Siqueira J, Milton R, Papagiannopoulos K. Ward-based, nurse-led, outpatient chest tube management: analysis of impact, cost-effectiveness and patient safety. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2012;41:1353–6.
Rahman M, Ooi Su Min J, Fikri A, Adeeb S, Zamrin D. Pocket-sized Heimlich valve (pneumostat) after bullae resection: a 5-year review. Ann Thorac Surg. 2009;88:979–81.
Lodi R, Stefani A. A new portable chest drainage device. Ann Thorac Surg. 2000;69:998–1001.
Ponn RB, Silverman HJ, Federico JA. Outpatient chest tube management. Ann Thorac Surg. 1997;64(5):1437–40.
McKenna Jr RJ, Fischel RJ, Brenner M, Gelb AF. Use of the Heimlich valve to shorten hospital stay after lung reduction surgery for emphysema. Ann Thorac Surg. 1996;61(4):1115–7.
Brant A, Eaton T. Serious complications with talc slurry pleurodesis. Respirology. 2001;6(3):181–5.
Kuzniar TJ, Blum MG, Kasibowska-Kuzniar K, Mutlu GM. Predictors of acute lung injury and severe hypoxemia in patients undergoing operative talc pleurodesis. Ann Thorac Surg. 2006;82(6):1976–81.
Baron RD, Milton R, Thorpe JA. Pleurodesis using small talc particles results in an unacceptably high rate of acute lung injury and hypoxia. Ann Thorac Surg. 2007;84(6):2136.
Shaw P, Agarwal R. Pleurodesis for malignant pleural effusions. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;(1):CD002916.
Shackcloth M, Poullis M, Page R. Autologous blood pleurodesis for treating persistent air leak after lung resection. Ann Thorac Surg. 2001;71(4):1402–3.
Oliveira F, Cataneo D, Ruiz R, Cataneo A. Persistent pleuropulmonary air leak treated with autologous blood: results from a University Hospital and Review of Literature. Respiration. 2010;79:302–6.
Andreetti C, Venuta F, Anile M, De Giacomo T, Diso D, Di Stasio M, Rendina EA, Coloni GF. Pleurodesis with an autologous blood patch to prevent persistent air leaks after lobectomy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007;133:759–62.
Droghetti A, Schiavini A, Muriana P, Comel A, De Donno G, Beccaria M, Canneto B, Sturani C, Muriana G. Autologous blood patch in persistent air leaks after pulmonary resection. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2006;132:556–9.
Lang-Lazdunski L, Coonar AS. A prospective study of autologous ‘blood patch’ pleurodesis for persistent air leak after pulmonary resection. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2004;26:897–900.
de Rivas Andrés JJR, Blanco S, De la Torre M. Postsurgical pleurodesis with autologous blood in patients with persistent air leak. Ann Thorac Surg. 2000;70:270–2.
Dumire R, Crobbe MM, Mappin FG, Fontenelle LJ. Autologous ‘blood patch’ pleurodesis for persistent pulmonary air leak. Chest. 1992;101:64–6.
Suter M, Bettschart V, Vandoni RE, Cuttat JF. Thoracoscopic pleurodesis for prolonged (or intractable) air leak after lung resection. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 1997;12(1):160–1.
Thistlethwaite P, Luketich J, Ferson PF, Keenan RJ, Jamieson SW. Ablation of persistent air leaks after thoracic procedures with fibrin sealant. Ann Thorac Surg. 1999;67:575–7.
Di Giamacomo T, Rendina EA, Venuta F, Francioni F, Moretti M, Pugliese F, Coloni GF. Pneumoperitoneum for the management of pleural air apace problems associated with major pulmonary resections. Ann Thorac Surg. 2001;72:1716–9.
Carbognani P, Spaggiari L, Solli PG, Tincani G, Bobbio A, Rusca M. Postoperative pneumoperitoneum for prolonged air leaks and residual spaces after pulmonary resection. J Cardiovasc Surg. 1999;40(6):887–8.
Woo E, Tan BK, Lim CH. Treatment of recalcitrant air leaks: the combined latissimus dorsi-serratus anterior flap. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(2):188–92.
Backhus L, Sievers EM, Schenkel FA, Barr ML, Cohen RG, Smith MA, et al. Pleural space problems after living lobar transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2005;24(12):2086–90.
Firlinger I, Stubenberger E, Muller MR, Burghuber OC, Valipour A. Endoscopic one-way valve implantation in patients with prolonged air leak and the use of digital air leak monitoring. Ann Thorac Surg. 2013;95:1243–50.
Gillespie CT, Sterman DH, Cerfolio RJ, Nader D, Mulligan MS, Mularski RA, et al. Endobronchial valve treatment for prolonged air leaks of the lung: a case series. Ann Thorac Surg. 2011;91(1):270–3.
Travaline JM, McKenna Jr RJ, De Giacomo T, Venuta F, Hazelrigg SR, Boomer M, et al. Treatment of persistent pulmonary air leaks using endobronchial valves. Chest. 2009;136(2):355–60.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer-Verlag London
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
McGuire, A.L., Sundaresan, R.S. (2014). Management of Persistent Post-operative Alveolar Air Leak. In: Ferguson, M. (eds) Difficult Decisions in Thoracic Surgery. Difficult Decisions in Surgery: An Evidence-Based Approach, vol 1. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6404-3_17
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6404-3_17
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-6403-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-6404-3
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)