Skip to main content

Management of Persistent Post-operative Alveolar Air Leak

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Difficult Decisions in Thoracic Surgery

Part of the book series: Difficult Decisions in Surgery: An Evidence-Based Approach ((DDSURGERY,volume 1))

  • 1374 Accesses

Abstract

The most common and often frustrating complication for both surgeon and patient following pulmonary resection is persistent alveolar air leak. There are several available management modalities for persistent alveolar air leak. These modalities include: outpatient chest tube drainage, intra-pleural chemical sclerosis, intra-pleural blood patch, topical sealants, pneumoperitoneum, endo-bronchial valves and surgical repair. In this chapter we review the available evidence for use of each of these modalities with the goal of optimal individualized patient care plans for persistent alveolar air leak.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 139.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Brunelli A, Monteverde M, Borri A, Salati M, Marasco RD, Fianchini A. Predictors of prolonged air leak after pulmonary lobectomy. Ann Thorac Surg. 2004;77(4):1205–10; discussion 1210.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Cerfolio RJ, Bass CS, Pask AH, Katholi CR. Predictors and treatment of persistent air leaks. Ann Thorac Surg. 2002;73(6):1727–30; discussion 1730–1.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Cerfolio RJ, Minnich DJ, Bryant AS. The removal of chest tubes despite an air leak or a pneumothorax. Ann Thorac Surg. 2009;87(6):1690–4; discussion 1694–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Liberman M, Muzikansky A, Wright CD, Wain JC, Donahue DM, Allan JS, et al. Incidence and risk factors of persistent air leak after major pulmonary resection and use of chemical pleurodesis. Ann Thorac Surg. 2010;89(3):891–7; discussion 897–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Rieger KM, Wroblewski HA, Brooks JA, Hammoud ZT, Kesler KA. Postoperative outpatient chest tube management: initial experience with a new portable system. Ann Thorac Surg. 2007;84(2):630–2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Tcherveniakov P, De Siqueira J, Milton R, Papagiannopoulos K. Ward-based, nurse-led, outpatient chest tube management: analysis of impact, cost-effectiveness and patient safety. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2012;41:1353–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Rahman M, Ooi Su Min J, Fikri A, Adeeb S, Zamrin D. Pocket-sized Heimlich valve (pneumostat) after bullae resection: a 5-year review. Ann Thorac Surg. 2009;88:979–81.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Lodi R, Stefani A. A new portable chest drainage device. Ann Thorac Surg. 2000;69:998–1001.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Ponn RB, Silverman HJ, Federico JA. Outpatient chest tube management. Ann Thorac Surg. 1997;64(5):1437–40.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. McKenna Jr RJ, Fischel RJ, Brenner M, Gelb AF. Use of the Heimlich valve to shorten hospital stay after lung reduction surgery for emphysema. Ann Thorac Surg. 1996;61(4):1115–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Brant A, Eaton T. Serious complications with talc slurry pleurodesis. Respirology. 2001;6(3):181–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Kuzniar TJ, Blum MG, Kasibowska-Kuzniar K, Mutlu GM. Predictors of acute lung injury and severe hypoxemia in patients undergoing operative talc pleurodesis. Ann Thorac Surg. 2006;82(6):1976–81.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Baron RD, Milton R, Thorpe JA. Pleurodesis using small talc particles results in an unacceptably high rate of acute lung injury and hypoxia. Ann Thorac Surg. 2007;84(6):2136.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Shaw P, Agarwal R. Pleurodesis for malignant pleural effusions. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;(1):CD002916.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Shackcloth M, Poullis M, Page R. Autologous blood pleurodesis for treating persistent air leak after lung resection. Ann Thorac Surg. 2001;71(4):1402–3.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Oliveira F, Cataneo D, Ruiz R, Cataneo A. Persistent pleuropulmonary air leak treated with autologous blood: results from a University Hospital and Review of Literature. Respiration. 2010;79:302–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Andreetti C, Venuta F, Anile M, De Giacomo T, Diso D, Di Stasio M, Rendina EA, Coloni GF. Pleurodesis with an autologous blood patch to prevent persistent air leaks after lobectomy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007;133:759–62.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Droghetti A, Schiavini A, Muriana P, Comel A, De Donno G, Beccaria M, Canneto B, Sturani C, Muriana G. Autologous blood patch in persistent air leaks after pulmonary resection. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2006;132:556–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Lang-Lazdunski L, Coonar AS. A prospective study of autologous ‘blood patch’ pleurodesis for persistent air leak after pulmonary resection. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2004;26:897–900.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. de Rivas Andrés JJR, Blanco S, De la Torre M. Postsurgical pleurodesis with autologous blood in patients with persistent air leak. Ann Thorac Surg. 2000;70:270–2.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Dumire R, Crobbe MM, Mappin FG, Fontenelle LJ. Autologous ‘blood patch’ pleurodesis for persistent pulmonary air leak. Chest. 1992;101:64–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Suter M, Bettschart V, Vandoni RE, Cuttat JF. Thoracoscopic pleurodesis for prolonged (or intractable) air leak after lung resection. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 1997;12(1):160–1.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Thistlethwaite P, Luketich J, Ferson PF, Keenan RJ, Jamieson SW. Ablation of persistent air leaks after thoracic procedures with fibrin sealant. Ann Thorac Surg. 1999;67:575–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Di Giamacomo T, Rendina EA, Venuta F, Francioni F, Moretti M, Pugliese F, Coloni GF. Pneumoperitoneum for the management of pleural air apace problems associated with major pulmonary resections. Ann Thorac Surg. 2001;72:1716–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Carbognani P, Spaggiari L, Solli PG, Tincani G, Bobbio A, Rusca M. Postoperative pneumoperitoneum for prolonged air leaks and residual spaces after pulmonary resection. J Cardiovasc Surg. 1999;40(6):887–8.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Woo E, Tan BK, Lim CH. Treatment of recalcitrant air leaks: the combined latissimus dorsi-serratus anterior flap. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(2):188–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Backhus L, Sievers EM, Schenkel FA, Barr ML, Cohen RG, Smith MA, et al. Pleural space problems after living lobar transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2005;24(12):2086–90.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Firlinger I, Stubenberger E, Muller MR, Burghuber OC, Valipour A. Endoscopic one-way valve implantation in patients with prolonged air leak and the use of digital air leak monitoring. Ann Thorac Surg. 2013;95:1243–50.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Gillespie CT, Sterman DH, Cerfolio RJ, Nader D, Mulligan MS, Mularski RA, et al. Endobronchial valve treatment for prolonged air leaks of the lung: a case series. Ann Thorac Surg. 2011;91(1):270–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Travaline JM, McKenna Jr RJ, De Giacomo T, Venuta F, Hazelrigg SR, Boomer M, et al. Treatment of persistent pulmonary air leaks using endobronchial valves. Chest. 2009;136(2):355–60.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to R. Sudhir Sundaresan MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer-Verlag London

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

McGuire, A.L., Sundaresan, R.S. (2014). Management of Persistent Post-operative Alveolar Air Leak. In: Ferguson, M. (eds) Difficult Decisions in Thoracic Surgery. Difficult Decisions in Surgery: An Evidence-Based Approach, vol 1. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6404-3_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6404-3_17

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-6403-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-6404-3

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics