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Movement Disorders in Dementias pp 87–115Cite as

Drug-Induced Movement Disorders in Elderly Patients

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Abstract

Movement disorders such as dystonia, akathisia, parkinsonism, chorea, stereotypies, myoclonus, or tics can be observed during exposure to a large number of drugs commonly used for the treatment of diverse medical conditions. The most frequent drugs connected to movement disorders are antipsychotics, but they can also be observed with a variety of drugs, such as metoclopramide, prochlorperazine, cinnarizine, flunarizine, H1 antihistaminergic drugs, trimetazidine, or serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Clinical observation is crucial for differential diagnosis of drug-induced movement disorders. Neuroimaging by positron emission tomography (PET) or single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) may be of help for diagnosing drug-induced parkinsonism or tardive dyskinesia. The first therapeutic measure is to withdraw the offending drug when possible. When needed, muscarine receptor blockers can be used to treat acute dystonia, propranolol or alprazolam for akathisia, and reserpine or methyldopa for life-threatening tardive syndromes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Clinical Pharmacology and Epidemiology Laboratory, Medicine School, Catholic University of Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Santiago Perez-Lloret MD, PhD, CPI

  2. Département de Pharmacologie et Service de Pharmacologie Clinique, Faculté de Médecine, Centre Midi-Pyrénées de PharmacoVigilance, de Pharmaco épidémiologie et d’Informations sur le Médicament, de l’Université de Toulouse, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Toulouse, France

    Santiago Perez-Lloret MD, PhD, CPI

  3. Department of Pharmacology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France

    Jean-Louis Montastruc MD, PhD & Olivier Rascol MD, PhD

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  1. Santiago Perez-Lloret MD, PhD, CPI
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  2. Jean-Louis Montastruc MD, PhD
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  3. Olivier Rascol MD, PhD
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Correspondence to Santiago Perez-Lloret MD, PhD, CPI .

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  1. Neuroscience Department, Universidad Catolica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Marcelo Merello

  2. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Fremantle, Australia

    Sergio E. Starkstein

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Perez-Lloret, S., Montastruc, JL., Rascol, O. (2014). Drug-Induced Movement Disorders in Elderly Patients. In: Merello, M., Starkstein, S. (eds) Movement Disorders in Dementias. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6365-7_6

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