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Quasi-Dimensional Simulation of Spark Ignition Engines pp 57–86Cite as

Validating and Comparing with Experiments and Other Models

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Abstract

The objective of this chapter is to present and compare the performance parameters and the evolution of some process variables obtained by means of quasi-dimensional simulations with experimental results and with the corresponding estimations of other simulation or theoretical models. First, we summarize some of the basic performance parameters that are suitable for calculation. Second, some calculated parameters and functions obtained either from zero-dimensional or quasi-dimensional schemes are compared with engine test bench measurements. Finally, we analyze the evolution of a four-stroke Otto engine from a finite-time thermodynamics framework in order to elucidate to what extent a purely theoretical thermodynamic scheme is capable of reproducing realistic simulation results. It will be concluded that quasi-dimensional simulation models are capable to improve theoretical formulations in order to better approach theoretical predictions to experimental results.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    In general the term brake added to power, work, or efficiency refers to its magnitude measured at the output shaft, while the term indicated refers to the value exerted or computed at the piston.

  2. 2.

    It is usual to find in the literature several definitions of heating value, although their numerical values only differ by a few percent [1]. We shall take the lower heating value at constant pressure when evaluating the fuel conversion efficiency.

  3. 3.

    The cycle shown in Fig. 3.1 or in other figures in this chapter is an arbitrary one during the engine evolution. As it will be detailed in Chap. 5 appreciable oscillations in pressure or other representative variables can occur from one cycle to the following. The physical origin of this cyclic variability is quite complex and will be analyzed in that chapter.

  4. 4.

    The publication in 1975 of Curzon–Ahlborn’s pioneering work [13, 14] opened the perspective of establishing more realistic theoretical bounds for real energy converters, and give raise to the birth and development of thermodynamic optimization, particularly FTT [15–18]. They showed that a Carnot heat engine coupled to external reservoirs through heat transfers that obey the Fourier law has an efficiency at maximum power given by \(\eta _{CA}=1-\sqrt{\tau }\). This expression provides a surprisingly good approximation to the observed efficiencies of very different engines [19–22].

  5. 5.

    Note that in this irreversible efficiency, \(\eta \), the heat input, \(Q_{23}\), is considered as coming from the reversible cycle. So the difference between the efficiency of the reversible, \(\eta _\text {rev}\), and the corresponding irreversible cycle, \(\eta \), comes only from the work output, calculated either in reversible, \(W_\text {rev}\) or irreversible basis, \(W\). In both efficiencies, the heat input is considered the same.

  6. 6.

    The parametric variable is not always the angular speed, it can be elected among the relevant variables of the system in which respect to its performance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008, Salamanca, Spain

    Alejandro Medina & Antonio Calvo Hernández

  2. Instituto de Ingeniería Mecánica y, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay

    Pedro Luis Curto-Risso

  3. Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria en, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. IPN 2580, 07340, México D.F., Mexico

    Lev Guzmán-Vargas

  4. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Edif. 9, 07738, México D.F., Mexico

    Fernando Angulo-Brown

  5. Department of Mathematical Sciences, Richard G. Lugar Centre for Renewable Energy, Indiana University, Indianapolis, 46202, USA

    Asok K Sen

Authors
  1. Alejandro Medina
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  2. Pedro Luis Curto-Risso
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  3. Antonio Calvo Hernández
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  4. Lev Guzmán-Vargas
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  5. Fernando Angulo-Brown
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  6. Asok K Sen
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Correspondence to Alejandro Medina .

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Medina, A., Curto-Risso, P.L., Hernández, A.C., Guzmán-Vargas, L., Angulo-Brown, F., Sen, A.K. (2014). Validating and Comparing with Experiments and Other Models. In: Quasi-Dimensional Simulation of Spark Ignition Engines. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5289-7_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5289-7_3

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