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Minimally Invasive Surgery of the Lumbar Spine pp 311–331Cite as

Bone Substitution in Spine Fusion: The Past, the Present, and the Future

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Abstract

Bone fusion represents a challenge in orthopedics practice, in particular when a pathological condition, such as non-union fractures, osteomyelitis, critical size defects, may imply a reduced biological response. This is why recently basic research has been addressing this issue and new and innovative products have been introduced into the clinical practice. Spinal fusion can be defined as the bony union between two vertebral bodies after surgical treatment. Each year in the USA, more than 200,000 spine fusions are performed. From 1993 to 2001, the rate of cervical spine fusion increased to 433 %, while the rate of thoracolumbar fusion increased from 52 to 352 %. Despite the advances in surgical techniques and the increasing use of stabilization systems, the incidence of nonunion for lumbar fusions remains high (10–40 %) [1, 2].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore,, L.go F. Vito 1, Rome, 00168, Italy

    Giandomenico Logroscino MD

  2. Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy

    Wanda Lattanzi MD

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  1. Giandomenico Logroscino MD
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  2. Wanda Lattanzi MD
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Correspondence to Giandomenico Logroscino MD .

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  1. Florence University, Florence, Italy and Department of Orthopaedics, Rome American Hospital,, Rome, Italy

    Pier Paolo Maria Menchetti

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Logroscino, G., Lattanzi, W. (2014). Bone Substitution in Spine Fusion: The Past, the Present, and the Future. In: Menchetti, P. (eds) Minimally Invasive Surgery of the Lumbar Spine. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5280-4_15

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