Abstract
This chapter is concerned with the design and characterisation of fire-resistant steels for building construction. Issues raised include effects of alloy additions, controlling the grain size, properties of substitutional elements, and processing, centred on the property requirements for fire-resistant steels. The new fire-resistant steels are microalloyed with molybdenum and niobium, or tungsten, titanium and boron, as the alloying additions for elevated temperature strength. The steels have satisfactory high temperature strength, owing partly to their relatively large grain sizes compared with conventional steels. The nature of equilibrium precipitation is calculated using thermodynamics. The high temperature strengthening mechanisms could be attributed to secondary formation of fine distribution of MC and Laves phase precipitates, molybdenum clusters, and molybdenum and niobium in solid solution. The atomic-scale microstructure of structural steels designed to have fire-resistant microstructures is characterised using atom probe field ion microscopy (APFIM). There is strong precipitation at approximately 650 °C. These probably coherent precipitates have the effect of producing a stable dispersion.
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References
Sha W (2001) Mechanical properties of structural steels with fire resistance. In: Hanada S, Zhong Z, Nam SW, Wright RN (eds) The fourth Pacific Rim international conference on advanced materials and processing. The Japan Institute of Metals, Sendai, pp 2707–2710
Sha W, Kelly FS (2004) Atom probe field ion microscopy study of commercial and experimental structural steels with fire resistant microstructures. Mater Sci Technol 20:449–457. doi:10.1179/026708304225012305
Sha W, Kelly FS, Browne P, Blackmore SPO, Long AE (2002) Development of structural steels with fire resistant microstructures. Mater Sci Technol 18:319–325. doi:10.1179/026708301225000789
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© 2013 Springer-Verlag London
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Sha, W. (2013). Fire-Resistant Steel. In: Steels. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4872-2_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4872-2_3
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