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Hypertension

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MGH Cardiology Board Review

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Abstract

Hypertension is one of the most common pathologic entities in the world and is associated with the development and exacerbation of a variety of cardiovascular disease, as well as morbid and mortal outcomes. In this chapter, we review the pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes related to hypertension.

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Abbreviations

ACEI:

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme inhibitors

ARA:

Aldosterone receptor antagonists

ARB:

Angiotensin receptor blockers

BB:

Beta blockers

BP:

Blood pressure

CCB:

Calcium channel blockers

CHD:

Coronary heart disease

CKD:

Chronic kidney disease

CV:

Cardiovascular

DBP:

Diastolic blood pressure

DM:

Diabetes mellitus

HF:

Heart failure

ISH:

Isolated systolic hypertension

LVH:

Left ventricular hypertrophy

LVSD:

Left ventricular systolic dysfunction

MI:

Myocardial infarction

PA:

Primary aldosteronism

PAC:

Plasma aldosterone concentration

PAD:

Peripheral arterial disease

PRA:

Plasma renin activity

PRC:

Plasma renin concentration

RAAS:

Renin angiotensin aldosterone system

SBP:

Systolic blood pressure

WHO:

World Health Organization

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Harvard Medical School Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    William J. Kostis PhD, MD (Clinical and Research Fellow)

  2. Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA

    Randall M. Zusman MD (Associate Professor)

  3. Hypertension, Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Randall M. Zusman MD (Director)

Authors
  1. William J. Kostis PhD, MD
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  2. Randall M. Zusman MD
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  3. Randall M. Zusman MD
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Cardiology Division Yawkey Building 5B, Room 5850, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Hanna K. Gaggin

  2. Cardiology Division Yawkey Building, Suite 5984, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    James L. Januzzi, Jr.

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© 2014 Springer-Verlag London

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Kostis, W.J., Zusman, R.M., Zusman, R.M. (2014). Hypertension. In: Gaggin, H., Januzzi, Jr., J. (eds) MGH Cardiology Board Review. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4483-0_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4483-0_5

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  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-4483-0

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