Abstract
The crucial step of percutaneous nephrolithotmy is proper establishment of the percutaneous tract. If appropriately done, optimal efficacy with low complication rate can be achieved. The ideal approach to the kidney is achieved by a transpapillary puncture with direct access to the renal pelvis. To achieve an ideal access with low complication rate, the combination of fluoroscopy and ultrasound is optimal.
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Knoll T, Michel MS, Alken P. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy: the Mannheim technique. BJU Int. 2007;99:213–31.
Osman M, Wendt-Nordahl G, Heger K, Michel MS, Alken P, Knoll T. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy with ultrasonography-guided renal access: experience from over 300 cases. BJU Int. 2005;96:875–8.
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© 2017 Springer-Verlag London
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Knoll, T., Jessen, J.P., Honeck, P., Wendt-Nordahl, G., Alken, P. (2017). Tips to Puncture the Kidney Using Ultrasound. In: Rané, A., Turna, B., Autorino, R., Rassweiler, J. (eds) Practical Tips in Urology. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4348-2_45
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4348-2_45
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