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Nanoalloys pp 369–404Cite as

Surface Studies of Catalysis by Metals: Nanosize and Alloying Effects

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Part of the book series: Engineering Materials ((ENG.MAT.))

Abstract

Supported metallic nanoparticles have long been employed to catalyze a number of industrially-relevant chemical reactions. In many cases, metal addition has allowed one to increase the activity, selectivity and/or stability of single-metal catalysts. However, a detailed understanding of catalysis by metal nanoparticles, including nanoalloys, requires the use of model catalysts such as single-crystal surfaces and well-defined supported nanoparticles. In this chapter, after a brief presentation of its basic concepts, the structural aspects of heterogeneous catalysis by metals and alloys will be illustrated by several examples from (mainly) surface science. The so-called “size” and “alloying” effects, which have been classically described in terms of geometric and electronic effects, might have more subtle origins (morphology, support, etc.) and be interrelated. In turn, the structure of supported nanoparticles is highly sensitive to the reaction conditions, as illustrated by examples of adsorption-induced surface restructuring and segregation. In spite of this complexity, it will be shown that the recent advances in operando experimentation and computer simulation open the way to a “rational design” of bimetallic catalysts.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The additional structure at the bottom of the downshifted 5σ orbital is only due to the interaction with the 4σ orbital of CO.

  2. 2.

    These examples show again that the actual catalytic phase is not necessarily metallic, but may also be in hydride, carbide, or oxide -like forms, depending on the reaction conditions.

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Acknowledgments

I greatly acknowledge my colleagues Dr. Claude Descorme and Dr. Christophe Geantet for critical reading of the manuscript and fruitful discussions.

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  1. Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l’environnement de Lyon (IRCELYON), UMR 5256 CNRS and Université Lyon 1, 2 avenue Albert Einstein, 69626, Villeurbanne, France

    Laurent Piccolo

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  1. , Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, Université Paris Diderot, Bâtiment Condorcet, Paris, 75205, France

    Damien Alloyeau

  2. , Campus de Luminy, CINaM-CNRS, Case 913 913, Marseille, 13288, France

    Christine Mottet

  3. , Université Paris Diderot, Université Paris Diderot, Bâtiment Condorcet Case 7021, Paris, 75205, France

    Christian Ricolleau

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Piccolo, L. (2012). Surface Studies of Catalysis by Metals: Nanosize and Alloying Effects. In: Alloyeau, D., Mottet, C., Ricolleau, C. (eds) Nanoalloys. Engineering Materials. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4014-6_11

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