Eye Tracking Techniques

Abstract

The measurement device most often used for measuring eye movements is commonly known as an eye tracker. In general, there are two types of eye movement monitoring techniques: those that measure the position of the eye relative to the head, and those that measure the orientation of the eye in space, or the “point of regard” (Young & Sheena, 1975). The latter measurement is typically used when the concern is the identification of elements in a visual scene, e.g., in (graphical) interactive applications. Possibly the most widely applied apparatus for measurement of the point of regard is the video-based corneal reflection eye tracker. In this chapter, most of the popular eye movement measurement techniques are briefly discussed first before covering video-based trackers in greater detail.