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Biomechanics of the Gastrointestinal Tract pp 237–259Cite as

Growth and Remodelling in the Gastrointestinal Tract

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Abstract

Mechanical forces are a major determinant of tissue behaviour and are likely the single most important factor influencing growth and remodeling of tissue. An understanding of this relationship is important in deciphering how the gastrointestinal tract responds and adapts to changes in the physical environment. The passive elastic properties of the intact organ must be studied since these properties reflect the state of the structural components determining a specific function or malfunction, e.g., the wall stress is modulated by changes in the wall structure due to obstructive diseases (Gregersen et al., 1992; Schulze-Delrieu et al., 1988; Ravinder et al., 1990). Therefore, it is desirable to study the biomechanical and morphological properties of the tissue simultaneously. The literature is relatively sparse in this regard. Gabella (1987; 1984) considered the structural apparatus for force transmission in smooth muscles, and Orberg et al. (1983) described the biaxial orientation of the collagen fibrils and the pattern of uncrimping in response to stress. Gregersen et al. (1992) found, in a partially obstructed model of the opossum oesophagus, a linear relation between the amount of collagen and the wall tension. It is likely that collagen synthesis was stimulated because of dilation and increased wall tension proximal to the site of obstruction in the oesophagus. Collagen may also be a major determinant of the biomechanical properties of the small intestine since large amounts are found in its wall.

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  1. Centre for Sensory-Motor Interaction, Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Biomechanics and Sensory-Motor Funtion, Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Aalborg Hospital, Aalborg University, Denmark

    Hans Gregersen MD, DrMSci, MPM (Professor of Bioengineering)

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Gregersen, H. (2003). Growth and Remodelling in the Gastrointestinal Tract. In: Biomechanics of the Gastrointestinal Tract. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3742-9_8

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