Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The Alimentary Tract and Exocrine Pancreas

  • Chapter
Fetal and Neonatal Pathology

  • 242 Accesses

Abstract

The gut derives from that part of the secondary yolk sac that becomes enclosed by the head, tail and lateral folds of the embryonic plate at around the 20th day of development. The head and tail folds enclose the fore- and hindgut respectively. The intermediate portion of the intraembryonic yolk sac forms the midgut which connects through a wide communication with the extraembryonic part of the secondary yolk sac (the definitive yolk sac). This communication becomes progressively reduced by better definition of the head, tail and lateral folds of the embryo (Fig. 15.1); by 28 days the communication is via a narrow vitelline duct and the umbilical cord is clearly visible. At about this time the primitive foregut and hindgut come into contact with rostral and caudal invaginations, the stomodeum and proctodeum. The omphalomesenteric duct usually becomes obliterated by the 10th week of embryonic life.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Aitken J (1963) Exomphalos. Analysis of a 10 year series of 32 cases. Arch Dis Child 38:126–129

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Amoury RA, Ashcraft KW, Holder TM (1977) Gastroschisis complicated by intestinal atresia. Surgery 82(3):373–381

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Andrew A (1971) The origin of intramural ganglia. IV The origin of enteric ganglia: a critical review and discussion of the present state of the problem. JAnat 108(1):169–184

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Antonioli DA (1997) Colitis in infants and children. In: Dahms BB, Qualman SJ (eds) Perspectives in pediatric pathology, vol 20. Karger, Basel, pp 77–110

    Google Scholar 

  • Avery ME, Fletcher BD, Williams RG (1981) The lung and its disorders in the newborn infant, 4th edn. Saunders, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  • Ballard ET (1996) Ultrashort segment Hirschsprung’s disease: a case report. Pediatr Pathol & Lab Med 16:319–325

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barr LC, Booth J, Filipe MI, Lawson JON (1985) Clinical evaluation of the histochemical diagnosis of Hirschsprung’s disease. Gut 26:393–399

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bax NMA, Pearse RG, Dommering N, Molenaar JC (1980) Perforation of the appendix in the neonatal period. J Pediatr Surg 15(2):200–202

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bell MJ, Ternberg JL, Keating JP et al. (1978) Prepyloric gastric antral web: a puzzling epidemic. J Pediatr Surg 13(3):307–313

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bell MJ, Keating JP, Ternberg JL, Bower RJ (1981) Perforated stress ulcers in infants. J Pediatr Surg 16(6):998–1002

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Benacerraf BR, Saltzman DH, Estroff JA, Frigoletto FD (1990) Abnormal karyotype of fetuses with omphalocele: Prediction based on omphalocele contents. Obstet Gynecol 75:317–319

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Benson CD, Lloyd JR, Smith JD (1960) Resection and primary anastomosis in the management of stenosis and atresia of the jejunum and ileum. Pediatrics 26:265–272

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bentley JFR, Smith JR (1960) Developmental posterior enteric remnants and spinal malformations. The split notochord syndrome. Arch Dis Child 35:76–86

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Berdon WE, Baker DH, Wigger HJ et al. (1975) Calcified intraluminal meconium in newborn males with imperforate anus. AJR 125(2):449–455

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bernstein J, Vawter G, Harris GBC, Young V, Hillman LS (1960) The occurrence of intestinal atresia in newborns with meconium ileus. Am JDis Child 99:804–818

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Berry CL, Fraser GC (1968) The experimental production of colitis in the rabbit with particular reference to Hirschsprung’s disease. J Pediatr Surg 3:36–42

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bill AH, Chapman ND (1962) The enterocolitis of Hirschsprung’s disease. Am J Surg 103:70–74

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bissler JJ, Klein RL (1988) Alimentary tract duplications in children: case and literature review. Clin Pediatr 27:152–157

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blank E, Chisolm AJ (1973) Congenital microgastria, a case report with a 26 year follow-up. Pediatrics 51(6):1037–1041

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blott M, Greenhough A, Gamsu HR, Nicolaides K, Campbell S (1998) Antenatal factors associated with obstruction of the gastrointestinal tract by meconium. Br Med J 296:250

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blisard KS, Barton SA (1986) Neonatal haemochromatosis. Hum Pathol 17:376–383

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blyth H, Dickson JAS (1969) Apple peel syndrome (congenital intestinal atresia). A family study of seven index patients. J Med Genet 6(3):275–277

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boué A, Muller F, Nezelof C et al. (1986) Prenatal diagnosis in 200 pregnancies with a 1-in-4 risk of cystic fibrosis. Hum Genet 74:288–297

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brearly S, Armstrong GR, Nairn R et al. (1987) Pseudomembranous colitis: A lethal complication of Hirschsprung’s disease unrelated to antibiotic usage. J Pediatr Surg 22(3):257–259

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bremer JL (1944) Diverticula and duplications of the intestinal tract. Arch Pathol 38:132–140

    Google Scholar 

  • Brink DA, Balsara ZN (1991) Prenatal ultrasound detection of intra-abdominal pulmonary sequestration with postnatal MRI correlation. Pediatr Radiol 21:227

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bunton GL, Durbin GM, McIntosh N et al. (1977) Necrotising enterocolitis. Arch Dis Child 52: 772–777

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carneiro PMR, Brereton RJ, Drake DP et al. (1992) Enterocolitis in Hirschsprung’s disease. Pediatr Surg Int 7:356–360

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carter CO, Evans KA (1969) Inheritance of congenital pyloric stenosis. J Med Genet 6:233–239

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cantrell JR, Haller JA, Ravitch MM (1958) A syndrome of congenital defects involving the abdominal wall, sternum, diaphragm, pericardium and heart. Surg Gynecol Obstet 107:602

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chang CH, Perrin EV, Bove KE (1983) Pyloric atresia associated with epidermolysis bullosa: special reference to pathogenesis. Pediatr Pathol 1:449–457

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chang J, Brueckner M, Rouloukian RJ (1993) Intestinal rotation and fixation abnormalities in heterotaxia: Early detection and management. J Pediatr Surg 28(10):1281–1285

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clatworthy HW, Howard WHR, Lloyd J (1956) The meconium plug syndrome. Surgery 39:131–142

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cochran WD, Davis HT, Smith CS (1968) Advantages and complications of umbilical artery catheterisation in the newborn. Pediatrics 42:769–777

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Coffin CM, Pappin AL (1997) Polyps and neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract in childhood and adolescence. In: Dahms BB, Qualman SJ (eds) Perspectives in paediatric pathology, vol 20. Basel: Karger, pp 127–171

    Google Scholar 

  • Collins DL, Kimura K, Morgan A (1986) Multiple intestinal atresia and amyoplasia congenita in four unrelated infants: A new association. J Pediatr Surg 21(4):331–333

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cook RCM, Rickham PP (1969) Neonatal intestinal obstruction due to milk curds. J Pediatr Surg 4(6):599–605

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Corkery JJ, Dubowitz V, Lister J, Moosa A (1968) Colonic perforation after exchange transfusion. Br Med J II: 345–349

    Google Scholar 

  • Cotton PB (1980) Congenital anomaly of pancreas divisum as cause of obstructive pain and pancreatitis. Gut 21:105–114

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Coutinho HB, Carmona de Mota H, Coutinho VB et al. (1998) Absence of lysozyme (muramidase) in the intestinal paneth cells of newborn infants with necrotizing enterocolitis. J Clin Pathol 51:512–514

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cruickshank AH (1986) Pathology of the pancreas. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Cunningham P, Rose JS, Sokol A, Bleicher MA (1980) A case of neonatal intussusception. J Pediatr Surg 15(2):203–204

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Currie ABM, Hemalatha AH, Doraiswamy NV, Cos SA (1983) Colonic atresia associated with Hirschsprung’s disease. J R Coll Surg Edinb 28:31–34

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Déchelotte PJ, Mulliez NM, Bouvier RJ, Vanlieféringhen P, Lémery DJ (1992) Pseudo-meconium ileus due to cytomegalovirus infection: A report of three cases. Pediatr Pathol 12:73–82

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • deLorimier AA, Fonkalsrud EW, Hays DM (1969) Congenital atresia and stenosis of the jejunum and ileum. Surgery 65(5):819–827

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Denes J, Honti J, Leb J (1967) Dorsal herniation of the gut: a rare manifestation of the split notochord syndrome. J Pediatr Surg 2(4):359–363

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • deVries P (1980) The pathogenesis of gastroschisis and omphalocele. J Pediatr Surg 15(3):245–251

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dickson JAS (1970) Apple peel small bowel: an uncommon variant of duodenal and jejunal atresia. J Pediatr Surg 5(6):595–600

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dickson JAS, Variend S (1983): Colonic neuronal dysplasia. Acta Paediatr Scand 72:635–637

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dimmick JE, Hardwich DF (1992) Gastrointestinal system and exocrine pancreas. In: Dimmick JE, Klousek DK (eds) Developmental pathology of the embryo and fetus. J B Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, pp 509–544

    Google Scholar 

  • Dirkes K, Crombleholme TM, Craigo SD et al. (1995) The natural history of meconium peritonitis diagnosed in utero. J Pediatr Surg 30:979–982

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dohn K, Povlsen O (1951) Enterocystomas. Report of six cases. Acta Chir Scand 102:21–35

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Donnison AB, Shwachman H, Gross RE (1966) A review of 164 children with meconium ileus seen at the Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Boston. Pediatrics 37(5):833–850

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dudgeon DL, Coran AG, Lauppe FA, Hodgman Joan E, Rosenkrantz JG (1973) Surgical management of acute necrotising enterocolitis in infancy. J Pediatr Surg 8:607–614

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Duncan BW, Adzick NS, Eraklis A (1992) Retroperitoneal alimentary tract duplications detected in utero. J Pediatr Surg 27:1231–33

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Durham Smith E (1968) Urinary anomalies and complications in imperforate anus and rectum. J Pediatr Surg 3(3):337–349

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elhalaby EA, Coran AG, Blane CE et al. (1995) Enterocolitis associated with Hirschsprung’s disease: a clinical-radiological characterization based on 168 patients. J Pediatr Surg 30(1):76–83

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elliott K, Knight J (1974) Size at birth. Ciba Found Symp 27:202–203

    Google Scholar 

  • Engel RR, Virnig NL, Hunt CE, Levitt MD (1973) Origin of mural gas in necrotising enterocolitis. Pediatr Res 7:292

    Google Scholar 

  • Engum SA, Petrites M, Rescorla J et al. (1993) Familial Hirschsprung’s disease: 20 cases in 12 kindreds. J Pediatr Surg 28(10):1286–1290

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Esterly JR, Baghdassarian OM (1963) Presacral neuroenteric cyst: an unusual malformation resulting from persistence of the neuroenteric canal. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp 113:202–210

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Faix RG, Adam SJT (1994) Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis: current concepts and controversies. Adv Pediatr Infect Dis 9:1–36

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fallon M, Gordon ARG, Lendrum AC (1954) Mediastinal cysts of foregut origin associated with vertebral abnormalities. Br J Surg 41: 520–533

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Favara BE, Franciosi RA, Akers DR (1971) Enteric duplications. Thirty seven cases: a vascular theory of pathogenesis. Am JArch Dis Child 122:501–506

    Google Scholar 

  • Fonkalsrud EW, deLorimier AA, Hays DM (1969) Congenital atresia and stenosis of the duodenum. Pediatrics 43(1):79–83

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Forouhar F (1982) Meconium peritonitis. Am J Clin Pathol 78:208–213

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Franz ID, L’Heureux P, Engel RR, Hunt CE (1975) Necrotising enterocolitis. J Pediatr 86:259–263

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fuhr AH, Krogh PHJ (1972) Congenital epulis of the newborn. J Oral Surg 30: 30–35

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fujimoto T, Hata J, Yokoyama S, Mitomi T (1989) A study of the extracellular matrix protein as the migration pathway of neural crest cells in the gut: analysis in human embryos with special reference to the pathogenesis of Hirschsprung’s disease. J Pediatr Surg 24:550–556

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garrett JR, Howard ER, Nixon HH (1969) Autonomic nerves in rectum and colon in Hirschsprung’s disease. A Cholinesterase and catecholamine histochemical study. Arch Dis Child 44:406–417

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gauderer MWL, Rothstein FC, Izant RJ (1984) Ileal atresia with long-segment Hirschsprung’s disease in a neonate. J Pediatr Surg 19(1):15–17

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg HM, Johnson TP (1962) Posterior abdominothoracic enteric duplications. Br J Surg 50:445–449

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gonzalez-Crussi F (1980) Extragonadal teratomas. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Goto S, Ikeda K, Toyohara T (1984) Histochemical confirmation of the acetylcholinesterase-activity in rectal suction biosy from neonates with Hirschsprung’s disease. Z Kinderchir 39:246–249

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gough MH (1961) Congenital abnormalities of the anus and rectum. Arch Dis Child 36:146–151

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greenwood RD, Rosenthal A, Nadas AS (1974) Cardiovascular malformations associated with omphalocele. J Pediatr 85(6):818–821

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grosfeld JL, O’Neill JA, Clatworthy HW (1970) Enteric duplications in infancy and childhood: an 18 year review. Ann Surg 172(1):83–90

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grosfeld JL, Dalsing MC, Hull M, Weber TR (1983) Neonatal apnea, xanthines, and necrotising enterocolitis. J Pediatr Surg 18(1):80–84

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hakanson DO, Oh W (1977) Necrotising enterocolitis and hyperviscosity in the newborn infant. J Pediatr 90:458–461

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hartwig NG, Vermeij-Keers CHR, deVries HE, Kagie M, Kragt H (1989) Limb body wall malformation complex: an embryologic etiology? Hum Pathol 20(11):1071–1077

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hashida Y, Jaffe R, Yunis E J (1983) Pancreatic pathology in trisomy 13: specificity of the morphologic lesion. Pediatr Pathol 1:169–178

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heller K, Waag KL, Beyersdorf F (1989) Intestinal duplications — intestinal diverticula — segmental dilatation of the intestine: a common genetic complex. Pediatr Surg Int 4: 249–253

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hershenson MB, Brouillette RT, Klemka L et al. (1985) Respiratory insufficiency in newborns with abdominal wall defects. J Pediatr Surg 20:348–353

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Higginbottom MC, Jones KL, Hall BD, Smith DW (1979) The amniotic band disruption complex: timing of amniotic rupture and variable spectra of consequent defects. J Pediatr 95(4):544–549

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Holder TM, Cloud DT, Lewi SJE, Pilling GP IV (1964) Esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula. Pediatrics 34:542–549

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Holgersen LO (1981) The etiology of spontaneous gastric perforation of the newborn: a re-evaluation. J Pediatr Surg 16(4,1):608–613

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Holsclaw DS, Eckstein HB, Nixon HH (1965) Meconium ileus. A 20 year review of 109 cases. Am JDis Child 109:101–113

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Howard FM, Flynn DM, Bradley JM, Noone P, Swawatkowski M (1977) Outbreak of necrotising enterocolitis caused by Clostridium butyricum: Lancet 11:1099–1102

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Howell WE, Stein H, Romaro AJ (1972) Sublingual dermoid cyst in infant: report of case. J Oral Surg 30:437–441

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hoyme HE, Higginbottom MC, Jones KL (1981) The vascular pathogenesis of gastroschisis: intrauterine interruption of the omphalomesenteric artery. J Pediatr 98(2):228–231

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hsueh W, Caplan MS, Tan X, McKendrick W, Gonzalez-Crussi F (1998) Necrotizing enterocolitis of the newborn: pathogenetic concepts in perspective. Pediatr Develop Pathol 1:2–16

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huntley CC, Shaffner L, Challa VR, Lyerly AD (1982) Histochemical diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease. Pediatrics 69(6):775–761

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackson JM (1963) Annular pancreas and duodenal obstruction in the neonate. A review. Arch Surg 87:379–383

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jackson RH, Bird AR (1961) Meckel’s diverticulum in childhood. Br Med J 11:1399–1402

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jaffe R (1991) The pancreas. In: Wigglesworth JS, Singer DB (eds) Fetal and perinatal pathology, vol 2. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Boston, pp 1021–1055

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnston JH, Penn IA (1966) Exstrophy of the cloaca. Br J Urol 38:302–307

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jones PG (1963) Exomphalos (syn. omphalocele). A review of 45 cases. Arch Dis Child 38:180–187

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jones KL (1997) Smith’s recognizable patterns of human malformations, 5th edn. Saunders, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  • Kiesewetter WB, Smith JE (1958) Malrotation of the midgut in infancy and childhood. AMAArch Surg 77:483–491

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • King A, Mueller RF, Heeley AR, Roberton NRC (1986) Diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in premature infants. Pediatr Res 20:536–541

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • King DR, Savrin R, Boles ET (1980) Gastroschisis update. J Pediatr Surg 15(4):553–557

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klein MD, Coran JAG, Wesley JR, Drongowski RA (1984) Hirschsprung’s disease in the newborn. J Pediatr Surg 9(4):370–374

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kleinhaus S, Boley SJ, Sheran M, Sieber WK (1979) Hirschsprung’s disease. A survey of the members of the surgical section of the American Academy of Pediatrics. J Pediatr. Surg 14(5):588–597

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kliegman RM (1990) Neonatal necrotising enterocolitis: bridging the basic science with the clinical disease. J Pediatr 117:833–835

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Konje JC, de Chazal R, MacFadyen U, Taylor DJ (1995) Antenatal diagnosis and management of meconium peritonitis: a case report and review of the literature. Ultrasound Obstet Gynaecol 6:66–69

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kopel FB (1972) Gastrointestinal manifestations of cystic fibrosis. Curr Clin Concepts 62(3):483–491

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kubota Y, Shimotake T, Yanigihara J, Iwai N (1998) Development of anorectal malformations using etretinate. J Pediatr Surg 33:127–129

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lake BD (1981) Metabolic disorders: general considerations. In: Berry CL (ed) Pediatr Path. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, pp 617–639

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Lemire RJ, Graham CB, Beckwith JB (1971) Skin-covered sacrococcygeal masses in infants and children. J Pediatr 79(6):948–954

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lemon SJA, Ridenour R, Orsini EN (1979) Congenital absence of the pancreas and intrauterine growth retardation. Pediatrics 64(2):255–257

    Google Scholar 

  • Lister J, Rickham PP (1980) Hirschsprung’s disease. In: Rickham PP, Lister J, Irving IM (eds) Neonatal surgery, 2nd edn. Butterworths, London, pp 441–455

    Google Scholar 

  • Lloyd JR (1969) The etiology of gastrointestinal perforations in the newborn. J Pediatr Surg 4:77–84

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lorimer WS, Ellis DG (1966) Meconium peritonitis. Surgery 60(2):470–475

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Louw JH (1966) Jejunoileal atresia and stenosis. J Pediatr Surg 1(1):8–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McFadden DE, Pantzar JT (1992) Genital System. In: Dimmick JE, Kalousek DK (eds) Developmental pathology of the embryo and fetus. J B Lippincott company, Philadelphia, pp 605–624

    Google Scholar 

  • McLetchie NGB, Purve SJK, Saunders RLdeCH (1954) The genesis of gastric and certain intestinal diverticula and enterogenous cysts. Surg Gynecol Obstet 99:135–141

    Google Scholar 

  • Mann L, Feguson-Smith MA, Desai M, Gibson AAM, Raine PAM (1984) Prenatal assessment of anterior abdominal wall defects and their prognosis. Prenat Diagn 4:427–435

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marchildon MB, Buck BE, Abdenour G (1982) Necrotising enterocolitis in the unfed infant. J Pediatr Surg 17: 620–623

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin LW, Perrin EV (1967) Neonatal perforation of the appendix in association with Hirschsprung’s disease. Ann Surg 166(5):799–802

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martinez-Mora J, Boix-Ochoa J, Tresserra L (1971) Vascular tumours of the parotid region in children. Surg Gynecol Obstet 133:973–977

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martucciello G, Ceccherini I, Lerone M, Jasonni V (2000) Pathogenesis of Hirschsprung’s disease. J Ped Surg 35(7): 1017–1025

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meier-Ruge W (1974) Hirschsprung’s disease: its aetiology, pathogenesis and differential diagnosis. Curr Top Pathol 59:131–179

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Merriam JC, Benirschke K (1959) Esophageal erosions in the newborn. Lab Invest 8:39–47

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Milla PJ, Smith VV (1993) Intestinal neuronal dysplasia. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutrition 17:365–357

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller ME, Graham JM, Higginbottom MC, Smith DW (1981) Compression-related defects from early amnion rupture: evidence for mechanical teratogenesis. J Pediatr 98(2):292–297

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miller JP, Smith SD, Newman B, Sukarochana K (1988) Neonatal abdominal calcification: Is it always meconium peritonitis? J Pediatr Surg 23(6):555–556

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mizrahi A, Barlow O, Berdon W, Blanc WA, Silverman WA (1965) Necrotising enterocolitis in premature infants. J Pediatr 66:697–706

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moore TC, Schumacker HB (1952) Intussusception of ileum through persistent omphalomesenteric duct. Surgery 31:278–284

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morrell MT, Keynes M (1981) Annular pancreas. In: Keynes WM, Keith RG (eds) The pancreas. Heinemann, London, pp 159–168

    Google Scholar 

  • Muller F, Aubry MC, Gasser B et al. (1985) Prenatal diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. Prenat Diagn 5:109–117.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nacheff M, Morgan R, Einsenstein EM (1964) The surgical treatment of perforated duodenal ulcer in the newborn. Am J Surg 108:717–723

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nakayama DK, Harrison MR, Gross BH et al. (1984) Management of the fetus with an abdominal wall defect. J Pediatr Surg 19:408–413

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Neal WA, Reynold SJW, Jarvis CW, Williams HJ (1972) Umbilical artery catheterisation: demonstration of arterial thrombosis by aortography. Pediatrics 50:6–13

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Neilson IR, Yazbeck S (1990) Ultrashort Hirschsprung’s disease: myth or reality. J Pediatr Surg 25(11):1135–1138

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nicolaides KH, Rodeck CH, Fosden CM (1986) Rapid karyotyping in non-lethal fetal malformations. Lancet 1:283–287

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nixon HH, Tawes R (1971) Etiology and treatment of small intestinal atresia: analysis of a series of 127 jejunoileal atresias and comparison with 62 duodenal atresias. Surgery 69:41–51

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nyberg DA, Fitzsimmon SJ, Mack LA et al. (1989) Chromosomal abnormalities in fetuses with omphalocele. J Ultrasound Med 8:299–308

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Okamoto E, Ueda T (1967) Embryogenesis of intramural ganglia of the gut and its relation to Hirschsprung’s disease. J Pediatr Surg 2(5):437–443

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olsen MM, Luck SR, Lloyd-Still J, Raffensperger JG (1982) The spectrum of meconium disease in infancy. J Pediatr Surg 17(5):479–481

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oppenheimer EH, Esterly JR (1962) Observations in cystic fibrosis of the pancreas. II Neonatal intestinal obstruction. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp 111:1

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oppenheimer EH, Esterly JR (1975) Pathology of cystic fibrosis. Review of literature and comparison with 146 autopsied cases. In: Rosenberg HS, Bolande RP (eds) Perspectives in pediatric pathology, vol 2. Year Book Medical Publishers, Chicago, pp 241–278

    Google Scholar 

  • Parikh DH, Tarn PKH, Lloyd DA, van Velzen D, Edgar DH (1992) Quantitative and qualitative analysis of the extracellular matrix protein, laminin, in Hirschsprung’s disease. J Pediatr Surg 27:991–6

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Park RW, Grand RJ (1981) Gastrointestinal manifestations of cystic fibrosis: a review. Gastroenterology 81:1143–61

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Parrish RA, Sherman RT, Wilson H (1964) Spontaneous rupture of the gastro-enteric tract in the newborn: a report of 13 cases and description of a characteristic x-ray finding. Ann Surg 159: 244–251

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Partridge JP, Gough MH (1961) Congenital abnormalities of the anus and rectum. Br J Surg 49:37–49

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Philippart AI, Reed JO, Geargeson KE (1975) Neonatal small left colon syndrome: intramural not intraluminal obstruction. J Pediatr Surg 10:733–739

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pokorny WJ, McGill CW, Harberg FJ (1984) Morgagni hernias during infancy: presentation and associated anomalies. J Pediatr Surg 19(4):394–397

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Puri P, Lake BD, Gorman F, O’Donnell B, Nixon HH (1983) Megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome: a visceral myopathy. J Pediatr Surg 18(1):64–69

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Qualman SJ, Murray R (1994) Aganglionosis and related disorders. Hum Pathol 25:1141–1149

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Qualman SJ, Pysher T, Schauer G (1997) Hirschsprung’s disease: differential diagnosis and sequelae. In: Dahms BB, Qualman SJ (eds) Perspectives in pediatric pathology, vol 20. Karger, Basel, Switzerland, pp 111–126

    Google Scholar 

  • Quan L, Smith DW (1973) The VATER association. J Pediatr 82(1):104–107

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reiquam CW, Allen RP, Akers DR (1965) Normal and abnormal small bowel lengths. An analysis of 389 autopsy cases in infants and children. Am JDis Child 109:447–451

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rickham PP (1955) Peritonitis in the neonatal period. Arch Dis Child 30:23–31

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rickham PP, Boeckman CR (1965) Neonatal meconium obstruction in the absence of mucovisicidosis. Am J Surg 109:173–177

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robertson FM, Crombleholme TM, Paidas M, Harris, BH (1994) Prenatal diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal anomalies. Semin Perinatol 18:182–195

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rodin AE, Nichols MM, Hsu FL (1973) Necrotising enterocolitis occurring in full-term neonates at birth. Arch Pathol 96:335–338

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rohde RA, Hodgman JE, Cleland RS (1964) Multiple congenital anomalies in the El-trisomy (Group 16–18) syndrome. Pediatrics 33:258–270

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenstein B J, Langbaum TS (1980) Incidence of meconium abnormalities in newborn infants with cystic fibrosis. Am JDis Child 134:72–73

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rothschild HB, Storck A, Myers B (1953) Mesenteric occlusion in a newborn infant. J Pediatr 43:569–572

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Santulli TV, Amoury RA (1967) Congenital anomalies of the gastrointestinal tract. Pediatr Clin North Am 14:21–45

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Santulli TV, Blanc WA (1961) Congenital atresia of the intestine: pathogenesis and treatment. Am Surg 151:939–948

    Google Scholar 

  • Santulli TV, Schullinger JN, Heird WC et al. (1975) Acute necrotising enterocolitis in infancy: a review of 64 cases. Pediatrics 55:376–387

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scharli AF, Meier-Ruge W (1981) Localized and disseminated forms of neuronal intestinal dysplasia mimicking Hirschsprung’s disease. J Pediatr Surg 16(2):164–17

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shaw A (1975) The myth of gastroschisis. J Pediatr Surg 10(2):235–241

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Siebert JR, Beckwith JB (1984) Left ventricular hypoplasia in congenital diaphragmatic hernia. J Pediatr Surg 19(5):567–571

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith B, Clatworthy HW (1961) Meconium peritonitis: prognostic significance. Pediatrics 27:967–970

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith JR (1960) Accessory enteric formations. Arch Dis Child 35:87–89

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith VV, Milla PJ (1997) Histological phenotypes of enteric smooth muscle disease causing functional intestinal obstruction in childhood. Histopathology 31:112–122

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Snyder WH, Chaffin L (1954) Embryology and pathology of the intestinal tract: presentation of 40 cases of malrotation. Ann Surg 140:368–379

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Siplovich L, Davies MRQ, Kaschula ROC, Cywes S (1988) Intestinal obstruction in the newborn with congenital syphilis. J Pediatr Surg 23(9):810–813

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spicer RD (1982) Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis: a review. Br J Surg 69:128–135

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Srikanth MS, Ford EG, Isaacs HJr, Mahour H (1993) Megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalis syndrome: late sequelae and possible pathogenesis. J Pediatr Surg 28:957–959

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stephens FD, Durham Smith E (1986) Classification, identification and assessment of surgical treatment of anorectal anomalies. Pediatr Surg Int 1:200–205

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stevenson JK, Graham CB, Oliver TK, Goldenberg VE (1969) Neonatal necrotising enterocolitis — a report of twenty-one cases with fourteen survivors. Am J Surg 118:260–272

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stewart DR, Colodny AL, Dagget WC (1976) Malrotation of the bowel in infants and children: a 15 year review. Surgery 79(6):716–720

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stocker JT, Heifetz SA (1987) Sirenomelia. A morphological study of 33 cases and review of the literature. Perspect Pediatr Pathol 10:7–50

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • St-Vil D, Shaw KS, Lallier M, Yazbeck S, Di Lorenzo M (1996) Chromosomal anomalies in newborns with omphalocele. J Pediatr Surg 31(6):831–834

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Suita S, Okamatsu T, Yamamoto T et al. (2000) Changing profile of abdominal wall defects in Japan: Results of a National Survey. J Ped Surg 35(1):66–72

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sullivan PB (1996) Hirschsprung’s disease. Arch Dis Childh 74:5–7

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tan, HL, Yoong A, Yu CCW (2000) Ectopic pancreatic rests: a rare cause of persistent umbilical discharge. Ped Surg Internat (16):116–117

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tang TT, Glicklich M, Siegesmund KA, Oechler HWMcCreadie SR (1979) Neonatal cystic choristoma in submandibular salivary gland simulating cystic hygroma. Arch Pathol Lab Med 103: 537–539

    Google Scholar 

  • Teich S, Schisgall RM, Anderson KD (1986) Ischemic enterocolitis as a complication of Hirschsprung’s disease. J Pediatr Surg 21(2): 143–145

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Teitelbaum DH, Caniano DA, Qualman SJ (1989) The pathophysiology of Hirschsprung’s-associated enterocolitis: importance of histologic correlates. J Pediatr Surg 24(12):1271–1277

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Temtamy SA, Miller JD (1974) Extending the scope of the VATER association: definition of the VATER syndrome. J Pediatr 85(3):345–349

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thomaidis TS, Arey JB (1963) The intestinal lesions in cystic fibrosis of the pancreas. J Pediatr 63:444–453

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas DFM, Fernie DS, Bayston R, Spitz L, Nixon HH (1986) Enterocolitis in Hirschsprung’s disease: a controlled study of the etiologic role of Clostridium difficile. J Pediatr Surg 21(1):22–25

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thurlbeck WM (1992) Respiratory System. In: Dimmick JE, Kalousek DK (eds) Developmental pathology of the embryo and fetus. J B Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, pp 437–466

    Google Scholar 

  • Tibboel D, van Nie, CJ, Molenaar JC (1980) The effects of temporary general hypoxia and local ischemia on the development of the intestines: an experimental study. J Pediatr Surg 15(1):57–62

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tibboel D, Gaillard JLJ, Molenaar JC (1986) The importance of mesenteric vascular insufficiency in meconium peritonitis. Hum Pathol 17:411–416

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Touloukian RJ (1973) Gastric ischaemia: the primary factor in neonatal perforation. Clin Paediatr 12:219–225

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Toyama WM (1972) Combined congenital defects of the anterior abdominal wall, sternum, diaphragm, pericardium, and heart: a case report and review of the syndrome. Pediatrics 50(5):778–792

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • van der Putte SCJ (1986) Normal and abnormal development of the anorectum. J Pediatr Surg 21(5):434–440

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vanamo K (1996) A 45-year perspective of congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Br J Surg 83:1758–1762

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Variend S, Howat AJ (1988) Upper oesophageal gastric heterotopia: a prospective necropsy study in children. J Clin Path 41:742–545

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vawter GF, Tefft M (1966) Congenital tumours of the parotid gland. Arch Pathol 82:242–245

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Veeneklaas GMH (1952) Pathogenesis of intrathoracic gastro-genic cysts. Am JDis Child 83:500–507

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vinograd I, Mogle P, Peleg O, Alpan G, Lernau OZ (1983) Meconium disease in premature infants with very low birth weight. J Pediatr 103:963–966

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wallis C (1997) Diagnosing cystic fibrosis: blood, sweat, and tears. Arch Dis Child 76:85–91

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Waterston DJ, Bonham Carter RE, Aberdeen E (1962) Oesophageal atresia: tracheo-oesophageal fistula. A study of survival in 218 infants. Lancet 1:819–822

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weaver DD, Mapstone CL, Yu P (1986) The Vater association. Analysis of 46 patients. Am JDis Child 140:225–229

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weinberg AG (1975) Hirschsprung’s disease — a pathologist’s view. In: Rosenberg HS, Bolande RP (eds) Perspectives in pediatric pathology, vol 2. Year Book Medical Publishers, Chicago, pp 207–239

    Google Scholar 

  • Weitzman JJ, Vanderhoof RS (1966) Jejunal atresia with agenesis of the dorsal mesentery. Am J Surg 111:443–449

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • White RB (1956) Meconium peritonitis: a surgical emergency. J Pediatr 48:793–796

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wiswell TE, Rawlings JS, Wilson JL, Pettett G (1979) Megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome. Pediatrics 63(5):805–808

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Young DG, Wilkinson AW (1968) Abnormalities associated with neonatal duodenal obstruction. Surgery 63(5):832–836

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yutani C, Sakurai M, Miyaji T, Okuno M (1973) Congenital short intestine. Arch Pathol 96:81–82

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Dick Variend
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Paediatric Pathology, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Lothian University Hospitals NHS Trust, 2 Rillbank Crescent, Edinburgh, EH9 1LF, UK

    Jean W. Keeling MB, BS, FRCPath, FRCP Edin, FRCPCH

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2001 Springer-Verlag London

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Variend, D. (2001). The Alimentary Tract and Exocrine Pancreas. In: Keeling, J.W. (eds) Fetal and Neonatal Pathology. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3682-8_15

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3682-8_15

  • Publisher Name: Springer, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-3684-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-3682-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation