Skip to main content

Basic Laser Optics

  • Chapter
Laser Material Processing

Abstract

In this chapter the basic nature of light and its interaction with matter is described and the fundamentals of how such energy can be manipulated in direction and shape are presented.

“Boswell: “Then, Sir, what is poetry?””

Johnson: “Why, Sir, it is much easier to say what it is not. We all know what light is; but it is not easy to tell what it is”

Boswell’s Life of Johnson.

Open the second shutter so that more light can come in”

Attributed as the dying words of Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe 1749-1832

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Huygen.C. ’ Traite de la Lumiere“ 1678, pubi Leiden 1690.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Newton.I. Opticks 1st edition 1704.

    Google Scholar 

  3. EinsteinA. paper 1905; Nobel Prize 1921.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Heisenberg.W.K. Nobel Prize 1932; Schrodinger.E. Nobel Prize 1933.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Cobine.J.D. “Gaseous Conductors” McGraw Hill, New York,1941.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Nonhof.C.J. “Material Processing with Nd-YAG Lasers” Publ Elctro Chemical Publications Ltd., 8 Barns St., Ayr, Scotland, 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Hector.L.G., Kim.W.S., Ozisiki. “Propagation and reflection of thermal waves in finite mediums due to axisymmetric surface waves” Proc XXII ICHMT Int Symp. on Manufcaturing and Material Procesing, Dubrovnik, Aug 1990 to be pubi.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Laser Focus World Aug 1994 pp67–74.

    Google Scholar 

  9. American Institute of Physics Handbook ed E.G.Gray McGraw Hill Book Co. 3rd Ed (1857).

    Google Scholar 

  10. Jupner.W., Rohte.W., Sepold.G., Teske.K. DVS Berichte 63 p222 1983

    Google Scholar 

  11. Patel.RS., Brewster.M.Q. “Effects of oxidation on low power NdYAG Laser metal interactions” Proc 7th Int Conf on Lasers and Electro Optics ICALEO ‘88, Oct/Nov 1988 Santa Clara Calif. publ Springer Verlag/IFS 1988 p313–323.

    Google Scholar 

  12. O’Neill.W. Ph.D. Thesis London University 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Kielman.F. “Stimulated absorption of CO2 laser light on metals” Proc NATO Adv. Study Inst. on Laser Surface Treatment, San Miniato, Italy, Sept 1985 p17–22.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Miniato, Italy, Sept 1985 p17–22.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Jenkins.FA, White.H.E. “Fundamentals of Optics” McGraw Hill Publishing Co London 2nd ed 1953.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Bohren.C.F. Huffman. D.R “Absorption and Scattering of light by small particles” Wiley 1983.)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Hansen. F. and Duley. W.W. “Attenuation of laser radiation by particles duringlaser material procesing” Journal Laser ApplicationsVol 6 No. 3 pp 137–143 1994.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Akhter. K. Ph.D. Thesis, London 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Sharp.M., Henry.P., Steen.W.M., Lim.G.C. “An analysis of the effects of mode structure on laser material processing” Proc. Laser ‘83 Optoelectronic Conf. Munich June 1983 ed Waidelich. p243–246.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Greening D. “Quality factor reveals beam divergence problem” Optics and Laser Engineering April 1994 pp 25–28.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Langhorn C., Kanzler K. ‘Thermal focusing in CO2 lenses“ Industrial Laser Review Dec 1994 pp 15–17.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Miyamoto. I. et al SPIE vol 1276 CO2 lasers and Applications II (1990) pp 1122.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Barak. S. Giesen. A. “Finite element Analysis of the transient behaviour of optical components under irradiation” proc SPIE conf vol 1441 pp 420–429.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Lowrey.W.H., Swantner.W.H., “Pick a laser lens that does what you want it to” Laser Focus World May 1989 p121–130.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Zoske.U., Giesen.A. “Optimisation of beam parameters of focussing optics” Proc 5th Int Conf on Lasers in Manufacturing (LIM5) Stuttgart Sept.1988 publ IFS publications Ltd. p267–278.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Patt.P.J. “Binary phase gratings for material processing” Journ Laser Appl. Vol 2, No 2, p 11–17 1990.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Taghizadeh M.R, Blair P.,Barton I.M.,Layet B.,Addle A’Introduction to design and fabrication of diffraction optical elements“ Microelect. Eng.J. Elsevier Press to be published 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Casperson L.W. “How phase plates transform and control laser beams” LFW May 1994 pp 223–228.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Stutz.G.E. “Laser scanning systems” Photonics Spectra June 1990 p113–116.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Zheng.H.U. Ph.D. Thesis, London University 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Weber.H.P., Hodel.W. “High power transmission through optical fibres for material processing” Ind. Laser Annual Handbook 1987 p33–39.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Walker.R “Fibreoptic beam delivery leads to versatile systems” Industrial Laser Review ILR July 1990 p5–6.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Beck. T., Reng N., Richter K. “Fibre type and quality dictate barn delivery characteristics” Laser Focus World Oct 1993 pp 111–115

    Google Scholar 

  34. Miyagi and Karasawa Appl. Optics 29, 367 (1990).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1998 Springer-Verlag London

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Steen, W.M. (1998). Basic Laser Optics. In: Laser Material Processing. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3609-5_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3609-5_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-76174-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-3609-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics