Abstract
The importance to clinical practice of information obtained by adequate necropsy examination of babies dying in the perinatal and neonatal periods (Alberman 1980) is often not fully appreciated by histopathologists providing a biopsy-orientated service for adult patients. Examination of stillborn infants has been particularly neglected. This is probably related both to the unattractive nature of the material and to negative expectations concerning the likelihood of being able to make specific diagnoses.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Alberman E (1980) Prospects for better perinatal health. Lancet I: 189–192.
Alberman ED, Creasy MR (1977) Frequency of chromosomal abnormalities in miscarriages and perinatal deaths. J Med Genet 14: 313–315.
Barson AJ (1981) The perinatal postmortem. In: Barson AJ (ed) Laboratory investigation of fetal disease. Wright, Bristol, pp 476-497.
Benson PF, Fensom AH (1985) Genetic biochemical disorders. Oxford monographs on medical genetics No 12. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Berry CL (1980) The examination of embryonic and fetal material in diagnostic histopathology laboratories. J Clin Pathol 33: 317–326.
Blanc WA (1981) Pathology of the placenta, membranes and umbilical cord in bacterial, fungal and viral infections in man. In: Naeye RL, Kissane JM, Kaufman, N (eds) Perinatal disease. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, pp 67–132.
Boyd PA, Brown RA, Stewart WJ (1980) Quantitative structural differences within the normal term human placenta: a pilot study. Placenta 1: 337–344.
Campbell S, Pearce JMF (1985) Ultrasound in obstetrics and gynaecology. In: McDonald RR (ed) Scientific basis of obstetrics and gynaecology. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, pp 304–349.
Chamberlain GVP (1985) The length of labour. In: Crawford JW (ed) Risks of labour. Wiley, Chichester, pp 1–10.
Cooke RWI, Lucas A, Yudkin PLN, Pryse-Davies J (1977) Head circumference as an index of brain weight in the foetus and newborn. Early Hum Dev 1: 145–149.
Dorovini-Zis K, Dolman CL (1977) Gestational development of brain. Arch Pathol Lab Med 101: 192–195.
Elejalde BR, Mercedes de Elejalde M, Gilman M (1985) Analysis of the human fetal skeleton and organs with xeroradiography. Am J Obstet Gynecol 151: 666–670.
Emery JL, Kalpaktsoglou PK (1967) The costochondral junction during later stages of intrauterine life, and abnormal growth patterns found in association with perinatal death. Arch Dis Child 42: 1–13.
Foote GA, Wilson AJ, Stewart JH (1978) Perinatal post-mortem radiography—experience with 2500 cases. Br J Radiol 51: 351–356.
Gairdner D, Pearson J (1971) A growth chart for premature and other infants. Arch Dis Child 46: 783–794.
Gruenwald P, Laurence KM (1968) A method of examining the brain of the newborn. Dev Med Child Neurol 10: 64–68.
Gruenwald P, Minh HN (1960) Evaluation of body and organ weights in perinatal pathology. Am J Clin Pathol 34: 247–253.
Gruenwald P, Minh HN (1961) Evaluation of body and organ weights in perinatal pathology. Am J Obstet Gynecol 82: 312–319.
Isaacson G (1984) Postmortem examination of infant brains. Arch Pathol Lab Med 108: 80–81.
Kelehan P (1984) Technique for removal of the newborn middle and inner ear. In: Wigglesworth JS (ed) Perinatal pathology. Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 431–433.
Kliegman RM, King KC (1983) Intrauterine growth retardation: determinants of aberrant fetal growth. In: Fanaroff AA, Martin RJ (eds) Behrman’s neonatal-perinatal medicine: diseases of the fetuses and infant, 3rd edn. Mosby, St Louis, pp 49–80.
Langley FA (1971) The perinatal postmortem examination. J Clin Pathol 24: 159–169.
Laurence KM, Martin D (1959) A technique for obtaining undistorted. specimens of the central nervous system. J Clin Pathol 12: 188–190.
Lucas A, Cole TJ, Gandy GM (1986) Birthweight centiles in preterm infants reappraised. Early Hum Dev 13: 313–322.
Milner RDG, Richards B (1974) An analysis of birth weight by gestational age of infants born in England and Wales, 1967 to 1971. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Common 81: 956–967.
Mueller RF, Sybert VP, Johnson J, Brown ZA, Chen WJ (1983) Evaluation of a protocol for post-mortem examination of stillbirths. N Engl J Med 309: 586–590.
Muller J, McCombs RV (1984) Brain-cutting device for correlation with CT-scan planes of section. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 62: 257–258.
Naeye RL (1983) The investigation of perinatal deaths. N Engl J Med 309: 611–612.
Naeye RL (1985) Umbilical cord length: clinical significance. J Pediatr 107:; 278–281.
Porter HJ, Keeling JW (1987) The value of the perinatal postmortem examination. J. Clin Pathol 40: 180–184.
Pryse-Davies J (1981) The perinatal autopsy. In: Anthony PP, MacSween RNM (eds) Recent advances in histopathology. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, pp 65–82.
Pryse-Davies J, Hurley R (1979) Infections and perinatal mortality. J Antimicrob Chemother 5 (Suppl A): 59–70.
Pryse-Davies J, Smitham JH, Napier KA (1974) Factors influencing development of secondary ossification centres in the fetus and newborn. Arch Dis Child 49: 425–431.
Rushton DI (1981) Examination of products of conception from previable human pregnancies. J Clin Pathol 34: 819–835.
Rushton DI (1982) Resource implications of examination of the placenta. In: Organisation of perinatal pathology services. Harrogate seminar reports 6. Crown Copyright 1981.
Russell GA, Berry PJ (1986) Approaches to the demonstration of congenital heart disease. J Clin Pathol 39: 503–507.
Russell JGB (1981) Radiological assessment of age, retardation and death. In: Barson AJ (ed) Laboratory investigation of fetal disease. Wright, Bristol, pp 3-16.
Streeter GL (1921) Weight, sitting height, head size, foot length, and menstrual age of the human embryo. Contrib Embryol Carnegie Inst 55: 143–170.
Sutherland GR, Carter RF (1983) Cytogenetic studies: an essential part of the paediatric necropsy. J Clin Pathol 36: 140–142.
Valdes-Dapena M, Huff DS (1983) Perinatal autopsy manual. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington DC.
Wigglesworth JS (ed) (1984) Performance of the perinatal autopsy. In: Perinatal pathology. Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 48–83.
Wigglesworth JS, Husemeyer RP (1977) Intracranial birth trauma in vaginal breech delivery: the continued importance of injury to the occipital bone. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 84: 684–691.
Working Party of Obstetricians and Paediatricians in Europe (1970) Report of working party to discuss nomenclature based on gestational age and birth weight. Arch Dis Child 45: 730.
Yagel S, Adoni A, Oman S, Wax Y, Hochner-Celnikier D (1986) A statistical examination of the accuracy of combining femoral length and biparietal diameter as an index of fetal gestational age. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 93: 109–115.
Yates PO (1959) Birth trauma to the vertebral arteries. Arch Dis Child 34: 436–441.
Yudkin PL, Aboualfa M, Eyre JA, Redman CWG, Wilkinson AR (1987) The influence of elective preterm delivery on birthweight and head circumference standards. Arch Dis Child 62: 24–29.
Zaaijman J du T, Wilkinson AR, Keeling JW, Mitchell RG, Turnbull AC (1982) Spontaneous premature rupture of the membranes: bacteriology, histology and neonatal outcome. J Obstet Gynaecol 2: 155–160.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1987 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Keeling, J.W. (1987). The Perinatal Necropsy. In: Keeling, J.W. (eds) Fetal and Neonatal Pathology. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3523-4_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3523-4_1
Publisher Name: Springer, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-3525-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-3523-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive