Skip to main content

Requirements Analysis and Safety: A Case Study (using GRASP)

  • Conference paper
Safe Comp 95

Abstract

Modifications to requirements take place under many circumstances. In the case of safety critical systems, the most tragic is following an accident. Although this may ensure that the particular accident will be avoided by the modified system in the future, there is no guarantee that systems often involves compromises between different failure modes.

GRASP (Goal based Requirements Analysis Specification and Proof) is an evolving goal-driven requirements specification method, incorporating a causal modelling language, intended for the development of requirements for safety critical systems. In this paper, we show how GRASP can be used to model an accident and use it to shed light on the causes of that accident. We then demonstrate the use of GRASP in redefining the requirements to prevent future occurrences of this accident, while remaining mindful of the need to meet previously established safety requirements.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. G. Abowd, “Formal Aspects of Human Computer Interaction”, YCS 161, Department of Computer Science, University of York, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  2. E. Conklin, K Yakemovic, “A Process Oriented Approach to Design Rationale”, Human-Computer Interactions, 6(3–4), 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  3. A. C. Coombes, J. A. McDermid, “High-Level Requirements Modelling - A Causal Approach”, BCS-FACS Christmas Workshop, Imperial College, London, 16th–17th December 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  4. A. C. Coombes, P. Morris, J. A. McDermid, “Causality as a means for the expression of requirements for safety-critical systems”, COMPASS ’94, Gaithersburg, MD, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  5. A. Dardenne, A. van Lamsweerde, S. Fickas, “Goal Directed Requirements Acquisition”, Science of Computer Programming, 20(1–2), 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  6. J. de Kleer and J. S. Brown, “A Qualitative Physics Based on Confluences”, Artificial Intelligence, 24(1–3), 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  7. “Rain Factor in Loss of Lufthansa A320” Flight International, 144(4388):14, 22–28 September 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  8. “Aquaplaning ‘An A320 Crash Factor’”, Flight International, 144(4389):15, 29 September-5 October 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  9. “Actuation Delay was Crucial at Warsaw”, Right International, 144 (4391):10, 13–19 October 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  10. “Early Warsaw Result Provokes Questions”, Flight International, 144(4394):14, 3–9 November 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  11. “Warsaw Overrun was Preventable”, Flight International, 144 (4399):8 8–14 December 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  12. F. Kroger, “The Temporal Logic of Programs”, Springer-Verlag, 1987.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  13. B. Kuipers, “Qualitative Simulation: then and now”, Artificial Intelligence, 59(1–2), 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  14. P. B. Ladkin, “Analysis of a Technical Description of the Airbus A320 Braking System”, CRIN-CNRS & INRIA

    Google Scholar 

  15. R. Leitch, “Recent Progress in the Development of Qualitative Reasoning”, Herriot-Watt University, 1993

    Google Scholar 

  16. A. Lister, A. Burns, “An Architectural Framework for Timely and Reliable Distributed Information Systems (TARDIS): Description and Case Study”, YCS 140, Department of Computer Science, University of York, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  17. J. Mackie, “Causes and Conditions” in “Causation and Conditionals”, Ed. E. Sosa, Oxford University Press, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  18. T. Maibaum, “A Logic for the Formal Requirements Specification of Real-Time Embedded Systems”, Imperial College, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  19. J. A McDermid, “Support for Safety Cases and Safety Arguments using SAM”, Reliability Engineering and System Safety, 43(3), 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  20. J. McDermid, D. Pumfrey, “A Development of Hazard Analysis to Aid Software Design”, COMPASS ’94, Gaithersburg, MD, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  21. J. Moffett, J. Hall, J. McDermid, “A Model for a Causal Logic”, in prep. 1995

    Google Scholar 

  22. P. Morris, A. Coombes, J. McDermid, “Requirements and Traceability”, REFSQ ’94, Utrecht, Netherlands, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  23. J. Mylopoulos, L. Chung, B. Nixon, “Representing and Using Non-functional Requirements: A Process-Oriented Approach”, IEEE Transactions of Software Engineering, 18(6), 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  24. J. Pearl, “Embracing causality in default reasoning”, Artificial Intelligence, 35(2), June 1988

    Google Scholar 

  25. P. Ward, S. Mellor, “Structured Analysis for Real-Time Systems”, Prentice-Hall, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1995 Springer-Verlag London

About this paper

Cite this paper

Coombes, A., McDermid, J., Moffett, J., Morris, P. (1995). Requirements Analysis and Safety: A Case Study (using GRASP). In: Rabe, G. (eds) Safe Comp 95. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3054-3_24

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3054-3_24

  • Publisher Name: Springer, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-19962-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-3054-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics