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Diffuse Low-Grade Gliomas in Adults pp 99–115Cite as

The Molecular Biology of Diffuse Low-Grade Gliomas

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Abstract

The World Health Organization (WHO) grading scheme for glial neoplasms assigns grade II to three infiltrating (non-circumscribed) gliomas: diffuse astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, and oligoastrocytomas. Although commonly referred to collectively as among the “low-grade gliomas”, these three tumors represent molecularly and clinically unique entities. Each is the subject of active basic research aimed at developing a more complete understanding of its molecular biology, and the pace of such research continues to accelerate. Additionally, because prognostication and management of these tumors has historically proven challenging, translational research regarding grade II infiltrating gliomas continues in the hopes of identifying novel molecular features that can better inform diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic strategies. Unfortunately, the basic and translational literature regarding the molecular biology of WHO grade II infiltrating gliomas remains nebulous. Our goal for this chapter is to present a comprehensive discussion of current knowledge regarding the molecular characteristics of these three WHO grade II tumors on the chromosomal, genomic, and epigenomic levels. Additionally, we discuss the emerging evidence suggesting molecular differences between adult and pediatric low-grade, infiltrating gliomas. Finally, we present an overview of current strategies for using molecular data to classify low-grade, infiltrating gliomas into clinically relevant categories based on tumor biology.

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  1. Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, FC7, Houston, TX, 77030, USA

    Nicholas F. Marko MD

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor and Neuro-Oncology Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Robert J. Weil MD

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  1. , INSERM U1051, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpelli, av. Augustin Fliche 80, Montpellier, 34295, France

    Hugues Duffau

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Marko, N.F., Weil, R.J. (2013). The Molecular Biology of Diffuse Low-Grade Gliomas. In: Duffau, H. (eds) Diffuse Low-Grade Gliomas in Adults. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2213-5_8

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