Abstract
The goals of artificial neural net, ANN, research are several. The very name bespeaks
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i)
A biological aim. There are a number of examples of straight-forward models of biologicaI systems generated from knowledge about a system’s neural elements and the behavior controlled by that neural system (or speculation regarding such behavior). Outstanding neurophysiological research is the Lettvin-McCulloch (1959) paper ”What the frog’s eye tells the frog’s brain.” This was, of course, based upon the McCulloch-Pitts formal neuron theory that initiated the neural network concept (Fig. 1, left)(McCulloch, 1945; McCulloch and Pitts, 1943). John von Neumann, after meeting McCulloch (on the train station at Princeton Junction), used such neurons to depict the logical design of ALU operators of the EDVAC (Fig. 1, right)(Von Neumann, 1945)
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Stark, L.W. (1994). ANNs and MAMFs: Transparency or Opacity?. In: Marinaro, M., Morasso, P.G. (eds) ICANN ’94. ICANN 1994. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2097-1_29
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2097-1_29
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