So You Really Want Integration? The Ten-by-Three Recipe

Abstract

I am not convinced that most companies, most managers, or society at large, really want closer involvement, more challenging conditions of work and greater industrial (or social) democracy — in short more intimate, integrative structures. I think managers, companies, industry, and even governments would feel threatened by the challenges they would pose, and vulnerable to the psychic energy that would, or could, be released. Authority and hierarchy are the antithesis to anarchy and as Carole Pateman noted several years ago in an insightful text Participation and Democratic Theory participation is in essence an anarchic force [1].