Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Evaluation Procedures

  • Conference paper
Radionuclides in the Food Chain

Part of the book series: ILSI Monographs ((ILSI MONOGRAPHS))

Abstract

Many foods and drinks contain small quantities of chemicals that are not in themselves nutritive components. Some of these chemicals will have been inten­tionally added during production and therefore can be described as “additives” in food (e.g., colors, preservatives). Others are unintentional and can be described as “contaminants” [e.g., aflatoxins, Pb, and substances entering food from contact materials (Table 19.1)].

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Hunt GJ (1985) Radioactivity in surface and coastal waters of the British Isles. Aquatic Environmental Monitoring Report 14 MAFF HMSO

    Google Scholar 

  2. Dunster HJ, Howells H, Templeton WL (1958) District surveys following the Wind-scale incident October 1957. In: Proceedings of the 2nd UN International Conference on the Peaceful Use of Atomic Energy. Publication P/316 UK, pp 296–300

    Google Scholar 

  3. Black D (1984) Investigation of the possible increased incidence of cancer in West Cumbria. Report of the Independent Advisory Group. London, HMSO

    Google Scholar 

  4. Gardner MJ, Hall AJ, Downes S, Terrell JD (1987) Follow up study of children born elsewhere but attending schools in Seascale, West Cumbria (schools cohort). Br Med J 295:819–822.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Gardner MJ, Hall AJ, Downes S, Terrell JD (1987) Follow up study of children born to mothers resident in Seascale, West Cumbria (birth cohort). Br Med J 295:822–827

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Forman D, Cook-Mozzafari P, Darby S, et al. (1987) Cancer near nuclear installations. Nature 329:499–505

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Roman E, Beral V, Carpenter L, Watson A, Barton C, Ryder H, Aston DL (1987) Childhood leukaemia in the West Berkshire and Basingstoke and North Hampshire District Health Authorities in relation to nuclear establishments in the vicinity. Br Med J 294:597–602

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Preston DL, Pierce DA (1987) The effect of changes in dosimetry on cancer mortality risk estimates in the atomic bomb survivors, RERF Technical Report 9.87

    Google Scholar 

  9. Smith PG, Doll R (1982) Mortality among patients with ankylosing spondylitis after a single treatment course with X-rays. Br Med J 284:449–460

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Mays CW, Spiess H, Chmelevsky D, Kellerer A (1986) Bone sarcoma cumulative tumour rates in patients injected with radium-224. In: Gossner W, Gerber GB, Hagen U, Luz A (eds) The Radiology of Radium and Thorotrast. Urban & Schwarzen-berg, Munchen 1986, pp 27–31

    Google Scholar 

  11. Cothern CR, Coniglio WA, Marcus WL (1986) Estimating risk to human health: trichlorethylene in drinking water is used as an example. Environ Sci Tech 20(2):111–116

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Peto R (1978) Carcinogenic Effects of Chronic Exposure to very low levels of Toxic Substances. Environ Health Perspect 22:155–159

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Peto R, Roe FJC, et al. (1975) Cancer and aging in mice and men. Br J Cancer 32:411

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Peto R, Gray R, Brantom P, Grasso P (1984) Nitrosamine concentration in 5120 rodents. In: O’Nieill IK, Von Borstal RC, Miller CT, Long J, Bartsch H (eds) N-Nitroso Compounds: Occurrence, Biological Effects and Relevance to Human Cancer: IARC Scientific Publication No 57. Lyon IARC

    Google Scholar 

  15. Travis CC, Richter SA, Crouch EAC, Wilson R, Klema ED (1987) Cancer risk management: A review of 132 federal regulatory decisions. Environ Sci Tech 21:415–420

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Anderson EL, Carcinogen Assessment Group of USEPA (1983) Quantitative approaches in use to assess cancer risk. Risk Anal 3:277–295

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. International Commission on Radiological Protection (1987) Statement from the 1987 Como meeting of the International Commission on Radiological Protection: Supplement to Radiological Protection Bulletin 86

    Google Scholar 

  18. International Commission on Radiological Protection (1977) Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection. Vol 1, No. 3 Publication 26. Pergamon Press, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  19. Annals of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (1984) Vol 14, No 2 Publication 40. Protection of the public in the event of a major radiation accident: Principles for planning. Pergamon Press, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  20. Food Chemical News (1984) FDA discretion to set aflatoxin action levels upheld by court. Washington DC, March 5, 1984

    Google Scholar 

  21. Meeking G (1987) EEC Meeting on levels of radioactivity in food, Luxemburg, May 1987. European Commission Report

    Google Scholar 

  22. United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (1982) Ionising radiation: Sources and biological effects, p 90

    Google Scholar 

  23. Pentreath RJ, Lovett MB, Harvey BR, Ibbett RD (1979) Alpha emitting nuclides in commercial fish species caught in the vicinity of Windscale, UK, and their radiological significance to man. IAEA-SM-237/1. In: The Biological Implications of Radionuclides released from Nuclear Industries, vol 2, IAEA

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Health and Social Security, Elephant and Castle, London, SE1 6TE, UK

    E. D. Rubery

Authors
  1. E. D. Rubery
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. P.O. Box M-268, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA

    John H. Harley Ph.D. (Consultant) (Consultant)

  2. US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Rockville, MD, 20857, USA

    Gail D. Schmidt M.Sc. (Health Physicist) (Health Physicist)

  3. 10025 Lloyd Road, Potomac, MD, 20854, USA

    Gail D. Schmidt M.Sc. (Health Physicist) (Health Physicist)

  4. United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR), Vienna International Center, A-1400, Vienna, Austria

    Giovanni Silini Ph.D. (Secretary) (Secretary)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1988 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.

About this paper

Cite this paper

Rubery, E.D. (1988). Evaluation Procedures. In: Harley, J.H., Schmidt, G.D., Silini, G. (eds) Radionuclides in the Food Chain. ILSI Monographs. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1610-3_19

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1610-3_19

  • Publisher Name: Springer, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-1612-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-1610-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation