Abstract
The involvement of pelvic lymph nodes by metastases from bladder carcinoma upgrades the tumour from a local to a systemic disease. To what extent pretreatment knowledge of nodal involvement should alter therapeutic policies remains to be determined. Three questions at least should be answered:
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1.
What is the impact of positive nodes on survival?
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2.
Are positive nodes amenable to any form of local treatment?
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3.
Should the patient with positive nodes be offered combined local and systemic therapy?
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© 1988 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Boccon-Gibod, L., Steg, A. (1988). Bladder Carcinoma: the Impact of Pretreatment Knowledge of Nodal Involvement. In: Luciani, L., Piscioli, F. (eds) Aspiration Cytology in the Staging of Urological Cancer. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1452-9_27
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1452-9_27
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