Abstract
A myriad of inflammatory processes may affect the renal parenchyma (Table 19.1). In spite of innumerable clinical and animal studies over the years, a great deal of controversy still exists as to the mechanisms by which renal involvement occurs. However, in recent years, significant progress has been made in resolving these conflicts and slowly the pieces of the jigsaw puzzle are beginning to fit together to make possible a more complete understanding of the processes involved. In the sections below, our approach to understanding the mechanisms of these renal infections will first be outlined, followed by our schema of radiologically evaluating these patients.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Acton CM, Drew JH (1979) Vesicoureteric reflux in the neonatal period. In: Hodson CJ, Smith PK (eds) Reflux nephropathy. Masson, New York
Al-Ghorab MM (1968) Radiological manifestation of genito-urinary bilharziasis. Clin Radiol 19: 100–111
Alvi AA, Goel TG, Dubey PC (1973) Reno-broncho-pyelocutaneous fistula. Br J Urol 45: 233
Armstrong CP Jr, Harlin HC, Fort CA (1950) Leukoplakia of the renal pelvis. J Urol 63: 208–213
Asscher AW et al. (Cardiff-Oxford Bacteriuria Study Group) (1978) Sequelae of covert bacteriuria in schoolgirls. A four-year follow-up study. Lancet 11:889
Babcock DS, Kaufman L, Cosnow I (1978) Ultrasound diagnosis of hydatid disease (echinococ-cosis) in two cases. AJR 131: 895–897
Baker MK, Kopecky KK (1983) Perirenal pancreatic pseudocysts: Diagnostic management. AJR 140: 729-732
Barrie HJ, Kerr WK, Gale GL (1967) The incidence and pathogenesis of tuberculous strictures of renal pyelus. J Urol 98: 584–589
Beachley MC, Ranniger K, Roth FJ (1974) Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. AJR 121: 500–507
Ben-Amni T (1984) The sonographic evaluation of urinary tract infections in children. Semin Ultrasound CT & MR 5: 19–33
Bergner DM, Roth JK Jr, Lang EK (1982) The role of computerized tomography in the management of bilateral tubercular psoas abscess. J Urol 128: 1020–1022
Berliner L, Bosniak MA (1982) The striated nephrogram in acute pyelonephritis. Urol Radiol 4: 41–44
Biggers R, Edwards J (1980) Anuria secondary to bilateral ureteropelvic fungus balls. Urology 15: 161–163
Bissada NK, Cole AT, Fried FA (1973) Reno-alimentary fistula: An unusual urological problem. J Urol 110: 273-276
Bourne HH, Condon VR, Hoyt TS, Nixon GW (1976) Intrarenal reflux and renal damage. J Urol 115: 304–306
Boyd W (1970) A textbook of pathology, 8th edn. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, pp 111–113
Bruce AW, Awad SA, Challis TW (1969) The recognition and treatment of tuberculous pyocalyx of the kidney. J Urol 101: 127–131
Brugh R III, Gooneratne NS, Rous SN (1979) Gallium-67 scanning and conservative treatment in acute inflammatory lesions of the renal cortex. J Urol 121: 232–235
Caplan LH, Siegelman SS, Bosniak MA (1967) Angiography in inflammatory space occupying lesions of the kidney. Radiology 88: 14–23
Cardiff-Oxford Study Group (1979) Long term effects of bacteriuria on the urinary tract in schoolgirls. Radiology 132: 343–350
Carris CK, Schmidt JE (1977) Emphysematous pyelonephritis. J Urol 118: 457–459
Cavins JA, Goldstein AMB (1977) Renal malakoplakia. Urology 10: 155–158
Christofferson JC, Andersen K (1967) Renal papillary necrosis. AJR 101: 703–707
Clark RA, Weiss MA, Colley DP, Wyatt GM (1979) Renal malakoplakia with renal vein thrombosis. AJR 133: 1170–1173
Coleman BG, Arger PH, Mulhern CB Jr, Pollack HM, Banner MP (1981) Pyonephrosis: Sonography in the diagnosis and management. AJR 137: 939-943
Dansky AS, Lynne CM, Politano VA (1978) Disseminated mucormycosis with renal involvement. J Urol 119: 275–277
Davidson AJ, Talner LB (1978) Late sequelae of adult-onset acute bacterial nephritis. Radiology 127: 367–371
Dawson SL, Mueller PR, Ferucci J J Jr (1984) Mucomyst for abscesses: A clinical comment. Radiology 151: 342
Eckert DE, Jonutis AJ, Davidson AJ (1976) The incidence and manifestation of urographic papillary abnormalities in patients with S hemoglobinopathies. Radiology 113: 59–63
Edell SL, Bonavita JA (1979) The sonographic appearance of acute pyelonephritis. Radiology 132: 683–685
Eickenberg HV, Amin M, Lich R Jr (1975) Blastomycosis of the genitourinary tract. J Urol 113: 650–652
Ellis LR, Kenny GM, Nellans RE (1979) Urogenital aspects of actinomycosis. J Urol 122: 132–133
Elo J, Tallgren LG, Alfthan O, Sarna S (1983) Character of urinary tract infections and pyelonephritic renal scanning after antireflux surgery. J Urol 129: 343–346
Fair WR, McClennan BL, Jost RG (1979) Are excretory urograms necessary in evaluating women with urinary tract infection. J Urol 121: 313–315
Finn DJ, Palestrant AM, De Wolf WC (1982) Successful percutaneous management of renal abscess. J Urol 127:425–426
Freedberg LE, Stables DP, Blousten PA, Donoh R (1977) Cholesteatoma of renal pelvis. Urology 10: 263–265
Friedland GW (1977) Long term effects of urinary tract infections. Radiology 124: 263–264
Frimann-Dahl J (1966) Angiography in renal inflammatory disease. In: Kincaid OW (ed) Renal angiography. Year Book Medical Publishers, Chicago, pp 230–252
Froelich JW, Swanson D (1984) Imaging of inflammatory processes with labeled cells. Semin Nucl Med 14: 128–139
Garcia JE, Van Nostrand D, Howard WH III, Kyle RW (1984) The spectrum of gallium-67 renal activity in patients with no evidence of renal disease. J Nucl Med 25: 575–580
Gerle RD (1973) Roentgenographic features of primary renal candidiasis. AJR 119: 731–738
Gilbert PG, Shirley SW (1973) The use of angiography in the diagnosis of space-occupying renal and perirenal inflammatory lesions. J Urol 110: 11–15
Gilsanz V, Lozanot, Jiminez J (1980) Renal hydatid cysts: Communicating with collecting system. AJR 135: 357-361
Giustra PE, Watson RC, Shulman H (1971) Arteriographic findings in the various stages of renal tuberculosis. Radiology 100: 587–602
Gold RP, McClennan BL, Rottenberg RR (1983) CT appearance of acute inflammatory disease of the renal interstitium. AJR 141: 343–349
Goldman SM, Minkin SD, Naraval DC, Diamond AB, Pion SJ, Meringoff BN, Sidh SM, Sanders RC, Cohen SP (1977) Renal carbuncle: The use of ultrasound in its diagnosis and treatment. J Urol 118: 525-528
Goldman SM, Hartman DS, Fishman EK, Finizio JP, Gatewood OMB, Siegelman SS (1984) CT of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: Radiologic-pathologic correlation. AJR 143: 963-969
Gow JG (1963) Genitourinary tuberculosis: A study of 700 cases. Lancet 11: 261–265
Gwinn JL, Barnes GR Jr (1964) Striated ureters and renal pelvis. AJR 91: 666–668
Haines JG, Mayo ME, Allan NA, Ansell JS (1977) Echinococcal cyst of the kidney. J Urol 117: 788–789
Hare WSC, Poynter JD (1974) The radiology of renal papillary necrosis as seen in analgesic nephropathy. Clin Radiol 25: 423–443
Harrow BR (1965) Early forms of renal papillary necrosis. AJR 95: 335–343
Hartman DS, Davis CJ Jr, Lichtenstein JE, Goldman SM (1980) Renal parenchymal malako- plakia. Radiology 136: 33–42
Hartman DS, Sanders RS, Davis CJ Jr, Goldman SM, Isbister SS (1984) Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: Sonographic-pathologic correlation of 16 cases. J Clin Ultrasound Med 3: 481–488
Hodson CJ, Edward D (1960) Chronic pyelonephritis and vesico-ureteric reflux. Clin Radiol 11: 219–231
Hodson CJ, Davies Z, Prescod A (1975) Renal parenchymal radiographic measurement in infants and children. Pediatr Radiol 3: 16–19
Hodson CJ, Maling TMJ, McManamon PJ (1975) The pathogenesis of reflux nephropathy (chronic atrophic pyelonephritis). Br J Radiol (Suppl) 13: 1–26
Hoffman EP, Mindelzun RE, Anderson RU (1980) Computed tomography in acute pyelonepthri- tis associated with diabetes. Radiology 135: 691–695
Hopkins GB, Hall RL, Mende CW (1976) Gallium-67 scintigraphy for the diagnosis and localization of perinephric abscess. J Urol 115: 126–128
Kaude JV, Stone M, Fuller TJ, et al. (1976) Papillary necrosis in kidney transplant patients. Radiology 120: 69–74
Kay CJ, Rosenfield AT, Taylor KJW, Rosenberg MA (1979) Ultrasonic characteristics of chronic atrophic pyelonephritis. AJR 132:47–49
Kelalis PP, Greene LF, Weed LA (1962) Brucellosis of the urogenital tract: A mimic of tuberculosis. J Urol 88: 347–353
Kim DS, Woesner ME, Howard TF, Olson LK (1979) Emphysematous pyelonephritis demon-strated by computed tomography. AJR 132: 287–288
Koehler PR (1974) The roentgen diagnosis of renal inflammatory masses—special emphasis on angiographic changes. Radiology 112: 257–266
Koehler PR (1978) The roentgen diagnosis of renal inflammatory masses, special emphasis on angiographic changes. Radiology 112: 257–266
Kollins SA, Hartman GW, Carr DT, Segura JW, Hattery RR (1974) Roentgenologic findings in urinary tract tuberculosis: A 10 year investigation. AJR 121: 487–500
Kozinn PJ, Taschdjian CL, Goldberg PK, Wise GJ, Toni EF, Seelig MS (1978) Advances in the diagnosis of renal candidiasis. J Urol 119: 184–187
Lang EK, Price EW (1983) Redefinition of indications for percutaneous nephrostomy. Radiology 147: 419–426
Lautin EM, Gordon PM, Friedman AC, Dourmashkin L, Fromowitz F (1979) Emphysematous pyelonephritis: Optimal diagnosis and treatment. Urol Radiol 1: 93-96
Lee JKT, McClennan BL, Melson GL, Stanley RJ (1980) Acute bacterial nephritis. AJR 135: 87–92
Levin DC, Gordon D, Kinkhabwala MN, et al. (1976) Reticular neovascularity in malignant and inflammatory renal masses. Radiology 120: 61–68
Love L, Myers MA, Churchill RJ (1981) Computed tomography of extraperitoneal spaces. AJR 136: 781–789
Mahmoud AA (1977) Schistosomiasis. N Engl J Med 297: 1329–1331
McDougall IR, Baumert JE, Lanteri RL (1979) Evaluation of indium 111 in leukocyte whole body scanning. AJR 133: 849–854
McNulty M (1957) Pyeloureteritis cystica. Br J Radiol 30: 648–652
Mellins HZ (1971) Chronic pyelonephritis and medullary necrosis. Semin Roentgenol 6: 292–308
Mendez G Jr, IsikofTMB, Morillo G (1979) The role of computed tomography in the diagnosis of renal and perirenal abscesses. J Urol 122: 582–586
Mogle JM, Perlberg S, Heiman S, Caine M (1984) Emphysematous pyelonephritis. J Urol 131: 203–208
Newcastle Asymptomatic Bacteriuria Research Group (1975) Asymptomatic bacteriuria in school children in Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Arch Dis Child 50: 90–102
Nicholson RC (1981) Abnormalities of the perinephric fascia and fat in pancreatitis. Radiology 139: 125–127
Nogrady MB, Lesk DM (1972) Renal papillary necrosis in the newborn: A case report with roentgenologic documentation of late sequelae. AJR 116: 661-667
Patel BJ, Moskowitz, Hashmat A (1983) Unilateral renal actinomycosis. Urology 21: 172–174
Ransley PG, Risdon RA (1979) The renal papilla, intrarenal reflux and chronic pyelonephritis. In: Hodson CJ, Smith PK (eds) Reflux nephropathy. Masson, New York, pp 126–133
Rauch RF, Korobkin M, Silverman PM, Dunnick NR (1983) Subcapsular pancreatic pseudocyst of the kidney. JCAT 7: 536–538
Reece RW, Koontz WW Jr (1975) Leukoplakia of the urinary tract. A review. J Urol 114: 165-171
Richie JP, Nicholson TC, Hunting D, et al. (1978) Radiographic abnormalities in acute pyelonephritis. J Urol 114: 832–835
Roberts JA (1983) Pathogenesis of pyelonephritis. J Urol 129: 1102–1106
Rosenfleld AJ, Glickman MG, Taylor KJW. Crade M, Hodson J (1979) Acute focal bacterial nephritis (acute lobar nephronia). Radiology 132:553–561
Schaefer R, Becker J A, Goodman J (1983) Sonography of tuberculous kidney. Urology 21: 209–211
Schneider M, Becker JA, Staiano S, Campos E (1975) Sonographic-radiographic correlation of renal and perirenal infections. AJR 127: 1007–1014
Silver TM, Kass EJ, Thornbury JR (1976) The radiological spectrum of acute pyelonephritis in adults and adolescents. Radiology 118: 67–71
Stanton MJ, Maxted W (1981) Malacoplakia: A study of the literature and current concepts of pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. J Urol 125: 139-146
Stuck KJ, Silver TM, Jaffe MH, Bowerman RA (1981) Sonographic demonstration of renal fungus ball. Radiology 142: 473–474
Subramanyam BR, Megibow AJ, Raghavendra BN, Bosniak MA (1982) Diffuse xanthogranulo-matous pyelonephritis: Analysis by computed tomography and sonography. Urol Radiol 4: 5-9
Subramanyam BR, Raghavendra BN, Bosniak MA, Lefleur RS, Rosen RJ, Horii SC (1983) Sonography of pyonephrosis: A prospective study. AJR 140: 991-993
Thornbury JR (1979) Perirenal anatomy: Normal and abnormal. Radiol Clin North Am 17: 321–331
Van Kirk OC, Go RT, Wedel VJ (1980) Sonographic features of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. AJR 134: 1035–1039
Van Waes PFG (1983) Management of loculated abscesses that are difficult to drain: A new approach. Radiology 147: 57–63
Wills JS, Pollack HM, Curtis JA (1981) Cholesteatoma of the upper urinary tract. AJR 136: 941–944
Yu HHY, Yim CM, Leong CH (1978) Primary actinomycosis of kidney presenting with renocolic fistula. Br J Urol 50: 140
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1986 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Goldman, S.M. (1986). Radiological Diagnosis and Assessment of Inflammatory Renal Diseases. In: Lang, E.K. (eds) Percutaneous and Interventional Urology and Radiology. Clinical Practice in Urology. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1386-7_19
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1386-7_19
Publisher Name: Springer, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-1388-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-1386-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive