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Prevention and Treatment of IUGR

  • Chapter
Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Abstract

Birthweight is the most important determinant of perinatal outcome and as such IUGR remains a major cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. It should be stressed when reading the literature that there is significant conflict in publications between those based exclusively upon neonatal weight percentiles to diagnose IUGR and those in which antenatal and/or neonatal clinical information is available. In the latter group, low birthweight is more likely to be secondary to pathology (e.g. uteroplacental insufficiency) than in the former group, which contains largely healthy SGA newborns (Ch. 1). From a clinical perspective the diagnosis of IUGR can be problematic and the underlying aetiology multifactorial (Table 16.1). Thus consideration of a broad range of preventive measures, applicable to the general pregnant population, may be more effective than resorting to focused therapeutic measures. It therefore follows that the management and/or

Factors associated with IUGR; many of these factors are interrelated

fetal

fetal abnormality intrauterine infection

placental

placental maladaption

reduced fetal placental blood ow

reduced maternal placental blood ow

maternal

maternal infection

chronic maternal disease

low maternal prepregnancy weight

poor maternal nutrition

poor maternal weight gain

maternal smoking

maternal caffeine intake

excessive physical activity

inadequate maternal haemodynamic adaptation

social

lower social class single mothers teenage pregnancy deficient antenatal care

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Authors
  1. James J. Walker
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  2. Graeme Smith
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  3. Gustaaf A. Dekker
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Suite 775B, University of Toronto, 600 University Avenue, M5G 1X5, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    John Kingdom MD FRCS MRCP MRCOG

  2. School of Human Development, City Hospital, Nottingham University, Hucknall Road, NG5 1PB, Nottingham, UK

    Philip Baker BM BS MRCOG

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Walker, J.J., Smith, G., Dekker, G.A. (2000). Prevention and Treatment of IUGR. In: Kingdom, J., Baker, P. (eds) Intrauterine Growth Restriction. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0735-4_16

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