Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Endometriosis is a Surgical Disease

  • Chapter
Ultrasound and Endoscopic Surgery in Obstetrics and Gynaecology

  • 280 Accesses

Abstract

Our understanding of endometriosis has changed dramatically over the past decade. Introduced clinically at the beginning of this century, as ovarian “chocolate cysts”1 and as adenomyosis externa,2–4 it was defined as endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterus. According to this definition, black puckered lesions in the pelvis were soon recognised as endometriosis, making it a frequently observed disease. When, in the 1980s, non-pigmented endometriotic lesions were also described,5–8 the prevalence of the disease increased from 5–20% to over 60–80% of women with infertility and/or pelvic pain.9–18 Simultaneously with the increasing awareness of the prevalence of endometriosis, our concepts of aetiology, pathophysiology, natural history and therapy have evolved.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Sampson JA (1927) Peritoneal endometriosis due to the menstrual dissemination of endometrial tissue into the peritoneal cavity. Am J Obstet Gynecol 14:422–469

    Google Scholar 

  2. Cullen TS (1896) Adenoma-myoma uteri diffusum benignum. J Hopkins Hosp Bull 6:133–137

    Google Scholar 

  3. Cullen TS (1896) Adeno-myoma of the round ligament. J Hopkins Hosp Bull 7:112–114

    Google Scholar 

  4. Cullen TS (1919) The distribution of adenomyomata containing uterine mucosa. Am J Obstet Gynecol 80:130–138

    Google Scholar 

  5. Jansen RPS, Russell P (1986) Nonpigmented endometriosis: clinical, laparoscopic, and pathologic definition. Am J Obstet Gynecol 155:1154–1159

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Stripling MC, Martin DC, Chatman DL et al (1988) Subtle appearance of pelvic endometriosis. Fertil Steril 49:427–431

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Stripling MC, Martin DC, Poston WM (1988) Does endometriosis have a typical appearance? J Reprod Med Obstet Gynecol 33:879–884

    Google Scholar 

  8. Martin DC, Hubert GD, Van der Zwaag R et al (1989) Laparoscopic appearances of peritoneal endometriosis. Fertil Steril 51:63–67

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Mahmood TA, Templeton A (1991) Prevalence and genesis of endometriosis. Hum Reprod 6:544–549

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Rawson JMR (1991) Prevalence of endometriosis in asymptomatic women. J Reprod Med Obstet Gynecol 36:513–515

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Wheeler JM (1989) Epidemiology of endometriosis-associated infertility. J Reprod Med 34:41–46

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Houston DE, Noller KL, Melton LJ et al (1987) Incidence of pelvic endometriosis in Rochester, Minnesota, 1970–1979. Am J Epidemiol 125:959–969

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Moen MH (1987) Endometriosis in women at interval sterilization. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 66:451–454

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Hull MGR, Glazener CMA, Kelly NJ et al (1985) Population study of causes, treatment, and outcome of infertility. Br Med J 291:1693–1697

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Strathy JH, Molgaard CA, Coulam CB et al (1985) Endometriosis and infertility: a laparoscopic study of endometriosis among fertile and infertile women. Fertil Steril 44:83–88

    Google Scholar 

  16. Nikanen V, Punnonen R (1984) External endometriosis in 801 operated patients. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 63:699–701

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Bitzer J, Korber HR (1983) Laparoscopy findings in infertile women. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 43:294–298

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Koninckx PR, Meuleman C, Demeyere S et al (1991) Suggestive evidence that pelvic endometriosis is a progressive disease, whereas deeply infiltrating endometriosis is associated with pelvic pain. Fertil Steril 55:759–765

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Sampson JA (1927) Peritoneal endometriosis due to the menstrual dissemination of endometrial tissue into the peritoneal cavity. Am J Obstet Gynecol 14:422–469

    Google Scholar 

  20. El Mahgoub S, Yaseen S (1980) A positive proof for the theory of coelomic metaplasia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 137:137–140

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Suginami H (1991) A reappraisal of the coelomic metaplasia theory by reviewing endometriosis occurring in unusual sites and instances. Am J Obstet Gynecol 165:214–218

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Moore JG, Binstock MA, Growdon WA (1988) The clinical implications of retroperitoneal endometriosis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 158:1291–1298

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Ueki M (1991) Histologic study of endometriosis and examination of lymphatic drainage in and from the uterus. Am J Obstet Gynecol 165:201–209

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Koninckx PR, Ide P, Vandenbroucke W et al (1980) New aspects of the pathophysiology of endometriosis and associated infertility. J Reprod Med 24:257–260

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Halme J, Hammond MG, Hulka JF et al (1984) Retrograde menstruation in healthy women and in patients with endometriosis. Obstet Gynecol 64:151–154

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Kruitwagen RF (1993) Menstruation as the pelvic aggressor. Baillieres Clin Obstet Gynaecol 7:687–700

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. van der Linden PJQ, de Goeij AFPM, Dunselman GAJ et al (1998) Amniotic membrane as an in vitro model for endometrium-extracellular matrix interactions. Gynecol Obstet Invest 45:7–11

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Redwine DB, Koninckx PR, D’Hooghe T et al (1991) Endometriosis: will the real natural history please stand up? Fertil Steril 56:590–591

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Koninckx PR (1994) Is mild endometriosis a condition occurring intermittently in all women? Hum Reprod 9:2202–2205

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Vercellini P, Bocciolone L, Crosignani PG (1992) Is mild endometriosis always a disease? Hum Reprod 7:627–629

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Koninckx PR, Kennedy SH, Barlow DH (1998) Endometriotic disease: the role of peritoneal fluid. Hum Reprod Update 4:741–751

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Jansen RP, Russell P (1986) Nonpigmented endometriosis: clinical, laparoscopic, and pathologic definition. Am J Obstet Gynecol 155:1154–1159

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Goldenberg M, Oelsner G, Bider D et al (1994) A new approach to ovarian cystectomy - a combined laparoscopic and extra-abdominal microsurgical technique. Gynecol Obstet Invest 37:196–198

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Cornillie FJ, Oosterlynck D, Lauweryns JM et al (1990) Deeply infiltrating pelvic endometriosis: histology and clinical significance. Fertil Steril 53:978–983

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Koninckx PR, Meuleman C, Oosterlynck D et al (1996) Diagnosis of deep endometriosis by clinical examination during menstruation and plasma CA-125 concentration. Fertil Steril 65:280–287

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Koninckx PR, Vandermeersch E (1991) The persufflator: an insufflation device for laparoscopy and especially for CO2-laser-endoscopic surgery. Hum Reprod 6:1288–1290

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Cervero F (1995) Visceral pain: mechanisms of peripheral and central sensitization. Ann Med 27:235–239

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Cervero F, Janig W (1992) Visceral nociceptors: a new world order? [see comments] Trends Neurosci 15:374–378

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Koninckx PR, Renaer M (1997) Pain sensitivity of and pain radiation from the internal female genital organs. Hum Reprod 12:1785–1788

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Brosens I A, Koninckx PR, Corveleyn PA (1978) A study of plasma progesterone, oestradiol-17ß, prolactin and LH levels, and of the luteal phase appearance of the ovaries in patients with endometriosis and infertility. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 85:246–250

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Koninckx PR, Brosens IA (1982) Clinical significance of the luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome as a cause of infertility. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 13:355–368

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Koninckx PR, Brosens IA (1977) Diagnosis of the luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome. Proc FIGO, Tokyo

    Google Scholar 

  43. Schenken RS, Werlin LB, Williams RF et al (1986) Histologic and hormonal documentation of the luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 154:839–847

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Haines CJ (1987) Luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome. Clin Reprod Fertil 5:321–332

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Scheenjes E, te Velde E R, Kremer J (1990) Inspection of the ovaries and steroids in serum and peritoneal fluid at various time intervals after ovulation in fertile women: implications for the luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome. Fertil Steril 54:38–41

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Mio Y, Toda T, Harada T et al (1992) Luteinized unruptured follicle in the early stages of endometriosis as a cause of unexplained infertility. Am J Obstet Gynecol 167:271–273

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. D’Hooghe TM, Bambra CS, Raeymaekers BM et al (1996) Increased incidence and recurrence of recent corpus luteum without ovulation stigma (luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome?) in baboons with endometriosis. J Soc Gynecol Investig 3:140–144

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Marcoux S, Maheux R, Berube S (1997) The Canadian Collaborative Group on Endometriosis. Laparoscopic surgery in infertile women with minimal and mild endometriosis. N Engl J Med 337:217–222

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Jenkins JM, Anthony FW, Wood P et al (1993) The development of functional ovarian cysts during pituitary down-regulation. Hum Reprod 8:1623–1627

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Alcazar JL, Laparte C, Jurado M et al (1997) The role of transvaginal ultrasonography combined with color velocity imaging and pulsed Doppler in the diagnosis of endometrioma. Fertil Steril 67:487–491

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Mais V, Guerriero S, Ajossa S et al (1993) The efficiency of transvaginal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of endometrioma. Fertil Steril 60:776–780

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Outwater EK, Dunton CJ (1995) Imaging of the ovary and adnexa: clinical issues and applications of MR imaging. Radiology 194:1–18

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Guerriero S, Ajossa S, Paoletti AM et al (1996) Tumor markers and transvaginal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of endometrioma. Obstet Gynecol 88:403–407

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Guerriero S, Mais V, Ajossa S et al (1996) Transvaginal ultrasonography combined with CA-125 plasma levels in the diagnosis of endometrioma. Fertil Steril 65:293–298

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Koninckx PR, Muyldermans M, Moerman P et al (1992) CA 125 concentrations in ovarian ‘chocolate’ cyst fluid can differentiate an endometriotic cyst from a cystic corpus luteum. Hum Reprod 7:1314–1317

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Koninckx PR (1993) CA 125 in the management of endometriosis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 49:109–113

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Brosens IA, Puttemans PJ, Deprest J (1994) The endoscopic localization of endometrial implants in the ovarian chocolate cyst. Fertil Steril 61:1034–1038

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Martin DC, Demos Berry J (1990) Histology of chocolate cysts. J Gynecol Surg 6:43–46

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Donnez J, Nisolle M, Gillet N et al (1996) Large ovarian endometriomas. Hum Reprod 11:641–646

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Hughesdon PE (1984) Benign endometrioid tumours of the ovary and the mullerian concept of ovarian epithelial tumours. Histopathology 8:977–990

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Brosens I, Puttemans P, Deprest J (1993) Appearances of endometriosis. Baillieres Clin Obstet Gynaecol 7:741–757

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Vercellini P, Vendola N, Bocciolone L et al (1992) Laparoscopic aspiration of ovarian endometriomas. Effect with postoperative gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist treatment. J Reprod Med 37:577–580

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Giorlandino C, Taramanni C, Muzii L et al (1993) Ultrasound-guided aspiration of ovarian endometriotic cysts. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 43:41–44

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Aboulghar MA, Mansour RT, Serour Gl et al (1991) Ultrasonic transvaginal aspiration of endometriotic cysts: an optional line of treatment in selected cases of endometriosis. Hum Reprod 6:1408–1410

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Muzii L, Marana R, Caruana P et al (1995) Laparoscopic findings after transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration of ovarian endometriomas. Hum Reprod 10:2902–2903

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Kennedy SH, Cederholm-Williams SA, Barlow DH (1992) The effect of injecting endometriotic ’chocolate’ cyst fluid into the peritoneal cavity of mice. Hum Reprod 7:1329

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Bruhat MA, Mage G, Chapron C et al (1991) Present day endoscopic surgery in gynecology. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 41:4–13

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Bruhat MA, Mage G, Pouly JL (1991) Advances in pelviscopic surgery. Ann NY Acad Sei 626:367–371

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Bruhat MA, Wattiez A, Mage G (1989) C02 laser laparoscope Baillieres Clin Obstet Gynaecol 3:487–497

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Brosens IA, Van Bailaer P, Puttemans P et al (1996) Reconstruction of the ovary containing large endometriomas by an extraovarian endosurgical technique. Fertil Steril 66:517–521

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Crosignani PG, Vercellini P (1995) Conservative surgery for severe endometriosis: should laparotomy be abandoned definitively? Hum Reprod 10:2412–2418

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Adamson GD, Pasta DJ (1994) Surgical treatment of endometriosis-associated infertility: meta-analysis compared with survival analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 171:1488–1505

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Brosens IA (1994) New principles in the management of endometriosis. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand Suppl 159:18–21

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Wood C (1994) Endoscopy in the management of endometriosis. Baillieres Clin Obstet Gynaecol 8:735–757

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Canis M, Mage G, Wattiez A et al (1992) Second-look laparoscopy after laparoscopic cystectomy of large ovarian endometriomas [see comments]. Fertil Steril 58:617–619

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Fayez JA, Vogel MF (1991) Comparison of different treatment methods of endometriomas by laparoscopy [see comments]. Obstet Gynecol 78:660–665

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Muzii L, Marana R, Caruana P et al (1996) The impact of preoperative gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist treatment on laparoscopic excision of ovarian endometriotic cysts. Fertil Steril 65:1235–1237

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Chang SP, Ng HT (1996) A randomized comparative study of the effect of leuprorelin acetate depot and danazol in the treatment of endometriosis. Chung Hua I Hsueh Tsa Chih Taipei 57:431–437

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Koninckx PR, Meuleman C, Demeyere S et al (1991) Suggestive evidence that pelvic endometriosis is a progressive disease whereas deeply infiltrating endometriosis is associated with pelvic pain [see comments]. Fertil Steril 55:759–765

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Koninckx PR, Martin DC (1992) Deep endometriosis: a consequence of infiltration or retraction or possibly adenomyosis externa? Fertil Steril 58:924–928

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Hompes PG, Koninckx PR, Kennedy SH et al (1996) Serum CA-125 concentrations during midfollicular phase, a clinically useful and reproducible marker in diagnosis of advanced endometriosis. Clin Chem 42:1871–1874

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Koninckx PR, Meuleman C, Oosterlynck D et al (1996) Diagnosis of deep endometriosis by clinical examination during menstruation and plasma CA-125 concentration. Fertil Steril 65:280–287

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Deprest J, Marchai G, Koninckx PR (1993) MRI in the diagnosis of deeply infiltrating endometriosis. Abstract AAGL, 22nd annual meeting

    Google Scholar 

  84. Koninckx PR, Timmermans B, Meuleman C et al (1996) Complications of CO2-laser endoscopic excision of deep endometriosis. Hum Reprod 11:2263–2268

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Koninckx PR, Vandermeersch E (1991) The persufflator: an insufflation device for laparoscopy and especially for CO2laser-endoscopic surgery. Hum Reprod 6:1288–1290

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Redwine DB (1991) Conservative laparoscopic excision of endometriosis by sharp dissection: life table analysis of reoperation and persistent or recurrent disease. Fertil Steril 56:628–634

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Redwine, DB (1992) Laparoscopic en bloc resection for treatment of the obliterated cul-de-sac in endometriosis. J Reprod Med 37:695–698

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Sharpe DR, Redwine DB (1992) Laparoscopic segmental resection of the sigmoid and rectosigmoid colon for endometriosis. Surg Laparoscopy Endosc 2:120–124

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Redwine DB, Koning M, Sharpe DR (1996) Laparoscopically assisted transvaginal segmental resection of the rectosigmoid colon for endometriosis. Fertil Steril 65:193–197

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Redwine DB (1997) Severe intestinal (GI) endometriosis (E) and pelvic mapping. Fertil Steril S22

    Google Scholar 

  91. Donnez J, Nisolle M, Gillerot S et al (1997) Rectovaginal septum adenomyotic nodules: a series of 500 cases. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 104:1014–1018

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Crosignani PG, De Cecco L, Gastaldi A et al (1996) Leuprolide in a 3-monthly versus a monthly depot formulation for the treatment of symptomatic endometriosis: a pilot study. Hum Reprod 11:2732–2735

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Vercellini P, Trespidi L, De Giorgi O et al (1996) Endometriosis and pelvic pain: relation to disease stage and localization. Fertil Steril 65:299–304

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Donnez J, Nisolle M, Casanasroux F et al (1995) Rectovaginal septum endometriosis or adenomyosis: laparoscopic management in a series of 231 patients. Hum Reprod 10:630–635

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Martin DC (1995) Pain and infertility a rationale for different treatment approaches. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 102 (Suppl 12):2–3

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. Candiani GB, Vercellini P, Fedele L et al (1992) Conservative surgical treatment of rectovaginal septum endometriosis. J Gynecol Surg 8:177–182

    Article  Google Scholar 

  97. Nezhat C, Nezhat F, Pennington E (1992) Laparoscopic treatment of infiltrative rectosigmoid colon and rectovaginal septum endometriosis by the technique of videolaparoscopy and the CO2 laser. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 99:664–667

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Reich H, McGlynn F, Salvat J (1991) Laparoscopic treatment of cul-de-sac obliteration secondary to retrocervical deep fibrotic endometriosis. J Reprod Med Obstet Gynecol 36:516–522

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Ripps BA, Martin DC (1991) Focal pelvic tenderness, pelvic pain and dysmenorrhea in endometriosis. J Reprod Med 36:470–472

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Martin, DC (1988) Laparoscopic and vaginal colpotomy for the excision of infiltrating cul-de-sac endometriosis. J Reprod Med 33:806–808

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Koninckx PR, Timmerman B, Meuleman C et al (1996) Complications of CO2-laser endoscopic excision of deep endometriosis. Hum Reprod 11:2263–2268

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Van Rompaey B, Deprest JA, Koninckx PR (1996) Enterocele as a consequence of laparoscopic resection of deeply infiltrating endometriosis. J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc 4:73–75

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  103. Tate JJT, Kwok S, Dawson JW et al (1993) Prospective comparison of laparoscopic and conventional anterior resection. Br J Surg 80:1396–1398

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Neven P,Vandeursen H, Baert L et al (1993) Ureteric injury at laparoscopic surgery:the endoscopic management.Case review. Gynaecol Endoscop 2:45–46

    Google Scholar 

  105. Shaw RW, (1993) Endometriosis: current evaluation of management and rationale for medical therapy. In: Brosens IA, Donnez J (eds) The current status of endometriosis. Parthenon Publishing, New York, pp 371–383

    Google Scholar 

  106. Fedele L, Bianchi S, Bocciolone L et al (1993) Buserelin acetate in the treatment of pelvic pain associated with minimal and mild endometriosis - a controlled study. Fertil Steril 59:516–521

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Fedele L, Arcaini L, Bianchi S et al (1989) Comparison of cyproterone acetate and danazol in the treatment of pelvic pain associated with endometriosis. Obstet Gynecol 73:1000–1004

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Fedele L, Bianchi S, Arcaini L et al (1989) Buserelin versus danazol in the treatment of endometriosis-associated infertility. Am J Obstet Gynecol 161:871–876

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Redwine DB, Elstein M, Shaw R et al (1992) Nafarelin versus danazol versus surgery. Fertil Steril 58:455–456

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Evers JLH (1987) The second-look laparoscopy for evaluation of the result of medical treatment of endometriosis should not be performed during ovarian suppression. Fertil Steril 47:502–504

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Hughes EG, Fedorkow DM, Collins JA (1993) A quantitative overview of controlled trials in endometriosis-associated infertility. Fertil Steril 59:963–970

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Shaw RW (1990) Nafarelin in the treatment of pelvic pain caused by endometriosis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 162:574–576

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Koninckx PR, Stukkens K, Meuleman C (1991) Cumulative pregnancy rates following C02-laser-endoscopic surgery for deeply infiltrating endometriosis. Proc FIGO, Singapore

    Google Scholar 

  114. Koninckx PR, Deprest J, Janssen G et al (1993) Cumulative pregnancy rates following C02-laser endoscopic excision of deeply infiltrating endometriosis. Fertil Steril, Montreal meeting

    Google Scholar 

  115. Buttram VC (1993) Rationale for combined medical and surgical treatment of endometriosis. In: Brosens IA, Donnez J (eds) The current status of endometriosis. Parthenon Publishing, New York, pp 32–406

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Philippe R. Koninckx
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2003 Springer-Verlag London Limited

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Koninckx, P.R. (2003). Endometriosis is a Surgical Disease. In: Ultrasound and Endoscopic Surgery in Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0655-5_28

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0655-5_28

  • Publisher Name: Springer, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-1170-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-0655-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation