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Intelligent Systems for Engineering pp 285–334Cite as

Analogical and Case-Based Reasoning

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Abstract

Analogical Reasoning (AR) involves the use of past experiences to solve problems that are similar to problems solved before. This kind of reasoning is pervasive in engineering disciplines, particularly design. As there are no established, widely accepted, theories and methods for engineering design, practitioners often rely on prior design cases to exploit past successes and to avoid repeating the same mistakes. Research in analogical problem solving concentrates on the process of similarity recognition, mapping of past cases to current situation, and modification of past cases to suit a given task. An important aspect of this research is the development of representations that accurately capture prior experiences, conditions, and explanations. The experiences (cases) are represented and stored in knowledge-bases called case memories. As case memories grow in size, issues relating to indexing and retrieval become important. This aspect of analogical reasoning is called case- based reasoning (CBR). The primary emphasis of case-based reasoning is on the organization, hierarchy indexing and retrieval of case memory, while the main emphasis of analogical reasoning is on the process of modifying, adapting and verifying past derivations (cases) [5]. However, our treatment of case-based reasoning will also include elements of analogical reasoning.

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  1. Manufacturing Systems Integration Division Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899-0001, USA

    Dr. Ram D. Sriram

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  1. Dr. Ram D. Sriram
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© 1997 Springer-Verlag London

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Sriram, R.D. (1997). Analogical and Case-Based Reasoning. In: Intelligent Systems for Engineering. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0631-9_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0631-9_6

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  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-1167-2

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