Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Hybrid Metal-Ceramic Thermo-oxidation Protection Layers for Polymer Matrix Composites

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Time Dependent Constitutive Behavior and Fracture/Failure Processes, Volume 3

  • 1679 Accesses

Abstract

The use life of a high temperature polymeric composite is often reduced by the surface oxidation and ensuing degradation mechanisms. Oxidation and damage are closely coupled and oxidation accelerates after the onset of damage. Protective surface plies and coatings that decelerate or delay the oxidation-induced damage extend the useful life of high temperature composite structures. However, several earlier attempts were stymied by coating adhesion and durability problems. In this paper, we present a thermo-chemo-mechanical performance evaluation of lightweight metal thin film protective layers deposited on polymer matrix composites. The conceptual design of the barrier coating and the key step of fabricating metal top coats is described in this paper. The coating is applied on neat resins, lamina and laminates enabling the investigation of its effectiveness for oxidation and damage progression.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Schoeppner, G.A., Tandon, G. P, Pochiraju, K. V., (2007) “ Chapter 9: Predicting Thermo-oxidative Degradation and Performance of High Temperature Polymer Matrix Composites”, Multi-scale Modeling and Simulation of Composite Materials and Structures, Kwon, Young W.; Allen, David H.; Talreja, Ramesh R. (Eds.), ISBN: 978-0-387-36318-9, Springer, pp. 373–379.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Struik, L.C.E. (1978) Physical aging in amorphous polymers and other materials. Elsevier, Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  3. McKenna, G.B. (1992) Aging of polymeric resins: implications for composite performance. Proceedings of the Conference of the American Chemical Society, polymer preprints, vol 33., No 1., pp. 364–365.

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  4. Waldron, W.K. Jr. and McKenna, G.B. (1995) The nonlinear viscoelastic response and apparent rejuvenation of an epoxy glass. J Rheology 39:471–497

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Brinson, L.C., Gates, T.S. (1995) Effects of physical aging on long term creep of polymers and polymer matrix composites. Int J Solids Struct, 32:827.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. Colin, X., Marais, C., Cochon, J.L., Verdu, J. (1999) Damage/weight loss relationship for bismaleimide matrix under isothermal oxidation aging. Proc of the Int Conf on Recent Developments in Durability Analysis of Composite Systems, Brussels University, Belgium.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Colin, X., Marais, C., Favre, J.P. (1999) Damage/weight loss relationship of polymer matrix composites under thermal aging. Proc. ICCM-12, ICCM Europe Publications, T. Massard and A. Vautrin, eds. 8. Colin, X., Marais, C., Verdu, J. (2001) A new method for predicting the thermal oxidation of thermoset matrices: application to an amine crosslinked epoxy. Polymer Testing 20:795–803.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Colin, X., Marais, C., Verdu, J. (2001) Thermal oxidation kinetics for a poly(bismaleimide). J. Applied Polymer Science 82:3418–3430.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Colin, X., Marais, C., Verdu, J. (2005) Kinetic modeling of the stabilizing effects of carbon fibers on thermal aging of thermoset matrix composites. Comp Sci and Tech 65:117–127.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Tsotsis, T.K. (1998) Long-term thermo-oxidative aging in composite materials: experimental methods. Journal of Composite Materials 32:1115–1135.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Wang, S.S., Chen, X. (2006) Computational micromechanics for high-temperature constitutive equations of polymer-matrix composites with oxidation reaction, damage, and degradation. Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 128: 81–89.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Wang, S.S., Chen, X., Skontorp, A. (2003) High temperature mechanics modeling and experiments of thermal oxidation, degradation and damage evolution in carbon fiber/polyimide composites. Proc. American Society for Composites 18th Technical Conference, Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Wang, S.S., Chen, X., Skontorp, A. (2003) High-temperature mechanics modeling and experiments of thermal oxidation, degradation and damage evolution in carbon/fiber/polyimide composites. Technical

    Google Scholar 

  14. Report CEAC-TR-03-0106, University of Houston. 15. Pochiraju, K.V., Tandon G.P. (2006) Modeling thermo-oxidation layer growth in high temperature resins. Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 128:107–116.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Tandon, G.P., Pochiraju, K.V., Schoeppner, G.A. (2006) Modeling of oxidative development in PMR-15 resin. Polymer Degradation and Stability 91:1861–1869.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Wise, Gillen and Clough (1997) Quantitative model for the time development of diffusion-limited oxidation profiles. Polymer, 38:1929–1944.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Celina, M., Wise, J., Ottesen, D.K., Gillen, K.T., Clough, R.L. (2000) Correlation of chemical and mechanical property changes during oxidative degradation of neoprene. Polymer Degradation and Stability 68:171–184.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. McManus, H.L., Foch, B.J., Cunningham, R.A. (2000) Mechanism-based modeling of long-term degradation. J Comp Tech and Research 22:146–152.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Bowles, K.J. (1991) Effect of fiber reinforcements on thermo-oxidative stability and mechanical properties of polymer matrix composites. NASA TM 103648.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Bowles, K.J. (1999) Durability of graphite-fiber reinforced PMR-15 composites aged at elevated temperatures. J Comp Tech and Research 21:127–132.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Bowles, K.J., Jayne, D., Leonhardt, T.A., Bors, D. (1993) Thermal stability relationships between PMR-15 resin and its composites. NASA TM 106285.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Bowles, K.J., Jayne, D., Leonhardt, T.A. (1993) Isothermal Aging Effects on PMR-15 Resin. SAMPE Quarterly, 24:2–9.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Bowles, K.J., Tsuji, L., Kamvouris, J., Roberts, G.D. (2003) Long-term isothermal aging effects on weight loss, compression properties, and dimensions of T650-35 fabric-reinforced PMR-15 composites – Data. NASA TM-2003-211870.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Bowles, K. J., Madhukar, M., Papadopolous, D. S., Inghram, L., McCorkle, L. (1995) The effects of fiber surface modification and thermal aging on composite toughness and its measurement. NASA TM-

    Google Scholar 

  25. Tsuji, L.C., McManus, H.L., Bowles, K.J. (1998) Mechanical properties of degraded PMR-15 resin. NASA Technical Report, 1998–208487, pp 1–18.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Abdeljaoued, K. (1999) Thermal oxidation of PMR-15 polymer used as a matrix in composite materials reinforced with carbon fibers. MS thesis, Ecole Nationale Superieure des Arts et Metiers, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Gates, T.S., Feldman, M. (1994) The effects of physical aging at elevated temperatures on the viscoelastic creep of IM7/K3B. NASA-TM-109114.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Gates, T.S. (2003) On the use of accelerated test methods for characterization of advanced composite materials. NASA/TP-2003-212407.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Schoeppner G.A., Tandon, G.P., Ripberger, E.R. (2006) Anisotropic oxidation and weight loss in PMR-15 composites. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing (accepted July 2006).

    Google Scholar 

  30. Sullivan, J.L. (1990) Creep and physical aging of composites. Comp Sci and Tech 39:207.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Meador, M.A., Johnston, J.C., Frimer, A.A., Gilinsky-Sharon, P. (1999) On the oxidative degradation of nadic endcapped polyimides: 3. synthesis and characterization of model compounds for end-cap degradation products. Macromolecules, 32:5532–5538.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Pochiraju K.V., Tandon, G.P., Schoeppner, G.A. (2008) Evolution of stress and deformations in hightemperature polymer matrix composites during thermo-oxidative aging, Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials, Vol. 12: pp. 45–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Paipetis, A., Galiotis, C., Effect of fiber sizing on stress transfer efficiency in carbon/epoxy model composites. Composites Part A 27A, 755–767 (1996).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Upadhyaya, D., Tsakiropoulos, P., Evaluation of the effect of sizing levels on transverse flexural and shear strengths of carbon/epoxy composites. Journal of Materials Processing Technology 54, 17–20 (1995).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Tandon, G. P., Ragland, W. R. and Schoeppner, G. A. (2009) “Using Optical Microscopy to Monitor Anisotropic Oxidation Growth in High-Temperature Polymer Matrix Composites,” to appear in Journal of Composite Materials, Vol 32, No. 5, pp. 583–603

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA

    Kishore V. Pochiraju

  2. University of Dayton Research Institute, Dayton, Ohio, USA

    Gyaneshwar P. Tandon

Authors
  1. Kishore V. Pochiraju
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Gyaneshwar P. Tandon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kishore V. Pochiraju .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. The Society for Experimental Mechanics,, 7 School Street, Bethel, 06801-1405, USA

    Tom Proulx

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this paper

Cite this paper

Pochiraju, K.V., Tandon, G.P. (2011). Hybrid Metal-Ceramic Thermo-oxidation Protection Layers for Polymer Matrix Composites. In: Proulx, T. (eds) Time Dependent Constitutive Behavior and Fracture/Failure Processes, Volume 3. Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9794-4_26

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9794-4_26

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-9498-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-9794-4

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation