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NanoBiosensing pp 171–205Cite as

Biosensors Based on Nanoporous Materials

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Part of the book series: Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering ((BIOMEDICAL))

Abstract

According to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) definition, porous materials are divided into three classes: microporous (<2 nm), mesoporous (2–50 nm), and macroporous (>50 nm). When the pore dimension is in the nanometer range, such materials can be denoted as ­nanoporous materials [1]. Recently, nanoporous materials have found increasing applications in many areas, including bioengineering [2], catalysis [3], and biosensing [4], due to their large surface area, tailored pore size distribution, controllable pore structure, and versatile composition. Especially for biosensors, the use of ­nanoporous materials can significantly improve the analysis performance of the biosensors since their large surface area and versatile porous structure are beneficial for the loading of large amounts of active catalysts and they have a fast diffusion rate. In fact, various kinds of biosensors have been designated and fabricated on the basis of nanoporous materials [5–10] in the past decade and used for the detection of various biocomponents, including glucose, DNA, antibodies, and bacteria, with improved sensitivity. The composition of the nanoporous materials is versatile [11–16], including­ silica, ­carbon, metal, metal oxide, and hybrid composition. In addition, their applications cover both the electrochemical [11–16] and optical fields [17, 18].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nanjing University, Nanjing, P.R. China

    Huangxian Ju

  2. World Precision Instruments, Inc., Sarasota, FL, USA

    Xueji Zhang

  3. University of Science & Technology, Beijing, P.R. China

    Xueji Zhang

  4. University of California, San Diego, CA, USA

    Joseph Wang

Authors
  1. Huangxian Ju
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  2. Xueji Zhang
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  3. Joseph Wang
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Correspondence to Huangxian Ju .

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Ju, H., Zhang, X., Wang, J. (2011). Biosensors Based on Nanoporous Materials. In: NanoBiosensing. Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9622-0_6

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