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Signaling in Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome

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Signaling in the Heart

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Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a condition in which an ­organism contains elevated blood sugar. This pathological state could be a result of two major abnormalities both related to the functioning of insulin, a hormone that regulates glucose metabolism. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) develops when β cells fail to produce insulin. The most common diabetes affecting 90–95% of the US diabetes population is Type 2 diabetes (T2D), which results from “insulin resistance”: cells lose sensitivity and respond weakly (or stop responding) to the insulin that is produced.

This chapter focuses on the signaling pathways triggered by insulin under normal conditions and describes the changes leading to the development of resistance of target cells to insulin. Also are described consequences of insulin resistance for the development of obesity, a number of signaling systems affected under other metabolic disorders that increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (components of metabolic syndrome (MetSyn), such as dyslipidemia and hyperinsulinemia) and genes polymorphisms associated with diabetes, resistance to insulin and MetSyn.

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Marín-García, J. (2011). Signaling in Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome. In: Signaling in the Heart. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9461-5_16

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