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TH17 Cells, Proteins Associated with TH17 Polarization, and Their Role in Graft vs. Host Disease

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TH17 Cells in Health and Disease

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Abstract

Graft vs. host disease (GVHD) is mediated by donor T cells that recognize minor and major MHC disparities in the host and initiate an inflammatory cascade the results in tissue damage in specific GVHD target organs. Over the past 20 years, multiple different T cell subsets under control of specific transcription factors have been described. Of these, the TH1 pathway in which T cells generate IFNγ under control of the transcription factor T-bet has been most closely associated with GVHD. Quite recently, several new T cell subsets have been discovered. TH17 cells are a recently defined subset in which the cells are differentiated in the presence of IL-6, TGF-β1, and IL-1β and expanded by the cytokine IL-23. RORγt and RORα are the critical transcription factors necessary for the generation of TH17 cells. Here, we have reviewed the current data on the roles of TH17 cells and the proteins critical for their generation in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic GVHD. Both data from murine models and clinical studies have been evaluated. While a definitive role for TH17 cells remains to be established, current data suggests that TH1/TH17 cells together may be critical mediators of tissue pathology during GVHD.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA

    Bruce R. Blazar

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  1. Jonathan S. Serody
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  2. Timothy P. Moran
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  3. Bruce R. Blazar
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Correspondence to Bruce R. Blazar .

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  1. King's College London, Department of Nephrology and Transplanta, Guy's Hospital, London, WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom

    Shuiping Jiang

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Serody, J.S., Moran, T.P., Blazar, B.R. (2011). TH17 Cells, Proteins Associated with TH17 Polarization, and Their Role in Graft vs. Host Disease. In: Jiang, S. (eds) TH17 Cells in Health and Disease. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9371-7_18

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