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Endothelial Cell Dysfunction—a Key Factor in Atherogenesis and Its Reversal (Laboratory and Clinical Study)

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Atherosclerosis, Hypertension and Diabetes

Part of the book series: Progress in Experimental Cardiology ((PREC,volume 8))

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Abstract

In macrophage cell cultures and DNA studies, we recorded morphological changes and DNA damage caused by hydrogen peroxide exposure. In another experiment, interac-tion of altered macrophages and OX-LDL resulted in foam cells. In another experiment native LDL was converted to oxidised LDL by exposure to cigarette smoke extract. However pre-treatment with anti-oxidants-superoxide dismutase (SOD), nitric oxide (NO), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), vitamins A, E, C, â-carotene in all above experiments reversed partially/completely oxidative damage of macrophages, DNA, LDL and prevented foam fell formation. Clinical study included 100 documented cases of coronary artery disease (CAD), (50-angiographically proved, 50 acute myocardial infarction patients and 100 healthy controls (angiographically negative). We estimated oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid reactive sub-stances and conjugated diene levels) and antioxidant levels (SOD, NO, GPx, vitamins A, E, C, â-carotene, selenium) in all. Oxidative stress was significantly increased and anti-oxidant levels were significantly low in CAD group. Low NO levels in CAD reflect endothelial cell dysfunction (ECD). Coronary artery lesions improved with treatment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Peddar Road, Mumbai, 400 026, India

    Gurmukh S. Sainani, Manisha Sawhney Bhatia & Rajesh Sainani

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  1. Gurmukh S. Sainani
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  2. Manisha Sawhney Bhatia
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Stroke & Vascular Disease, St. Boniface General Hospital Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada

    Grant N. Pierce PhD, FACC (Professor & Director) (Professor & Director)

  2. Department of Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

    Makoto Nagano MD, PhD (Professor Emeritus) (Professor Emeritus)

  3. Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface General Hospital Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada

    Peter Zahradka PhD (Associate Professor) & Naranjan S. Dhalla PhD, MD (Hon), DSc (Hon) (Distinguished Professor and Director) (Associate Professor) &  (Distinguished Professor and Director)

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Sainani, G.S., Bhatia, M.S., Sainani, R. (2003). Endothelial Cell Dysfunction—a Key Factor in Atherogenesis and Its Reversal (Laboratory and Clinical Study). In: Pierce, G.N., Nagano, M., Zahradka, P., Dhalla, N.S. (eds) Atherosclerosis, Hypertension and Diabetes. Progress in Experimental Cardiology, vol 8. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9232-1_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9232-1_3

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

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