Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Atherosclerosis, Hypertension and Diabetes pp 187–196Cite as

A Nutritional Approach to Prevent High Blood Pressure

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Progress in Experimental Cardiology ((PREC,volume 8))

Abstract

In essential hypertension, excess endogenous aldehydes bind sulfhydryl groups of membrane proteins, altering membrane Ca2+ channels and increasing cytosolic free calcium and blood pressure. Abnormalities in carbohydrate metabolism may underlie the etiology of the clinical course of hypertension. Insulin resistance and glucose intolerance is a common feature of hypertension in humans and in animal models. Elevated endogenous aldehydes in spontaneously hypertensive rats may be due to increased production of reactive aldehydes such as methylglyoxal, when the glycolytic pathway of glucose metabolism is impaired. The thiol compound, N-acetyl cysteine, normalizes elevated blood pressure by binding excess endogenous aldehydes and normalizing Ca2+ channels and cytosolic free calcium. Dietary sup-plementation with nutrients which can increase endogenous cysteine and glutathone may improve carbohydrate metabolism, lower blood pressure and normalize associated biochemi-cal and histopathological changes. This nutritional approach to lower blood pressure has been demonstrated in spontaneously hypertensive rats, a model of human essential hypertension using supplementation with either vitamin B6, vitamin C, N-acetyl cysteine or lipoic acid.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Julius S. 2000. Five decades of antihypertensive treatment: the unresolved issues. J Hypertens 18 (suppl 3):S3–S7.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Vasdev S, Mian T, Ford CA, Longerich L, Parai S. 1996. Role of endogenous aldehydes in sponta-neously hypertensive and disulfiram-induced hypertensive rats. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 6:130–140.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Vasdev S, Ford CA, Longerich L, Parai S, Gadag V. 1999. Antihypertensive effect of low ethanol intake in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Mol Cell Biochem 200:85–92.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Vasdev S, Ford CA, Parai S, Longerich L, Gadag V. 1999. Dietary vitamin B6 supplementation atten-uates hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Mol & Cell Biochem 200:155–162.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Vasdev S, Ford CA, Parai S, Longerich L, Gadag V 2000. Dietary a-lipoic acid supplementation lowers blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Hypertens 18:567–573.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Vasdev S, Ford CA, Parai S, Longerich L, Gadag V. 2001. Dietary vitamin C supplementation lowers blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Mol Cell Biochem 218:97–103.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Brandt RB, Siegel SA. 1979. Methylglyoxal production in human blood. Submolecular biology and cancer. Excerpta Medica, CIBA Foundation Symposium 67:211–223.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Kashiwagi A, Obata T, Suzaka M, Takagi Y, Kida Y, Igawa T, Tanaka Y, Asahina T, Ikebuchi M, Saeki Y, Kikkawa R, Shigeta Y. 1992. Increase in cardiac muscle fructose content in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Metabolism 41:1041–1046.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Kondoh Y, Kawase M, Ohmori S. 1992. D-lactate concentrations in blood, urine and sweat before and after exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 65:88–93.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Thornalley PJ. 1993. Modification of the glyoxalase system in disease processes and prospects for therapeutic strategies. Biochem Soc Trans 21:531–534.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Phillips SA, Mirrlees D, Thornalley PJ. 1993. Modification of the glyoxalase system in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Effect of the aldose reductase inhibitor statil. Biochem Pharmacol 46:805–811.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Vander Jagt DL, Hunsaker LA. 1993. Substrate specificity of reduced and oxidized forms of human aldose reductase. In: H Weiner (ed) Enzymology and Molecular Biology of Carbonyl Metabolism 4. Plenum Press, New York, pp 279–288.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Leoncini G, Maresca M, Buzzi E. 1989. Inhibition of the glycolytic pathway of methylglyoxal in human platelets. Cell Biochem Function 7:65–70.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Murphy BJ, Washkurak AW, Tuana BS. 1990. Dihydropyridine binding to the L-type Ca2+ channel in rabbit heart sarcolemma and skeletal muscle transverse-tubules: role of disulfide, sulfhydryl and phosphate groups. Biochim Biophys Acta 1052:333–339.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Zaidi NF, Lagenaur CF, Abramson JJ, Pessah I, Salama G. 1989. Reactive disulfides trigger Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum via an oxidation reaction. J Biol Chem 264:21725–21736.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Schauenstein E, Esterbauer H, Zollner S. 1977. In: Aldehydes in biological systems, their natural occurrence and biological activities. Pion Limited, 207 Brondes Bury Park, London, pp 1–7.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Vasdev S, Barrett B, Longerich L, Ford CA. 1996. Ethanol-induced hypertension: the role of acetalde-hyde. In: NS Dhalla (ed) Pathophysiology of Heart Failure. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, MA, USA, pp 77–93.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Meister A, Anderson ME, Hwang O. 1986. Intracellular cysteine and glutathione delivery systems. J Am Col Nutr 5:137–151.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Lehninger AL. 1978. Biochemistry: the molecular basis of cell structure and function. 2nd ed. Worth Publishers, Inc, New York, pp 698.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Smolin LA, Benevenga NJ. 1982. Accumulation of homocyst(e)ine in vitamin B-6 deficiency: A model for the study of cystathionine ß-synthase deficiency. J Nutr 112:1264–1272.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Finkelstein JD, Chalmers FT. 1970. Pryidoxine effects on cystathionine synthase in rat liver. J Nutr 100:467–469.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Takeuchi F, Izuta S, Tsubouchi R, Shibata Y. 1991. Glutathione levels and related enzyme activities in vitamin B-6 deficient rats fed a high methioinine and low cystine diet. J Nutr 121:1366–1373.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Aybak M, Sermet A, Ayyildiz MO, Karakilcik S. 1995. Effect of oral pyridoxine hydrochloride sup-plementation on arterial blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension. Arzeimittel-forschung 45:1271–1273.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Meister A. 1992. Commentary on the antioxidant effects of ascorbic acid and glutathione. Biochem Pharmacol 44:1905–1915.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Paolisso G, Balbi V, Volpe C, Varricchio G, Gambardella A, Saccomanno F, Ammendola S, Varricchio M, D’Onofrio F. 1995. Metabolic benefits deriving from chronic vitamin C supplementation in aged non-insulin dependent diabetics. J Am Coll Nutr 14:387–392.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Meister A. 1994. Glutathione-ascorbic acid antioxidant system in animals. J Biol Chem 269: 9397–9400.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Johnston CS, Meyer CG, Srilakshmi JC. 1993.Vitamin C elevates red blood cell glutathione in healthy adults. Am J Clin Nutr 58:103–105.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Janero DR, Burghadt B. 1989. Cardiac membrane vitamin E and malon-dialdehyde levels in heart muscle of normotensive and spontaneously-hypertensive rats. Lipids 24:33–38.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Uysal M, Bulur H, Sener D, óz H. 1986. Lipid peroxidation in patients with essential hypertension. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 24:474–476.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Wen Y, Killalea S, McGettigan P, Feely J. 1996. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant vitamins C and E in hypertensive patients. Irish J Med Sci 165:210–212.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Pierdomenico SD, Costantini F, Bucci A, De Cesare D, Cuccurullo F, Mezzetti A. 1998. Low-density lipoprotein oxidation and vitamins E and C in sustained and white-coat hypertension. 31:621–626.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. a-lipoic acid. 1998. Alternative Medicine Review 3(4):308–310.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Packer L, Witt EH, Tritschler HJ. 1995. Alpha-lipoic acid as a biological antioxidant. Free Radical Biology & Medicine 19(2):227–250.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Han D, Handelman G, Marcocci L, Sen CK, Roy S, Kobuchi H, Tritschler HJ, Flohe L, Packer L. 1997. Lipoic acid increasesde now synthesis of cellular glutathione by improving cystine utilization. BioFactors 6:321–338.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Bolli P, Erne P, Hulthen UL, Ritz R, Kiowski W, Ji BH, Buhler FR. 1984. Parallel reduction of calcium-influx-dependent vasoconstriction and platelet-free calcium concentration with calcium entry and p-adrenoceptor blockade. J Cardiovasc Pharmac 6:S996–S1001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Pollard TD. 1975. Electron microscopy of synthetic myosin filaments. J Cell Biol 67:93–104.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, The Health Sciences Centre, Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada

    Sudesh Vasdev & Carol Ann Ford

  2. Division of Community Health, The Health Sciences Centre, Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada

    Linda Longerich

  3. Laboratory Medicine, The Health Sciences Centre, Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada

    Sushil Parai

Authors
  1. Sudesh Vasdev
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Carol Ann Ford
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Linda Longerich
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Sushil Parai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Stroke & Vascular Disease, St. Boniface General Hospital Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada

    Grant N. Pierce PhD, FACC (Professor & Director) (Professor & Director)

  2. Department of Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

    Makoto Nagano MD, PhD (Professor Emeritus) (Professor Emeritus)

  3. Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface General Hospital Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada

    Peter Zahradka PhD (Associate Professor) & Naranjan S. Dhalla PhD, MD (Hon), DSc (Hon) (Distinguished Professor and Director) (Associate Professor) &  (Distinguished Professor and Director)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2003 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Vasdev, S., Ford, C.A., Longerich, L., Parai, S. (2003). A Nutritional Approach to Prevent High Blood Pressure. In: Pierce, G.N., Nagano, M., Zahradka, P., Dhalla, N.S. (eds) Atherosclerosis, Hypertension and Diabetes. Progress in Experimental Cardiology, vol 8. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9232-1_16

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9232-1_16

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-4850-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-9232-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation